See kamma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "okāsakamma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "parikamma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pātukamma"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ကံ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Burmese: ကံ (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Burmese: ကံ (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "កម្ម",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khmer: កម្ម (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khmer: កម្ម (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ກຳ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lao: ກຳ (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lao: ກຳ (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "กรรม",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: กรรม (gam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: กรรม (gam)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कर्मन्",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "kárman",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कर्मन्",
"tr": "kárman"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "inc-pro",
"3": "*kárma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *kárma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*kárma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *kárma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷer-",
"4": "",
"5": "to do, make"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mah",
"2": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫"
},
"expansion": "Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kárma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kárma, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make”). Cognate with Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kammaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammunā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammanā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammuno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammunā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammanā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammuno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kammāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "kamma n",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kamma",
"abls2": "kammunā",
"abls3": "kammanā",
"abls_mod": "after",
"dats": "kammuno",
"dats_mod": "after",
"g": "n",
"gens": "kammuno",
"gens_mod": "after",
"inss1": "kammā",
"inss2": "kammunā",
"inss3": "kammanā",
"inss_mod": "after",
"nomp": "kammā",
"nomp_mod": "after"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 11 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 12 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 15 26 18 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "trade",
"text": "vāṇijakamma",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a sin",
"text": "pāpakamma",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"doing, deed, action"
],
"id": "en-kamma-pi-noun-wbFXEI~q",
"links": [
[
"doing",
"doing"
],
[
"deed",
"deed"
],
[
"action",
"action"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 11 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 12 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 15 26 18 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be employed",
"text": "kammaṃ karoti",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work, occupation"
],
"id": "en-kamma-pi-noun-NXLyVUEK",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"occupation",
"occupation"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pi",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "pi:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pi",
"name": "Hinduism",
"orig": "pi:Hinduism",
"parents": [
"India",
"Religion",
"Countries",
"Countries in Asia",
"Culture",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Asia",
"Society",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 11 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 12 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 15 26 18 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"karma"
],
"id": "en-kamma-pi-noun-bUue5iAo",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"Hinduism",
"Hinduism"
],
[
"karma",
"karma"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism, Hinduism) karma"
],
"tags": [
"Hinduism",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 11 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 12 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 15 26 18 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ceremony"
],
"id": "en-kamma-pi-noun-Czp7i53L",
"links": [
[
"ceremony",
"ceremony"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 11 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 12 13 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 15 26 18 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"building; weaving (action of)"
],
"id": "en-kamma-pi-noun-hh6vjc4p",
"links": [
[
"building",
"building"
],
[
"weaving",
"weaving"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) building; weaving (action of)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "kamma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali lemmas",
"Pali neuter nouns",
"Pali nouns",
"Pali nouns in Latin script",
"Pali terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"Pali terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pali terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Pali terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Pali terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷer-",
"Pali terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"Pali terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Pali terms inherited from Sanskrit"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "okāsakamma"
},
{
"word": "parikamma"
},
{
"word": "pātukamma"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ကံ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Burmese: ကံ (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Burmese: ကံ (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "កម្ម",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khmer: កម្ម (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khmer: កម្ម (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ກຳ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lao: ກຳ (kam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lao: ກຳ (kam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "กรรม",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: กรรม (gam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: กรรม (gam)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कर्मन्",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "kárman",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कर्मन्",
"tr": "kárman"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "inc-pro",
"3": "*kárma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *kárma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*kárma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *kárma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷer-",
"4": "",
"5": "to do, make"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mah",
"2": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫"
},
"expansion": "Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kárma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kárma, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make”). Cognate with Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kammaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammunā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammanā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammuno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammunā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammanā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammuno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kammasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kammesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kammāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "kamma n",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kamma",
"abls2": "kammunā",
"abls3": "kammanā",
"abls_mod": "after",
"dats": "kammuno",
"dats_mod": "after",
"g": "n",
"gens": "kammuno",
"gens_mod": "after",
"inss1": "kammā",
"inss2": "kammunā",
"inss3": "kammanā",
"inss_mod": "after",
"nomp": "kammā",
"nomp_mod": "after"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pali terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "trade",
"text": "vāṇijakamma",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a sin",
"text": "pāpakamma",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"doing, deed, action"
],
"links": [
[
"doing",
"doing"
],
[
"deed",
"deed"
],
[
"action",
"action"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Pali terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be employed",
"text": "kammaṃ karoti",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work, occupation"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"occupation",
"occupation"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pi:Buddhism",
"pi:Hinduism"
],
"glosses": [
"karma"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"Hinduism",
"Hinduism"
],
[
"karma",
"karma"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism, Hinduism) karma"
],
"tags": [
"Hinduism",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ceremony"
],
"links": [
[
"ceremony",
"ceremony"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Pali terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"building; weaving (action of)"
],
"links": [
[
"building",
"building"
],
[
"weaving",
"weaving"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) building; weaving (action of)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "kamma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kamma meaning in Pali (7.2kB)
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Pali dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.