See پرچم in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "pərçəm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: pərçəm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: pərçəm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "پَرْچَم"
},
"expansion": "parcam",
"name": "xlit"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi-mid",
"2": "پرچم<ts:parcam>",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Hindi: پرچم (prcm /parcam/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Hindi: پرچم (prcm /parcam/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "پَرْچَم"
},
"expansion": "parcam",
"name": "xlit"
}
],
"text": "Hindustani: parcam"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "परचम"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: परचम",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: परचम"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "پَرْچَم"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: پَرْچَم",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: پَرْچَم"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "پرچم",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "perçem"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پرچم (perçem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پرچم (perçem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "perçem",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "> Turkish: perçem (inherited)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "> Turkish: perçem (inherited)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "perciune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: perciune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: perciune"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "trk-ogz",
"nocap": "y"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Oghuz",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "bičkám",
"t": "horse or goat tail"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi bičkám (“horse or goat tail”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Early attestations in Persian include Anvārī and Khāqānī from the mid-1100s.\nA Wanderwort of unknown origin, but probably immediately borrowed from Oghuz. The Arabic-Turkic dictionary Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk, written in 1074, gives [script needed] (berčem) as the Oghuz word for \"the tail of a wild ox that warriors wear on the day of battle,\" with [script needed] (bečkem) as the Karakhanid equivalent. Compare Wakhi bičkám (“horse or goat tail”).\nThe original meaning is \"hair on the yak-tail standard\", identical to the Turkic meaning. For unclear reasons, this word was promoted over existing words for \"flag,\" including both the Arabic loan علم (alam) and the native word درفش (derafš), during the early twentieth-century language purification reforms. It is now the most common word for \"flag\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parčam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "پرچمها",
"roman": "parčam-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "پرچمها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "parčam-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "parčam",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "پرچم • (parčam) (plural پرچمها (parčam-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "پرچمها",
"tr": "parčam"
},
"expansion": "پرچم • (parčam) (plural پرچمها (parčam-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the Iranian flag, the flag of Iran",
"roman": "parčam-e irân",
"text": "پرچم ایران",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flag; banner"
],
"id": "en-پرچم-fa-noun-KE~cpVLY",
"links": [
[
"flag",
"flag"
],
[
"banner",
"banner"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "درفش"
},
{
"word": "بیرق"
},
{
"word": "رایت"
},
{
"word": "علم"
},
{
"word": "لوا"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 89 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 89 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 85 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In your triumphal march, the ringlets of night's hair\nAre yak tails on the lances of your servants.",
"ref": "c. 1180, Anvārī, “Qaṣīda 128”, in دیوان انوری [Dīvān of Anvārī]:",
"roman": "dar kawkaba-yi tu turra-yi šab\nbar nēza-yi bandagān-at parčam",
"text": "در کوکبهٔ تو طرهٔ شب\nبر نیزهٔ بندگانت پرچم",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yak or horse tail hair hung on the tuğ of nomadic armies"
],
"id": "en-پرچم-fa-noun--w2kFpMk",
"links": [
[
"yak",
"yak"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"tail",
"tail"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"nomad",
"nomad"
],
[
"armies",
"army"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) yak or horse tail hair hung on the tuğ of nomadic armies"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"lock of hair fluttering over the forehead"
],
"id": "en-پرچم-fa-noun-We61AA8v",
"links": [
[
"lock",
"lock"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"flutter",
"flutter"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, figurative) lock of hair fluttering over the forehead"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[paɾ.ˈt͡ʃam]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰæɹ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Anvari",
"Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk",
"Karakhanid language",
"Khaqani",
"fa:پرچم"
],
"word": "پرچم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Oghuz languages",
"Persian terms derived from Oghuz languages",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "pərçəm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: pərçəm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: pərçəm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "پَرْچَم"
},
"expansion": "parcam",
"name": "xlit"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi-mid",
"2": "پرچم<ts:parcam>",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Hindi: پرچم (prcm /parcam/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Hindi: پرچم (prcm /parcam/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "پَرْچَم"
},
"expansion": "parcam",
"name": "xlit"
}
],
"text": "Hindustani: parcam"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "परचम"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: परचम",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: परचम"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "پَرْچَم"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: پَرْچَم",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: پَرْچَم"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "پرچم",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "perçem"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پرچم (perçem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پرچم (perçem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "perçem",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "> Turkish: perçem (inherited)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "> Turkish: perçem (inherited)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "perciune",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: perciune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: perciune"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "trk-ogz",
"nocap": "y"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Oghuz",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "bičkám",
"t": "horse or goat tail"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi bičkám (“horse or goat tail”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Early attestations in Persian include Anvārī and Khāqānī from the mid-1100s.\nA Wanderwort of unknown origin, but probably immediately borrowed from Oghuz. The Arabic-Turkic dictionary Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk, written in 1074, gives [script needed] (berčem) as the Oghuz word for \"the tail of a wild ox that warriors wear on the day of battle,\" with [script needed] (bečkem) as the Karakhanid equivalent. Compare Wakhi bičkám (“horse or goat tail”).\nThe original meaning is \"hair on the yak-tail standard\", identical to the Turkic meaning. For unclear reasons, this word was promoted over existing words for \"flag,\" including both the Arabic loan علم (alam) and the native word درفش (derafš), during the early twentieth-century language purification reforms. It is now the most common word for \"flag\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parčam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "پرچمها",
"roman": "parčam-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "پرچمها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "parčam-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "parčam",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "پرچم • (parčam) (plural پرچمها (parčam-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "پرچمها",
"tr": "parčam"
},
"expansion": "پرچم • (parčam) (plural پرچمها (parčam-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the Iranian flag, the flag of Iran",
"roman": "parčam-e irân",
"text": "پرچم ایران",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flag; banner"
],
"links": [
[
"flag",
"flag"
],
[
"banner",
"banner"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "درفش"
},
{
"word": "بیرق"
},
{
"word": "رایت"
},
{
"word": "علم"
},
{
"word": "لوا"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with obsolete senses",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In your triumphal march, the ringlets of night's hair\nAre yak tails on the lances of your servants.",
"ref": "c. 1180, Anvārī, “Qaṣīda 128”, in دیوان انوری [Dīvān of Anvārī]:",
"roman": "dar kawkaba-yi tu turra-yi šab\nbar nēza-yi bandagān-at parčam",
"text": "در کوکبهٔ تو طرهٔ شب\nبر نیزهٔ بندگانت پرچم",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yak or horse tail hair hung on the tuğ of nomadic armies"
],
"links": [
[
"yak",
"yak"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"tail",
"tail"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"nomad",
"nomad"
],
[
"armies",
"army"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) yak or horse tail hair hung on the tuğ of nomadic armies"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"lock of hair fluttering over the forehead"
],
"links": [
[
"lock",
"lock"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"flutter",
"flutter"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, figurative) lock of hair fluttering over the forehead"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[paɾ.ˈt͡ʃam]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰæɹ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Anvari",
"Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk",
"Karakhanid language",
"Khaqani",
"fa:پرچم"
],
"word": "پرچم"
}
Download raw JSONL data for پرچم meaning in Persian (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.