See -graf in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"args": {
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"2": "lbor",
"3": "grc>γράφω>to scratch",
"id": "-graph",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-\nProto-Hellenic *grə́pʰō\nAncient Greek γράφω (gráphō)lbor.\nPolish -graf",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "grc",
"3": "γράφω"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-\nProto-Hellenic *grə́pʰō\nAncient Greek γράφω (gráphō)lbor.\nPolish -graf\nLearned borrowing from Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-graf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-graf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "-graf m inan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "aktyno- + -graf → aktynograf",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-graph"
],
"id": "en--graf-pl-suffix-zdE1rR6r",
"links": [
[
"-graph",
"-graph#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡraf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-af"
},
{
"homophone": "graf"
}
],
"word": "-graf"
}
{
"categories": [
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"parents": [],
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{
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
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"2": "lbor",
"3": "grc>γράφω>to scratch",
"id": "-graph",
"tree": "1"
},
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"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "grc",
"3": "γράφω"
},
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"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-\nProto-Hellenic *grə́pʰō\nAncient Greek γράφω (gráphō)lbor.\nPolish -graf\nLearned borrowing from Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-graf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "-graf m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "biblio- + -graf → bibliograf",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-grapher"
],
"id": "en--graf-pl-suffix-m2s4f6-q",
"links": [
[
"-grapher",
"-grapher#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-grafia"
},
{
"word": "grafo-"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡraf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-af"
},
{
"homophone": "graf"
}
],
"word": "-graf"
}
{
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"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate suffixes",
"Polish learned borrowings from Ancient Greek",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
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"Polish masculine suffixes",
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"Polish terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
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"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbʰ-",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-\nProto-Hellenic *grə́pʰō\nAncient Greek γράφω (gráphō)lbor.\nPolish -graf",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γράφω"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-\nProto-Hellenic *grə́pʰō\nAncient Greek γράφω (gráphō)lbor.\nPolish -graf\nLearned borrowing from Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-graf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-graf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "-graf m inan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "aktyno- + -graf → aktynograf",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-graph"
],
"links": [
[
"-graph",
"-graph#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡraf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-af"
},
{
"homophone": "graf"
}
],
"word": "-graf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate suffixes",
"Polish learned borrowings from Ancient Greek",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine suffixes",
"Polish personal suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbʰ-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/af",
"Rhymes:Polish/af/1 syllable"
],
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"2": "lbor",
"3": "grc>γράφω>to scratch",
"id": "-graph",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-\nProto-Hellenic *grə́pʰō\nAncient Greek γράφω (gráphō)lbor.\nPolish -graf",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γράφω"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-\nProto-Hellenic *grə́pʰō\nAncient Greek γράφω (gráphō)lbor.\nPolish -graf\nLearned borrowing from Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-graf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-grafowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "-graf m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-grafia"
},
{
"word": "grafo-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "biblio- + -graf → bibliograf",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-grapher"
],
"links": [
[
"-grapher",
"-grapher#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡraf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-af"
},
{
"homophone": "graf"
}
],
"word": "-graf"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -graf meaning in Polish (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.