See żółw on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "żółw"
},
"expansion": "Polish: żółw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: żółw"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "żōłw"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: żōłw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: żōłw"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*žьlvъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žьlvъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*žьlvъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žьlvъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žьlvъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "żółw n",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 637:",
"text": "Zolw rana",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emyd; European pond turtle"
],
"id": "en-żółw-zlw-opl-noun-pwNwGYip",
"links": [
[
"emyd",
"emyd"
],
[
"European pond turtle",
"European pond turtle"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Borderlands Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th, Józef Reczek, Zbigniew Wojas, Felicja Wysocka, Mariusz Leńczuk, Elżbieta Belcarzowa, editors, Glosy i drobne zabytki języka polskiego pominięte przez wydawcę w RXXIII 268-319. Uzupełnienie materiału z trzech rękopisów na podstawie nieopublikowanych odczytań z rękopisów wyrazów polskich wraz z kontekstami, Lviv, page 279:",
"text": "Mus per cellarium ingruente gressu discedens gravi passu pergenti testudini, gl. illi animali zolw, obviauit",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 137r:",
"text": "Testudo […] a testa dicitur et est quoddam animal quia tegimine teste sit cooperta Etiam dicitur camera templi obliqua et curua quia in modum testudinis veteres templorum tecta faciebant vt celi imaginem redderet etiam dicitur scutum eyn schilt zolw albo sklep",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 137v:",
"text": "Testudo sklep vel zolw",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turtle; tortoise (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines)"
],
"id": "en-żółw-zlw-opl-noun-Fuks73im",
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"tortoise",
"tortoise"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Southern Borderlands; Greater Poland; attested in Southern Borderlands; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Southern Borderlands, Greater Poland) turtle; tortoise (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines)"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1977 [Middle of the 15th century], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Polskie glosy w rękopisie Kroniki Wincentego Kadłubka, page 149:",
"text": "Rideo, quod talpa lincem, quod limax, gl. talis vermis de terra genitus zolwf, tigridem, quod aquilam in conflictu provocat scarabeus",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"slug, snail"
],
"id": "en-żółw-zlw-opl-noun-e3B4ocB8",
"links": [
[
"slug",
"slug"
],
[
"snail",
"snail"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "31 9 3 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 2 36 9 9 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 7 1 38 9 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 30v:",
"text": "Bufo […] est nomen vermis venenosi[…] Item bufo est rana terrestris al. zolv",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884 [1476], Ignacy Polkowski, editor, Katalog rękopisów kapitulnych katedry krakowskiej. Cz. 1, Kodexa rękopiśmienne 1-228, volume III, page 108:",
"text": "Sicut odor vinee expellit bufones, zolwy, sic odor mundicie Christi debet expellere bufones luxurie, Xc enim super mundiciam dilexit",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"European toad"
],
"id": "en-żółw-zlw-opl-noun-Rv0vMgyk",
"links": [
[
"European toad",
"European toad"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) European toad"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʒʲɔːɫfʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʒʲoɫfʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "żełw"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiowaty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jak żółw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwim krokiem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw błotny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw grecki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw lądowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw morski"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółw stepowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiątko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwinek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiowiec"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "żółw",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish żółw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "żółw"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish żółw",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish żółw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "żółwica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "żółw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"adj": "żółwi",
"adj2": "żółwiowy",
"dim": "żółwik",
"f": "żółwica"
},
"expansion": "żółw m animal (female equivalent żółwica, diminutive żółwik, related adjective żółwi or żółwiowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"żółw"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "żół",
"2": "wi",
"3": "a",
"noms": "żółw"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "żółwiowo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 35 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Emydid turtles",
"orig": "pl:Emydid turtles",
"parents": [
"Turtles",
"Reptiles",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 25 28",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Sea turtles",
"orig": "pl:Sea turtles",
"parents": [
"Turtles",
"Reptiles",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Turtles",
"orig": "pl:Turtles",
"parents": [
"Reptiles",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"sea turtle (any turtle that inhabits oceans)"
],
"id": "en-żółw-pl-noun-~DhKOhxy",
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"sea turtle",
"sea turtle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "żółw morski"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 35 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Emydid turtles",
"orig": "pl:Emydid turtles",
"parents": [
"Turtles",
"Reptiles",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Turtles",
"orig": "pl:Turtles",
"parents": [
"Reptiles",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"tortoise (any of various land-dwelling reptiles, of the family Testudinidae or the order Testudines, whose body is enclosed in a shell (carapace plus plastron))"
],
"id": "en-żółw-pl-noun-kM5j0bDa",
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"tortoise",
"tortoise"
],
[
"Testudinidae",
"Testudinidae#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "żółw lądowy"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 35 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 29 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 29 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Emydid turtles",
"orig": "pl:Emydid turtles",
"parents": [
"Turtles",
"Reptiles",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 46",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male animals",
