"ابر" meaning in Persian

See ابر in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ʔaβɾ] [Classical-Persian], [ʔäbɾ] [Dari, formal], [ʔäbɾ] [Dari, formal], [ʔäbɾ] [Kabuli], [ʔäbɾ] (note: Hazaragi), [ʔæbɹ] [Iran, formal], [ʔäbɾ] [Tajik, formal] Audio: Fa-ابر.ogg Forms: abr [romanization], ابرها [plural]
Etymology: From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbl), [script needed] (ʾp̄l /⁠abr⁠/, “cloud”), from Proto-Iranian *abráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra), Sanskrit अभ्र (abhra), Latin imber and Ancient Greek ἀφρός (aphrós). Etymology templates: {{der|fa|pal||tr=ʾbl}} Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbl), {{m|pal||t=cloud|tr=ʾp̄l|ts=abr}} [script needed] (ʾp̄l /⁠abr⁠/, “cloud”), {{inh|fa|ira-pro|*abráh}} Proto-Iranian *abráh, {{inh|fa|iir-pro|*abʰrás}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás, {{inh|fa|ine-pro|*n̥bʰrós}} Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós, {{cog|ae|𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀}} Avestan 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra), {{cog|sa|अभ्र}} Sanskrit अभ्र (abhra), {{cog|la|imber}} Latin imber, {{cog|grc|ἀφρός}} Ancient Greek ἀφρός (aphrós) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|plural|ابرها|||||f1tr=abr-hâ|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=|head2=|head3=|tr=abr|tr2=|tr3=}} ابر • (abr) (plural ابرها (abr-hâ)), {{fa-noun|pl=ابرها|tr=abr}} ابر • (abr) (plural ابرها (abr-hâ))
  1. cloud
    Sense id: en-ابر-fa-noun-VmgQELdT
  2. a branch of Persian miniature
    Sense id: en-ابر-fa-noun-d267QL8d Categories (other): Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters, Persian entries with incorrect language header, Persian prepositions Disambiguation of Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters: 3 58 8 31 Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 1 85 3 11 Disambiguation of Persian prepositions: 1 82 3 14
  3. sponge (a piece of porous material used for washing)
    Sense id: en-ابر-fa-noun-StY8yJDs
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ابری (abri), ابر و باد (abr-o-bâd), ابرسازی (abr-sâzi), ابر چینی (abr-e čini), ابرناک (abrnâk), ابرک (abrak)
Etymology number: 1

