See دوش in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "fr",
"3": "douche"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French douche",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French douche.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dūš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "dūš /duš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dūš /duš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "dūš /duš"
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dūš /duš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "dūš giriftan / duš gereftan",
"word": "دوش گرفتن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shower (bathing)"
],
"id": "en-دوش-fa-noun-Q5nEJh~~",
"links": [
[
"shower",
"shower"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[d̪uːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "دوش"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "dwš",
"ts": "dōš"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dwš /dōš/)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱",
"t": "forearm"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱 (daoš, “forearm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"tr": "dauš"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (dauš)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dáwš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dáwš",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dáwš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáwš",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dóws",
"4": "",
"5": "forearm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dóws (“forearm”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दोषन्",
"t": "forearm"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दोषन् (doṣan, “forearm”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dwš /dōš/) (cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱 (daoš, “forearm”)), from Old Persian [script needed] (dauš), from Proto-Iranian *dáwš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáwš, from Proto-Indo-European *dóws (“forearm”) Cognate with Sanskrit दोषन् (doṣan, “forearm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dōš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "dōš /duš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dōš /duš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "dōš /duš"
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dōš /duš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ba dōš giriftan / be duš gereftan",
"word": "به دوش گرفتن"
},
{
"roman": "dōš dādan / duš dâdan",
"word": "دوش دادن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shoulder"
],
"id": "en-دوش-fa-noun-ifRdTIFy",
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "شانه"
},
{
"word": "کتف"
},
{
"word": "سفت"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[doːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʊːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪uːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɵʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "دوش"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dawšáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dawšáH",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dowséh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dowséh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱",
"t": "night, last night"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱 (daoš, “night, last night”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दोषा",
"t": "darkness; night"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दोषा (doṣā, “darkness; night”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dawšáH, from Proto-Indo-European *dowséh₂. Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱 (daoš, “night, last night”) and Sanskrit दोषा (doṣā, “darkness; night”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dōš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "adverb",
"tr": "dōš /duš"
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dōš /duš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "73 25 0 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "fa:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"last night"
],
"id": "en-دوش-fa-adv-i2S-nVmX",
"links": [
[
"last night",
"last night"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "parandōš / paranduš",
"word": "پرندوش"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "دیشب"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[doːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʊːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪uːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɵʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "دوش"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"tr": "*dáuxšatiy"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (*dáuxšatiy)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dáwxšati",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dáwxšati (“to milk”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Persian [script needed] (*dáuxšatiy), from Proto-Iranian *dáwxšati (“to milk”); see there for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dōš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "verb form",
"tr": "dōš /duš"
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dōš /duš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 15 0 51 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "dušidan, “to milk”",
"word": "دوشیدن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present stem form of دوشیدن (dušidan, “to milk”)"
],
"id": "en-دوش-fa-verb-mb1uh7mX",
"links": [
[
"دوشیدن",
"دوشیدن#Persian"
],
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(duxtan, “(archaic) to milk”)",
"word": "دوختن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present stem form of دوختن (duxtan, “(archaic) to milk”)"
],
"id": "en-دوش-fa-verb-qRaLKyTo",
"links": [
[
"دوختن",
"دوختن#Persian"
],
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"stem"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[doːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʊːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪uːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɵʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "دوش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian non-lemma forms",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from French",
"Persian terms derived from French",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian verb forms",
"Requests for native script for Old Persian terms",
"fa:Anatomy"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "dūš giriftan / duš gereftan",
"word": "دوش گرفتن"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "fr",
"3": "douche"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French douche",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French douche.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dūš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "dūš /duš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dūš /duš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "dūš /duš"
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dūš /duš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shower (bathing)"
],
"links": [
[
"shower",
"shower"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[d̪uːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "دوش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian non-lemma forms",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian verb forms",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Persian terms",
"fa:Anatomy"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ba dōš giriftan / be duš gereftan",
"word": "به دوش گرفتن"
},
{
"roman": "dōš dādan / duš dâdan",
"word": "دوش دادن"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "dwš",
"ts": "dōš"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dwš /dōš/)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱",
"t": "forearm"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱 (daoš, “forearm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"tr": "dauš"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (dauš)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dáwš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dáwš",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dáwš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáwš",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dóws",
"4": "",
"5": "forearm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dóws (“forearm”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दोषन्",
"t": "forearm"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दोषन् (doṣan, “forearm”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dwš /dōš/) (cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱 (daoš, “forearm”)), from Old Persian [script needed] (dauš), from Proto-Iranian *dáwš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáwš, from Proto-Indo-European *dóws (“forearm”) Cognate with Sanskrit दोषन् (doṣan, “forearm”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dōš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "dōš /duš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dōš /duš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "dōš /duš"
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dōš /duš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shoulder"
],
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "شانه"
},
{
"word": "کتف"
},
{
"word": "سفت"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[doːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʊːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪uːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɵʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "دوش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian adverbs",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian non-lemma forms",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian verb forms",
"Requests for native script for Old Persian terms",
"fa:Anatomy"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dawšáH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dawšáH",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dowséh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dowséh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱",
"t": "night, last night"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱 (daoš, “night, last night”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दोषा",
"t": "darkness; night"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दोषा (doṣā, “darkness; night”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dawšáH, from Proto-Indo-European *dowséh₂. Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱 (daoš, “night, last night”) and Sanskrit दोषा (doṣā, “darkness; night”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dōš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "adverb",
"tr": "dōš /duš"
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dōš /duš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"roman": "parandōš / paranduš",
"word": "پرندوش"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"last night"
],
"links": [
[
"last night",
"last night"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "دیشب"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[doːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʊːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪uːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɵʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "دوش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian non-lemma forms",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian verb forms",
"Requests for native script for Old Persian terms",
"fa:Anatomy"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"tr": "*dáuxšatiy"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (*dáuxšatiy)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dáwxšati",
"t": "to milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dáwxšati (“to milk”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Persian [script needed] (*dáuxšatiy), from Proto-Iranian *dáwxšati (“to milk”); see there for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dōš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "verb form",
"tr": "dōš /duš"
},
"expansion": "دوش • (dōš /duš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "dušidan, “to milk”",
"word": "دوشیدن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present stem form of دوشیدن (dušidan, “to milk”)"
],
"links": [
[
"دوشیدن",
"دوشیدن#Persian"
],
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(duxtan, “(archaic) to milk”)",
"word": "دوختن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present stem form of دوختن (duxtan, “(archaic) to milk”)"
],
"links": [
[
"دوختن",
"دوختن#Persian"
],
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"stem"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[doːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪oːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ʊːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪uːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɵʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "دوش"
}
Download raw JSONL data for دوش meaning in Persian (9.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (142890b and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.