"Cygan" meaning in Polish

See Cygan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /ˈt͡sɘ.ɡan/
Rhymes: -ɘɡan Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Hellenic *ə- Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) Ancient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Hellenic *-os Ancient Greek -ος (-os) Ancient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.? Proto-Turkic *čï̄gań Kipchakder.? Old Polish Cygan Polish Cygan Inherited from Old Polish Cygan. Etymology templates: {{ety|pl|:inh|zlw-opl:Cygan|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Hellenic *ə- Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) Ancient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Hellenic *-os Ancient Greek -ος (-os) Ancient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.? Proto-Turkic *čï̄gań Kipchakder.? Old Polish Cygan Polish Cygan [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "un-", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "un-", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "not", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "not", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*né", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*n̥-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*ə-", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ἀ-", "lang" : "grc" }, { "gloss" : "to touch", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "θιγγάνω", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "grc" }, { "id" : "o-grade", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "thematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*-os", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-ος", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ἀθίγγανος", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" }, { "is_uncertain" : true, "lang_name" : "Kipchak", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Turkic", "term" : "*čï̄gań", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "trk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang" : "trk-kip" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "Cygan", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "Cygan", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="Cygan"> Inherited from Old Polish Cygan. Head templates: {{pl-proper noun|m-pr}} Cygan m pers Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-pr|nomp=Cyganowie}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], Cygan [nominative, singular], Cyganowie [nominative, plural], Cygana [genitive, singular], Cyganów [genitive, plural], Cyganowi [dative, singular], Cyganom [dative, plural], Cygana [accusative, singular], Cyganów [accusative, plural], Cyganem [instrumental, singular], Cyganami [instrumental, plural], Cyganie [locative, singular], Cyganach [locative, plural], Cyganie [singular, vocative], Cyganowie [plural, vocative], Cygón [alternative]
  1. a male surname Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-Cygan-pl-name-IRlLAcDj Categories (other): Polish male surnames, Polish surnames, Male people Disambiguation of Male people: 89 4 7

Proper name

IPA: /ˈt͡sɘ.ɡan/ Forms: Cygón [alternative]
Rhymes: -ɘɡan Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Hellenic *ə- Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) Ancient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Hellenic *-os Ancient Greek -ος (-os) Ancient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.? Proto-Turkic *čï̄gań Kipchakder.? Old Polish Cygan Polish Cygan Inherited from Old Polish Cygan. Etymology templates: {{ety|pl|:inh|zlw-opl:Cygan|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Hellenic *ə- Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) Ancient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Hellenic *-os Ancient Greek -ος (-os) Ancient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.? Proto-Turkic *čï̄gań Kipchakder.? Old Polish Cygan Polish Cygan [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "un-", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "un-", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "not", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "not", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*né", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*n̥-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*ə-", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ἀ-", "lang" : "grc" }, { "gloss" : "to touch", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "θιγγάνω", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "grc" }, { "id" : "o-grade", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "thematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*-os", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-ος", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ἀθίγγανος", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" }, { "is_uncertain" : true, "lang_name" : "Kipchak", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Turkic", "term" : "*čï̄gań", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "trk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang" : "trk-kip" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "Cygan", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "Cygan", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="Cygan"> Inherited from Old Polish Cygan. Head templates: {{pl-proper noun|f|indecl=1}} Cygan f (indeclinable)
  1. a female surname Tags: feminine, indeclinable
    Sense id: en-Cygan-pl-name-yitEyztR Categories (other): Polish female surnames, Polish surnames

Noun

IPA: /ˈt͡sɘ.ɡan/
Rhymes: -ɘɡan Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Hellenic *ə- Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) Ancient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Hellenic *-os Ancient Greek -ος (-os) Ancient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.? Proto-Turkic *čï̄gań Kipchakder.? Old Polish Cygan Polish Cygan Inherited from Old Polish Cygan. Etymology templates: {{ety|pl|:inh|zlw-opl:Cygan|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Hellenic *ə- Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) Ancient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Hellenic *-os Ancient Greek -ος (-os) Ancient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.? Proto-Turkic *čï̄gań Kipchakder.? Old Polish Cygan Polish Cygan [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "un-", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "un-", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "not", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "not", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*né", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*n̥-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*ə-", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ἀ-", "lang" : "grc" }, { "gloss" : "to touch", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "θιγγάνω", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "grc" }, { "id" : "o-grade", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "thematic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-os", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*-os", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-ος", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ἀθίγγανος", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" }, { "is_uncertain" : true, "lang_name" : "Kipchak", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Turkic", "term" : "*čï̄gań", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "trk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang" : "trk-kip" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "Cygan", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "Cygan", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="Cygan"> Inherited from Old Polish Cygan. Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-pr|dim=Cyganek|f=Cyganka}} Cygan m pers (female equivalent Cyganka, diminutive Cyganek) Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-pr|nomp=Cyganie}} Forms: Cyganka [feminine], Cyganek [diminutive], no-table-tags [table-tags], Cygan [nominative, singular], Cyganie [nominative, plural], Cygana [genitive, singular], Cyganów [genitive, plural], Cyganowi [dative, singular], Cyganom [dative, plural], Cygana [accusative, singular], Cyganów [accusative, plural], Cyganem [instrumental, singular], Cyganami [instrumental, plural], Cyganie [locative, singular], Cyganach [locative, plural], Cyganie [singular, vocative], Cyganie [plural, vocative], Cygón [alternative]
  1. Gypsy Tags: masculine, person Synonyms: Rom
    Sense id: en-Cygan-pl-noun-BT2p8BnM Categories (other): Polish entries with etymology texts, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with etymon, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks, Nationalities Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology texts: 21 20 59 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 21 20 59 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymon: 22 21 56 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 18 17 64 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 23 22 55 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 19 18 63 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 22 21 56 Disambiguation of Nationalities: 26 22 52