Preposition

IPA: [ʔa.βaɾ] [Classical-Persian], [ʔä.bäɾ] [Dari, formal], [ʔä.bäɾ] [Dari, formal], [ʔä.bäɾ] [Kabuli], [ʔä.bäɾ] (note: Hazaragi), [ʔæ.bæɹ] [Iran, formal], [ʔä.bäɾ] [Tajik, formal] Forms: abar [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Persian 𐭬𐭣𐭬 (mdm /⁠abar⁠/) (whence also بر (bar)), from Proto-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-European *upér. Cognates include English over, Latin super (whence English super), Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old Armenian վեր (ver), German über, Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upaⁱri). Etymology templates: {{inh|fa|pal|𐭬𐭣𐭬|ts=abar}} Middle Persian 𐭬𐭣𐭬 (mdm /⁠abar⁠/), {{m|fa|بر|tr=bar}} بر (bar), {{inh|fa|ira-pro|*upári}} Proto-Iranian *upári, {{inh|fa|iir-pro|*upári}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, {{inh|fa|ine-pro|*upér}} Proto-Indo-European *upér, {{cog|en|over}} English over, {{cog|la|super}} Latin super, {{cog|en|super}} English super, {{cog|grc|ὑπέρ}} Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), {{cog|xcl|վեր}} Old Armenian վեր (ver), {{cog|de|über}} German über, {{cog|ae|𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌}} Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upaⁱri) Head templates: {{head|fa|preposition|tr=abar}} ابر • (abar)
  1. A prefix roughly equivalent to English super-, English over-
    Sense id: en-ابر-fa-prep-kKffxZh4
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for ابر meaning in Persian (7.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "abri",
      "word": "ابری"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "abr-o-bâd",
      "word": "ابر و باد"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "abr-sâzi",
      "word": "ابرسازی"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "abr-e čini",
      "word": "ابر چینی"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "abrnâk",
      "word": "ابرناک"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "abrak",
      "word": "ابرک"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "əbr",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: əbr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Azerbaijani: əbr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "আবর",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bengali: আবর (abor)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bengali: আবর (abor)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "अब्र",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "abr"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: अब्र (abr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: अब्र (abr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "ابر",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "abr"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Urdu: ابر (abr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Urdu: ابر (abr)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "",
        "tr": "ʾbl"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbl)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "",
        "t": "cloud",
        "tr": "ʾp̄l",
        "ts": "abr"
      },
      "expansion": "[script needed] (ʾp̄l /⁠abr⁠/, “cloud”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*abráh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *abráh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*abʰrás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*n̥bʰrós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "अभ्र"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit अभ्र (abhra)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "imber"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin imber",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀφρός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀφρός (aphrós)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbl), [script needed] (ʾp̄l /⁠abr⁠/, “cloud”), from Proto-Iranian *abráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós.\nCognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra), Sanskrit अभ्र (abhra), Latin imber and Ancient Greek ἀφρός (aphrós).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "abr",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ابرها",
      "roman": "abr-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "ابرها",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "abr-hâ",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "abr",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ابر • (abr) (plural ابرها (abr-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "ابرها",
        "tr": "abr"
      },
      "expansion": "ابر • (abr) (plural ابرها (abr-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cloud"
      ],
      "id": "en-ابر-fa-noun-VmgQELdT",
      "links": [
        [
          "cloud",
          "cloud"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 58 8 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 85 3 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 82 3 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a branch of Persian miniature"
      ],
      "id": "en-ابر-fa-noun-d267QL8d",
      "links": [
        [
          "Persian",
          "Persian"
        ],
        [
          "miniature",
          "miniature"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sponge (a piece of porous material used for washing)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ابر-fa-noun-StY8yJDs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sponge",
          "sponge"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔaβɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔæbɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fa-ابر.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Fa-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1.ogg/Fa-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Fa-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "fa:ابر"
  ],
  "word": "ابر"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "𐭬𐭣𐭬",
        "ts": "abar"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭬𐭣𐭬 (mdm /⁠abar⁠/)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "بر",
        "tr": "bar"
      },
      "expansion": "بر (bar)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*upári"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *upári",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*upári"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*upér"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *upér",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "over"
      },
      "expansion": "English over",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "super"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin super",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "super"
      },
      "expansion": "English super",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὑπέρ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "վեր"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian վեր (ver)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "über"
      },
      "expansion": "German über",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upaⁱri)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭬𐭣𐭬 (mdm /⁠abar⁠/) (whence also بر (bar)), from Proto-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-European *upér.\nCognates include English over, Latin super (whence English super), Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old Armenian վեր (ver), German über, Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upaⁱri).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "abar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "preposition",
        "tr": "abar"
      },
      "expansion": "ابر • (abar)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ابر (abar, “super”) + قدرت (qodrat, “power”) = ابرقدرت (abarqodrat, “superpower”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A prefix roughly equivalent to English super-, English over-"
      ],
      "id": "en-ابر-fa-prep-kKffxZh4",
      "links": [
        [
          "super-",
          "super-#English"
        ],
        [
          "over-",
          "over-#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔa.βaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔæ.bæɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ابر"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian prepositions",
    "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Persian terms with audio links",
    "Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "abri",
      "word": "ابری"
    },
    {
      "roman": "abr-o-bâd",
      "word": "ابر و باد"
    },
    {
      "roman": "abr-sâzi",
      "word": "ابرسازی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "abr-e čini",
      "word": "ابر چینی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "abrnâk",
      "word": "ابرناک"
    },
    {
      "roman": "abrak",
      "word": "ابرک"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "əbr",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: əbr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Azerbaijani: əbr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "আবর",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bengali: আবর (abor)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bengali: আবর (abor)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "अब्र",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "abr"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: अब्र (abr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: अब्र (abr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "ابر",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "abr"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Urdu: ابر (abr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Urdu: ابر (abr)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "",
        "tr": "ʾbl"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbl)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "",
        "t": "cloud",
        "tr": "ʾp̄l",
        "ts": "abr"
      },
      "expansion": "[script needed] (ʾp̄l /⁠abr⁠/, “cloud”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*abráh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *abráh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*abʰrás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*n̥bʰrós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "अभ्र"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit अभ्र (abhra)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "imber"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin imber",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀφρός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀφρός (aphrós)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbl), [script needed] (ʾp̄l /⁠abr⁠/, “cloud”), from Proto-Iranian *abráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós.\nCognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra), Sanskrit अभ्र (abhra), Latin imber and Ancient Greek ἀφρός (aphrós).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "abr",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ابرها",
      "roman": "abr-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "ابرها",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "abr-hâ",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "abr",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ابر • (abr) (plural ابرها (abr-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "ابرها",
        "tr": "abr"
      },
      "expansion": "ابر • (abr) (plural ابرها (abr-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cloud"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cloud",
          "cloud"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a branch of Persian miniature"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Persian",
          "Persian"
        ],
        [
          "miniature",
          "miniature"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sponge (a piece of porous material used for washing)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sponge",
          "sponge"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔaβɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔæbɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäbɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fa-ابر.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Fa-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1.ogg/Fa-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Fa-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "fa:ابر"
  ],
  "word": "ابر"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian prepositions",
    "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "𐭬𐭣𐭬",
        "ts": "abar"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭬𐭣𐭬 (mdm /⁠abar⁠/)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "بر",
        "tr": "bar"
      },
      "expansion": "بر (bar)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*upári"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *upári",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*upári"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*upér"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *upér",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "over"
      },
      "expansion": "English over",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "super"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin super",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "super"
      },
      "expansion": "English super",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὑπέρ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "վեր"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian վեր (ver)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "über"
      },
      "expansion": "German über",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upaⁱri)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭬𐭣𐭬 (mdm /⁠abar⁠/) (whence also بر (bar)), from Proto-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-European *upér.\nCognates include English over, Latin super (whence English super), Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old Armenian վեր (ver), German über, Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upaⁱri).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "abar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "preposition",
        "tr": "abar"
      },
      "expansion": "ابر • (abar)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ابر (abar, “super”) + قدرت (qodrat, “power”) = ابرقدرت (abarqodrat, “superpower”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A prefix roughly equivalent to English super-, English over-"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "super-",
          "super-#English"
        ],
        [
          "over-",
          "over-#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔa.βaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔæ.bæɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.bäɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ابر"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.