See شام in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "şam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: şam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: şam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "شام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "shām"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: شام (shām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: شام (shām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "शाम"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: शाम (śām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: शाम (śām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "شام",
"tr": "śām"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: شام (śām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: شام (śām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "şâm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khalaj: şâm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khalaj: şâm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "شام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "şâm"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: شام (şâm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: شام (şâm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "şam"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: şam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: şam"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ira-pro>*xšáfnyah>evening",
"id": "dinner",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Iranian *xšáfnyah.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Iranian *xšáfnyah.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "šâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "šâm",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "شام • (šâm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "šâm"
},
"expansion": "شام • (šâm)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "šab",
"word": "شب"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What do we have for dinner?",
"roman": "barâ-ye šâm či dârim?",
"text": "برای شام چی داریم؟ (more literary)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "What do we have for dinner?",
"roman": "šâm či dârim?",
"text": "شام چی داریم؟ (more colloquial)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dinner, supper (evening meal)"
],
"id": "en-شام-fa-noun-EOSFykwu",
"links": [
[
"dinner",
"dinner"
],
[
"supper",
"supper"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"dusk"
],
"id": "en-شام-fa-noun-Ka74MZWy",
"links": [
[
"dusk",
"dusk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) dusk"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"evening"
],
"id": "en-شام-fa-noun-5b0IAdEO",
"links": [
[
"evening",
"evening"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) evening"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "عصر"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɔːm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɒːm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɔm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:شام"
],
"word": "شام"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "شام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "śām"
},
"expansion": "→ Urdu: شام (śām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Urdu: شام (śām)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "bor",
"3": "ar>شَام>Damascus",
"id": "Damascus",
"text": "+"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic شَام (šām).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic شَام (šām).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "šâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"id": "",
"tr": "šâm",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": "",
"tr4": ""
},
"expansion": "شام • (šâm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "šâm"
},
"expansion": "شام • (šâm)",
"name": "fa-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Regions of Asia",
"orig": "fa:Regions of Asia",
"parents": [
"Regions",
"Places",
"Asia",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 64 20 4 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 0 0 0 7 0 0 1 3 4 0 0 0 0 14 4 0 1 1 1 13 1 13 1 13 1 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 18 4 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology texts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 20 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This sign and this information lies in the direction of Syria: you will see it as you pass on the way to Jerusalem.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 89:",
"roman": "suy-e šâm-ast in nešân o in xabar / dar rah-e qods-aš be-bini dar gozar",
"text": "سوی شامست این نشان و این خبر / در ره قدسش ببینی در گذر",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia)"
],
"id": "en-شام-fa-name-qe5Hq~Xh",
"links": [
[
"Greater Syria",
"Greater Syria#English"
],
[
"Levant",
"Levant#English"
],
[
"Western Asia",
"Western Asia#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Cities in Syria",
"orig": "fa:Cities in Syria",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "National capitals",
"orig": "fa:National capitals",
"parents": [
"Capital cities",
"Cities",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Places in Syria",
"orig": "fa:Places in Syria",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Damascus (the capital city of Syria)"
],
"id": "en-شام-fa-name-naMt~VnI",
"links": [
[
"Damascus",
"Damascus#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Syria",
"Syria#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "دمشق"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɔːm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɒːm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɔm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:شام"
],
"word": "شام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with etymology texts",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian proper nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Persian terms derived from Arabic",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "şam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: şam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: şam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "شام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "shām"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: شام (shām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: شام (shām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "शाम"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: शाम (śām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: शाम (śām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "شام",
"tr": "śām"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: شام (śām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: شام (śām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "şâm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khalaj: şâm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khalaj: şâm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "شام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "şâm"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: شام (şâm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: شام (şâm)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "şam"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: şam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: şam"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ira-pro>*xšáfnyah>evening",
"id": "dinner",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Iranian *xšáfnyah.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Iranian *xšáfnyah.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "šâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "šâm",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "شام • (šâm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "šâm"
},
"expansion": "شام • (šâm)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "šab",
"word": "شب"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What do we have for dinner?",
"roman": "barâ-ye šâm či dârim?",
"text": "برای شام چی داریم؟ (more literary)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "What do we have for dinner?",
"roman": "šâm či dârim?",
"text": "شام چی داریم؟ (more colloquial)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dinner, supper (evening meal)"
],
"links": [
[
"dinner",
"dinner"
],
[
"supper",
"supper"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"dusk"
],
"links": [
[
"dusk",
"dusk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) dusk"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"evening"
],
"links": [
[
"evening",
"evening"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) evening"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "عصر"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɔːm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɒːm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɔm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:شام"
],
"word": "شام"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with etymology texts",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian proper nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Persian terms derived from Arabic",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "شام",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "śām"
},
"expansion": "→ Urdu: شام (śām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Urdu: شام (śām)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "bor",
"3": "ar>شَام>Damascus",
"id": "Damascus",
"text": "+"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic شَام (šām).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic شَام (šām).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "šâm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"id": "",
"tr": "šâm",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": "",
"tr4": ""
},
"expansion": "شام • (šâm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "šâm"
},
"expansion": "شام • (šâm)",
"name": "fa-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with quotations",
"fa:Regions of Asia"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This sign and this information lies in the direction of Syria: you will see it as you pass on the way to Jerusalem.",
"ref": "c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 89:",
"roman": "suy-e šâm-ast in nešân o in xabar / dar rah-e qods-aš be-bini dar gozar",
"text": "سوی شامست این نشان و این خبر / در ره قدسش ببینی در گذر",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia)"
],
"links": [
[
"Greater Syria",
"Greater Syria#English"
],
[
"Levant",
"Levant#English"
],
[
"Western Asia",
"Western Asia#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"fa:Cities in Syria",
"fa:National capitals",
"fa:Places in Syria"
],
"glosses": [
"Damascus (the capital city of Syria)"
],
"links": [
[
"Damascus",
"Damascus#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Syria",
"Syria#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "دمشق"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɑːm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɔːm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɒːm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃɔm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:شام"
],
"word": "شام"
}
Download raw JSONL data for شام meaning in Persian (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.