"orig": "pl:Male animals",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Male",
"Lifeforms",
"Gender",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Turtles",
"orig": "pl:Turtles",
"parents": [
"Reptiles",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"terrapin (any of several small turtles native to North America that live in brackish or fresh water)"
],
"id": "en-żółw-pl-noun-v3EBYu08",
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"terrapin",
"terrapin"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "terapena"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐuwf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐoɫfʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uwf"
},
{
"homophone": "Żółw"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish neuter nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Emydid turtles",
"pl:Male animals",
"pl:Sea turtles",
"pl:Turtles",
"zlw-opl:Frogs",
"zlw-opl:Turtles"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "żółw"
},
"expansion": "Polish: żółw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: żółw"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "żōłw"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: żōłw",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: żōłw"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*žьlvъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žьlvъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*žьlvъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žьlvъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žьlvъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "żółw n",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 637:",
"text": "Zolw rana",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emyd; European pond turtle"
],
"links": [
[
"emyd",
"emyd"
],
[
"European pond turtle",
"European pond turtle"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Southern Borderlands Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th, Józef Reczek, Zbigniew Wojas, Felicja Wysocka, Mariusz Leńczuk, Elżbieta Belcarzowa, editors, Glosy i drobne zabytki języka polskiego pominięte przez wydawcę w RXXIII 268-319. Uzupełnienie materiału z trzech rękopisów na podstawie nieopublikowanych odczytań z rękopisów wyrazów polskich wraz z kontekstami, Lviv, page 279:",
"text": "Mus per cellarium ingruente gressu discedens gravi passu pergenti testudini, gl. illi animali zolw, obviauit",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 137r:",
"text": "Testudo […] a testa dicitur et est quoddam animal quia tegimine teste sit cooperta Etiam dicitur camera templi obliqua et curua quia in modum testudinis veteres templorum tecta faciebant vt celi imaginem redderet etiam dicitur scutum eyn schilt zolw albo sklep",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 137v:",
"text": "Testudo sklep vel zolw",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turtle; tortoise (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines)"
],
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"tortoise",
"tortoise"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Southern Borderlands; Greater Poland; attested in Southern Borderlands; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Southern Borderlands, Greater Poland) turtle; tortoise (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines)"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1977 [Middle of the 15th century], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Polskie glosy w rękopisie Kroniki Wincentego Kadłubka, page 149:",
"text": "Rideo, quod talpa lincem, quod limax, gl. talis vermis de terra genitus zolwf, tigridem, quod aquilam in conflictu provocat scarabeus",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"slug, snail"
],
"links": [
[
"slug",
"slug"
],
[
"snail",
"snail"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 30v:",
"text": "Bufo […] est nomen vermis venenosi[…] Item bufo est rana terrestris al. zolv",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884 [1476], Ignacy Polkowski, editor, Katalog rękopisów kapitulnych katedry krakowskiej. Cz. 1, Kodexa rękopiśmienne 1-228, volume III, page 108:",
"text": "Sicut odor vinee expellit bufones, zolwy, sic odor mundicie Christi debet expellere bufones luxurie, Xc enim super mundiciam dilexit",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"European toad"
],
"links": [
[
"European toad",
"European toad"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) European toad"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʒʲɔːɫfʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʒʲoɫfʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "żełw"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/uwf",
"Rhymes:Polish/uwf/1 syllable",
"pl:Emydid turtles",
"pl:Male animals",
"pl:Sea turtles",
"pl:Turtles"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "żółwiowaty"
},
{
"word": "jak żółw"
},
{
"word": "żółwim krokiem"
},
{
"word": "żółw błotny"
},
{
"word": "żółw grecki"
},
{
"word": "żółw lądowy"
},
{
"word": "żółw morski"
},
{
"word": "żółw stepowy"
},
{
"word": "żółwiak"
},
{
"word": "żółwiątko"
},
{
"word": "żółwinek"
},
{
"word": "żółwiowiec"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "żółw",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish żółw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "żółw"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish żółw",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish żółw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "żółwica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "żółw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "żółwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"adj": "żółwi",
"adj2": "żółwiowy",
"dim": "żółwik",
"f": "żółwica"
},
"expansion": "żółw m animal (female equivalent żółwica, diminutive żółwik, related adjective żółwi or żółwiowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"żółw"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "żół",
"2": "wi",
"3": "a",
"noms": "żółw"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "żółwio"
},
{
"word": "żółwiowo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"sea turtle (any turtle that inhabits oceans)"
],
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"sea turtle",
"sea turtle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "żółw morski"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"tortoise (any of various land-dwelling reptiles, of the family Testudinidae or the order Testudines, whose body is enclosed in a shell (carapace plus plastron))"
],
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"tortoise",
"tortoise"
],
[
"Testudinidae",
"Testudinidae#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "żółw lądowy"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"turtle (any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body)",
"terrapin (any of several small turtles native to North America that live in brackish or fresh water)"
],
"links": [
[
"turtle",
"turtle"
],
[
"Testudines",
"Testudines#Translingual"
],
[
"terrapin",
"terrapin"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "terapena"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐuwf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐoɫfʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uwf"
},
{
"homophone": "Żółw"
}
],
"word": "żółw"
}
Download raw JSONL data for żółw meaning in All languages combined (10.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.