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:Cygan",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*né\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*n̥-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*ə-\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀ-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to touch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"θιγγάνω\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀθίγγανος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Kipchak\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Turkic\", \"term\" : \"*čï̄gań\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"trk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"trk-kip\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Cygan\">\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Cyganka",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganek",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygón",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr",
        "dim": "Cyganek",
        "f": "Cyganka"
      },
      "expansion": "Cygan m pers (female equivalent Cyganka, diminutive Cyganek)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Cy‧gan"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Cy‧gan"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "nomp": "Cyganie"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 20 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 20 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 21 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 17 64",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 22 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 18 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 21 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 22 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Nationalities",
          "orig": "pl:Nationalities",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Gypsy"
      ],
      "id": "en-Cygan-pl-noun-BT2p8BnM",
      "links": [
        [
          "Gypsy",
          "Gypsy"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Rom"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɘ.ɡan/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɘɡan"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "cygan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Cygan"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:Cygan",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*né\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*n̥-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*ə-\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀ-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to touch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"θιγγάνω\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀθίγγανος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Kipchak\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Turkic\", \"term\" : \"*čï̄gań\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"trk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"trk-kip\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Cygan\">\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygón",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr"
      },
      "expansion": "Cygan m pers",
      "name": "pl-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Cy‧gan"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Cy‧gan"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "nomp": "Cyganowie"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish male surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 4 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Male people",
          "orig": "pl:Male people",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a male surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-Cygan-pl-name-IRlLAcDj",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɘ.ɡan/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɘɡan"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "cygan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Cygan"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:Cygan",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*né\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*n̥-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*ə-\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀ-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to touch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"θιγγάνω\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀθίγγανος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Kipchak\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Turkic\", \"term\" : \"*čï̄gań\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"trk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"trk-kip\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Cygan\">\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Cygón",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "indecl": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Cygan f (indeclinable)",
      "name": "pl-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Cy‧gan"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Cy‧gan"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish female surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a female surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-Cygan-pl-name-yitEyztR",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɘ.ɡan/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɘɡan"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "cygan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Cygan"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with etymology texts",
    "Polish entries with etymology trees",
    "Polish entries with etymon",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish indeclinable nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish personal nouns",
    "Polish proper nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Polish terms derived from Kipchak languages",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
    "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *né",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɘɡan",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɘɡan/2 syllables",
    "pl:Male people",
    "pl:Nationalities"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:Cygan",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*né\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*n̥-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*ə-\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀ-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to touch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"θιγγάνω\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀθίγγανος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Kipchak\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Turkic\", \"term\" : \"*čï̄gań\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"trk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"trk-kip\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Cygan\">\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Cyganka",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganek",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygón",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr",
        "dim": "Cyganek",
        "f": "Cyganka"
      },
      "expansion": "Cygan m pers (female equivalent Cyganka, diminutive Cyganek)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Cy‧gan"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Cy‧gan"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "nomp": "Cyganie"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Gypsy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Gypsy",
          "Gypsy"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Rom"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɘ.ɡan/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɘɡan"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "cygan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Cygan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with etymology texts",
    "Polish entries with etymology trees",
    "Polish entries with etymon",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish indeclinable nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish personal nouns",
    "Polish proper nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Polish terms derived from Kipchak languages",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
    "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *né",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɘɡan",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɘɡan/2 syllables",
    "pl:Male people",
    "pl:Nationalities"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:Cygan",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*né\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*n̥-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*ə-\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀ-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to touch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"θιγγάνω\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀθίγγανος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Kipchak\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Turkic\", \"term\" : \"*čï̄gań\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"trk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"trk-kip\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Cygan\">\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cyganowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cygón",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr"
      },
      "expansion": "Cygan m pers",
      "name": "pl-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Cy‧gan"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Cy‧gan"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "nomp": "Cyganowie"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish male surnames",
        "Polish surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a male surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɘ.ɡan/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɘɡan"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "cygan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Cygan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with etymology texts",
    "Polish entries with etymology trees",
    "Polish entries with etymon",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish indeclinable nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish personal nouns",
    "Polish proper nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Polish terms derived from Kipchak languages",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
    "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *né",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɘɡan",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɘɡan/2 syllables",
    "pl:Male people",
    "pl:Nationalities"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:Cygan",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"un-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"not\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*né\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*n̥-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*ə-\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀ-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to touch\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"θιγγάνω\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἀθίγγανος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Kipchak\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Turkic\", \"term\" : \"*čï̄gań\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"trk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"trk-kip\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"Cygan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Cygan\">\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)\nAncient Greek θιγγάνω (thingánō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos)der.?\nProto-Turkic *čï̄gań\nKipchakder.?\nOld Polish Cygan\nPolish Cygan\nInherited from Old Polish Cygan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Cygón",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "indecl": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Cygan f (indeclinable)",
      "name": "pl-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Cy‧gan"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Cy‧gan"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish female surnames",
        "Polish surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a female surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɘ.ɡan/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɘɡan"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "cygan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Cygan"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Cygan meaning in Polish (18.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.