See żółw in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiowaty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jak żółw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwim krokiem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw błotny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw grecki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw lądowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw morski"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw stepowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiątko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwinek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiowiec"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "żółw",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish żółw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "żółw"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish żółw",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish żółw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "żółwica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "żółw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"adj": "żółwi",
"adj2": "żółwiowy",
"dim": "żółwik",
"f": "żółwica"
},
"expansion": "żółw m animal (female equivalent żółwica, diminutive żółwik, related adjective żółwi or żółwiowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"żółw"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "żół",
"2": "wi",
"3": "a",
"noms": "żółw"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiowo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 35 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Emydid turtles",
"orig": "pl:Emydid turtles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 34 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male animals",
"orig": "pl:Male animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Sea turtles",
"orig": "pl:Sea turtles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 30 38",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Turtles",
"orig": "pl:Turtles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"sea turtle (any turtle that inhabits oceans)"
],
"id": "en-żółw-pl-noun-~DhKOhxy",
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"sea turtle",
"sea turtle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "żółw morski"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 35 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 41 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 41 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Emydid turtles",
"orig": "pl:Emydid turtles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 34 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male animals",
"orig": "pl:Male animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 30 38",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Turtles",
"orig": "pl:Turtles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"tortoise (any of various land-dwelling reptiles, of the family Testudinidae or the order Testudines, whose body is enclosed in a shell (carapace plus plastron))"
],
"id": "en-żółw-pl-noun-kM5j0bDa",
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"tortoise",
"tortoise"
],
[
"Testudinidae",
"Testudinidae#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "żółw lądowy"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 35 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 33 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Emydid turtles",
"orig": "pl:Emydid turtles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 34 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male animals",
"orig": "pl:Male animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 30 38",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Turtles",
"orig": "pl:Turtles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"terrapin (any of several small turtles native to North America that live in brackish or fresh water)"
],
"id": "en-żółw-pl-noun-v3EBYu08",
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"terrapin",
"terrapin"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "terapena"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐuwf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐoɫfʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uwf"
},
{
"homophone": "Żółw"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/uwf",
"Rhymes:Polish/uwf/1 syllable",
"pl:Emydid turtles",
"pl:Male animals",
"pl:Sea turtles",
"pl:Turtles"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "żółwiowaty"
},
{
"word": "jak żółw"
},
{
"word": "żółwim krokiem"
},
{
"word": "żółw błotny"
},
{
"word": "żółw grecki"
},
{
"word": "żółw lądowy"
},
{
"word": "żółw morski"
},
{
"word": "żółw stepowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwiak"
},
{
"word": "żółwiątko"
},
{
"word": "żółwinek"
},
{
"word": "żółwiowiec"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "żółw",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish żółw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "żółw"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish żółw",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish żółw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "żółwica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "żółw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"adj": "żółwi",
"adj2": "żółwiowy",
"dim": "żółwik",
"f": "żółwica"
},
"expansion": "żółw m animal (female equivalent żółwica, diminutive żółwik, related adjective żółwi or żółwiowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"żółw"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "żół",
"2": "wi",
"3": "a",
"noms": "żółw"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "żółwio"
},
{
"word": "żółwiowo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"sea turtle (any turtle that inhabits oceans)"
],
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"sea turtle",
"sea turtle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "żółw morski"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"tortoise (any of various land-dwelling reptiles, of the family Testudinidae or the order Testudines, whose body is enclosed in a shell (carapace plus plastron))"
],
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"tortoise",
"tortoise"
],
[
"Testudinidae",
"Testudinidae#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "żółw lądowy"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"terrapin (any of several small turtles native to North America that live in brackish or fresh water)"
],
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"terrapin",
"terrapin"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "terapena"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐuwf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐoɫfʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uwf"
},
{
"homophone": "Żółw"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
Download raw JSONL data for żółw meaning in Polish (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.