See umieć in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "umiejący"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "umiejętny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "umienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozumieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zumieć"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "umieć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: umieć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: umieć"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "umieć"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: umieć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: umieć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*uměti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *uměti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*uměti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *uměti",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "um",
"3": "-eć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, um + -eć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *uměti. By surface analysis, um + -eć. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "umieć impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nierozumny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nieumiejący"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nieumiejętny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nieumiętny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "przezrozumny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "przezumny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozumny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zumiały"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nierozumnie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozumnie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "niedorozumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nieporozumność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nierozumność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nieumiejętność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nieumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nieumieństwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nieumiętność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "porozumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "przezumność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozumek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozumność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "um"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "umiejętność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "urozumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zrozumianie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zrozumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dorozumieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "porozumieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "urozumieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wzrozumieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zrozumieć"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 145:",
"text": "Thy, ktory czczysz, bacz, poprawyay, yestly vmyesz, iestly nye vmyesz, day pokoy... Sz kthorych telko thym, ktorzy lepyey vmyeya, dawam... szye poprawyacz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 88, 15:",
"text": "Blogoslawoni lud, iensze vme spewane (qui scit iubilationem)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 21:",
"text": "Wstawyami, aby ryczerz kazdi... pod pewną... chorangwyą... staal, yszbi... vmyaal myestcze wząncz (ut... sciat capere locum) pewne kv obronye szwey chorąngwye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know; to know how (to have knowledge on, to understand)"
],
"id": "en-umieć-zlw-opl-verb-AsRcxV9W",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "inf<to do what>"
},
"expansion": "[with infinitive ‘to do what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"infinitive",
"‘to",
"do",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; attested in Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Masovia) to know; to know how (to have knowledge on, to understand) [with infinitive ‘to do what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 33 16 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 31 15 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -eć",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1892 [1484], Hieronim Łopaciński, editor, Reguła trzeciego zakonu św. Franciszka i drobniejsze zabytki języka polskiego z końca w. XV i początku XVI, Krakow, page 720:",
"text": "Kto nye vmye po laczynye (illiteratus), ma zmovyczi... pyączidziessyąth paczierzy",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know (to speak a language)"
],
"id": "en-umieć-zlw-opl-verb-LtGqXZwy",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":po(loc)<what language>"
},
"expansion": "[with po (+ locative) ‘what language’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"po",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘what",
"language’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to know (to speak a language) [with po (+ locative) ‘what language’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1959 [1444], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 1647, Poznań:",
"text": "Szaffranyecz nye ma othbywacz szadna dawnoscza szemszka, yedno othpowedacz, yako nalepy hwmye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be able to; can, to know how (to have the ability or knowledge to do something)"
],
"id": "en-umieć-zlw-opl-verb-fsgVVdS4",
"links": [
[
"be able to",
"be able to"
],
[
"can",
"can"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) to be able to; can, to know how (to have the ability or knowledge to do something)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"id": "en-umieć-zlw-opl-verb-~Mwf1bvk",
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 49:",
"text": "Cui deus pater ait: Quid miraris, Gabriel? Nonne missus fuisti prius a me ad Zachariam... et omnia dicta tua et promissa habebunt effectum?... Cur ergo ambiis, humyeyesch",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"to doubt"
],
"id": "en-umieć-zlw-opl-verb-f7nOzswa",
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/umjɛt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/umjɛt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "humieć"
}
],
"word": "umieć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish imperfective verbs",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms suffixed with -eć",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "umiejący"
},
{
"word": "umiejętny"
},
{
"word": "umienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozumieć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zumieć"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "umieć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: umieć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: umieć"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "umieć"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: umieć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: umieć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*uměti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *uměti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*uměti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *uměti",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "um",
"3": "-eć"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, um + -eć",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *uměti. By surface analysis, um + -eć. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "umieć impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "nierozumny"
},
{
"word": "nieumiejący"
},
{
"word": "nieumiejętny"
},
{
"word": "nieumiętny"
},
{
"word": "przezrozumny"
},
{
"word": "przezumny"
},
{
"word": "rozumny"
},
{
"word": "zumiały"
},
{
"word": "nierozumnie"
},
{
"word": "rozumnie"
},
{
"word": "niedorozumienie"
},
{
"word": "nieporozumność"
},
{
"word": "nierozumność"
},
{
"word": "nieumiejętność"
},
{
"word": "nieumienie"
},
{
"word": "nieumieństwo"
},
{
"word": "nieumiętność"
},
{
"word": "porozumienie"
},
{
"word": "przezumność"
},
{
"word": "rozum"
},
{
"word": "rozumek"
},
{
"word": "rozumienie"
},
{
"word": "rozumność"
},
{
"word": "um"
},
{
"word": "umiejętność"
},
{
"word": "urozumienie"
},
{
"word": "zrozumianie"
},
{
"word": "zrozumienie"
},
{
"word": "zumienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dorozumieć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "porozumieć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "urozumieć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wzrozumieć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zrozumieć"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 145:",
"text": "Thy, ktory czczysz, bacz, poprawyay, yestly vmyesz, iestly nye vmyesz, day pokoy... Sz kthorych telko thym, ktorzy lepyey vmyeya, dawam... szye poprawyacz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 88, 15:",
"text": "Blogoslawoni lud, iensze vme spewane (qui scit iubilationem)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 21:",
"text": "Wstawyami, aby ryczerz kazdi... pod pewną... chorangwyą... staal, yszbi... vmyaal myestcze wząncz (ut... sciat capere locum) pewne kv obronye szwey chorąngwye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know; to know how (to have knowledge on, to understand)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "inf<to do what>"
},
"expansion": "[with infinitive ‘to do what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"infinitive",
"‘to",
"do",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; attested in Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Masovia) to know; to know how (to have knowledge on, to understand) [with infinitive ‘to do what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1892 [1484], Hieronim Łopaciński, editor, Reguła trzeciego zakonu św. Franciszka i drobniejsze zabytki języka polskiego z końca w. XV i początku XVI, Krakow, page 720:",
"text": "Kto nye vmye po laczynye (illiteratus), ma zmovyczi... pyączidziessyąth paczierzy",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to know (to speak a language)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":po(loc)<what language>"
},
"expansion": "[with po (+ locative) ‘what language’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"po",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘what",
"language’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to know (to speak a language) [with po (+ locative) ‘what language’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1959 [1444], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 1647, Poznań:",
"text": "Szaffranyecz nye ma othbywacz szadna dawnoscza szemszka, yedno othpowedacz, yako nalepy hwmye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be able to; can, to know how (to have the ability or knowledge to do something)"
],
"links": [
[
"be able to",
"be able to"
],
[
"can",
"can"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) to be able to; can, to know how (to have the ability or knowledge to do something)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 49:",
"text": "Cui deus pater ait: Quid miraris, Gabriel? Nonne missus fuisti prius a me ad Zachariam... et omnia dicta tua et promissa habebunt effectum?... Cur ergo ambiis, humyeyesch",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"to doubt"
],
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/umjɛt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/umjɛt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "humieć"
}
],
"word": "umieć"
}
Download raw JSONL data for umieć meaning in Old Polish (7.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"umieć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "umieć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"umieć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "umieć",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.