See towarzysz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "towarzyszny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "towarzyski"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "towarzysz"
},
"expansion": "Polish: towarzysz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: towarzysz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "tŏwarzisz"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: tŏwarzisz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: tŏwarzisz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tovariščь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tovariščь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1391"
},
"expansion": "1391",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1391"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1391",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь. First attested in 1391.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "towarzysz m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "towarzyszka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "towarzyski",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!",
"adj": "towarzyski",
"f": "towarzyszka"
},
"expansion": "towarzysz m animacy unattested (female equivalent towarzyszka, related adjective towarzyski)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "towar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "towarzyskość"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "towarzystwo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 44, 9:",
"text": "Pomazal cze bog... oleiem wesela nad towarzisze twe (prae consortibus tuis)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 31r:",
"text": "Complex […] id est in malo consentiens thovąrzysch",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"companion, friend, comrade (someone who stays with whom in one place, a. situation, participant in joint work, action or play)"
],
"id": "en-towarzysz-zlw-opl-noun-epZ9ZTiF",
"links": [
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
],
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) companion, friend, comrade (someone who stays with whom in one place, a. situation, participant in joint work, action or play)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 75 7 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 41 2 4 4 2 3 2 11 10 1 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 48 2 2 2 1 2 1 12 6 1 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 34, 1:",
"text": "Czy (sc. radźcy) wstąpyly y szebraly szye szwymy (leg. z swymi) towarzyszmy (cum... consodalibus) na wyethnyczą",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lay judge"
],
"id": "en-towarzysz-zlw-opl-noun-tkf7SP4i",
"links": [
[
"lay judge",
"lay judge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1959 [1491], “Teksty polskie z końca XV w.”, in Rafał Leszczyński, editor, Rozprawy Komisji Językowej, volume VII, page 56:",
"text": "Iakosz tho thowarzisze rzemyesla *craweyczkiego... proszily mystrzow swoich..., aby yem mystrzowye racziliby... dopvsczicz, aby yem ych rzemyesla thowarzissom pvske zyczicz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 59:",
"text": "Dwa thowarzysza albo zaky vczona (duo scolares) przy dworze darowal yeden drugyego sz dobrey wolyey",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"journeyman"
],
"id": "en-towarzysz-zlw-opl-noun-jffS0GFj",
"links": [
[
"journeyman",
"journeyman"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1959 [1391], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 254, Poznań:",
"text": "Jaco to czso cantorovemu thouarzisseui pobrano rzeczi, tich Potrassz *vziteka ne ma",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subordinate; helper; accomplice"
],
"id": "en-towarzysz-zlw-opl-noun-vsnkV~sP",
"links": [
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
],
[
"helper",
"helper"
],
[
"accomplice",
"accomplice"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) subordinate; helper; accomplice"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1893 [1497], Konstanty Górski, editor, Historia piechoty polskiej, page 208:",
"text": "Woczyech sz Pyaszkv w kopynyczey szbroy bez barthv. Item thowarzysz yego Myklasch pawesznyk",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subordinate; helper; accomplice",
"foot soldier accompanying mounted knights"
],
"id": "en-towarzysz-zlw-opl-noun--Oudg1ds",
"links": [
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
],
[
"helper",
"helper"
],
[
"accomplice",
"accomplice"
],
[
"foot soldier",
"foot soldier"
],
[
"accompany",
"accompany"
],
[
"mount",
"mount"
],
[
"knight",
"knight"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) subordinate; helper; accomplice",
"foot soldier accompanying mounted knights"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔvar̝iʃ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔvar̝iʃ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "towarzysz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Male people",
"zlw-opl:Male people"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "towarzyszny"
},
{
"word": "towarzyski"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "towarzysz"
},
"expansion": "Polish: towarzysz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: towarzysz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "tŏwarzisz"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: tŏwarzisz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: tŏwarzisz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tovariščь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tovariščь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1391"
},
"expansion": "1391",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1391"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1391",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь. First attested in 1391.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "towarzysz m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "towarzyszka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "towarzyski",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!",
"adj": "towarzyski",
"f": "towarzyszka"
},
"expansion": "towarzysz m animacy unattested (female equivalent towarzyszka, related adjective towarzyski)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "towar"
},
{
"word": "towarzyskość"
},
{
"word": "towarzystwo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 44, 9:",
"text": "Pomazal cze bog... oleiem wesela nad towarzisze twe (prae consortibus tuis)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 31r:",
"text": "Complex […] id est in malo consentiens thovąrzysch",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"companion, friend, comrade (someone who stays with whom in one place, a. situation, participant in joint work, action or play)"
],
"links": [
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
],
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) companion, friend, comrade (someone who stays with whom in one place, a. situation, participant in joint work, action or play)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors, Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages 34, 1:",
"text": "Czy (sc. radźcy) wstąpyly y szebraly szye szwymy (leg. z swymi) towarzyszmy (cum... consodalibus) na wyethnyczą",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lay judge"
],
"links": [
[
"lay judge",
"lay judge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1959 [1491], “Teksty polskie z końca XV w.”, in Rafał Leszczyński, editor, Rozprawy Komisji Językowej, volume VII, page 56:",
"text": "Iakosz tho thowarzisze rzemyesla *craweyczkiego... proszily mystrzow swoich..., aby yem mystrzowye racziliby... dopvsczicz, aby yem ych rzemyesla thowarzissom pvske zyczicz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 59:",
"text": "Dwa thowarzysza albo zaky vczona (duo scolares) przy dworze darowal yeden drugyego sz dobrey wolyey",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"journeyman"
],
"links": [
[
"journeyman",
"journeyman"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1959 [1391], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 254, Poznań:",
"text": "Jaco to czso cantorovemu thouarzisseui pobrano rzeczi, tich Potrassz *vziteka ne ma",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subordinate; helper; accomplice"
],
"links": [
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
],
[
"helper",
"helper"
],
[
"accomplice",
"accomplice"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) subordinate; helper; accomplice"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1893 [1497], Konstanty Górski, editor, Historia piechoty polskiej, page 208:",
"text": "Woczyech sz Pyaszkv w kopynyczey szbroy bez barthv. Item thowarzysz yego Myklasch pawesznyk",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"subordinate; helper; accomplice",
"foot soldier accompanying mounted knights"
],
"links": [
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
],
[
"helper",
"helper"
],
[
"accomplice",
"accomplice"
],
[
"foot soldier",
"foot soldier"
],
[
"accompany",
"accompany"
],
[
"mount",
"mount"
],
[
"knight",
"knight"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) subordinate; helper; accomplice",
"foot soldier accompanying mounted knights"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔvar̝iʃ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔvar̝iʃ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "towarzysz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for towarzysz meaning in Old Polish (6.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'towarzysz m animacy unattested' in 'towarzysz m animacy unattested (female equivalent towarzyszka, related adjective towarzyski)'",
"path": [
"towarzysz"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "towarzysz",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.