See dzierżeć in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dzierżyć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: dzierżyć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: dzierżyć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dьržati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dьržati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dьržati"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dьržati",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1393"
},
"expansion": "1393",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1393"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1393",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dьržati. First attested in 1393.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "dzierżeć impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dzierżący"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dzierżawa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dzierżeć bractwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dzierżeć państwo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 12, 11:",
"text": "Dzerszøøcz lyasky w røku (tenentes baculos in manibus)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 8, 17:",
"text": "Y wzczyøgnøøl Aaron røkøø swø prøøt dzerszøøcz (virgam tenens), y uderzy proch szemsky",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Judith”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 9, 8:",
"text": "Vezrzal na gich zastøpi, a czmi ge znødzili. Dzerszala gløbokoscz nogy gich (tenuit pedes eorum abyssus), a wodi ge wszitki pokrili",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold in one's arms"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-Xk1Ec-Sl",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trzymać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 64:",
"text": "Vtenczass... vzrzy vyelykye svyątlosczy, anyely dzyerzacz dzyeczyątko przed sobą, a ony yey nathychmyast począly slvsycz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 36, 13:",
"text": "A przeto pyøczdzyeszyøt slal *grøgow zlotich, ktore bi dzerszaly opon dzerszadla, abi bil geden stan (unde et quinquaginta fudit circulos aureos, qui morderent cortinarum ansas, et fieret unum tabernaculum)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold up"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-4oIWXCz8",
"links": [
[
"hold up",
"hold up"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 10 37 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 3 4 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 41 3 3 4 3 4 2 3 3 2 4 3 2 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 62:",
"text": "Iozeph... rzekl yey: Szyedzy, dzyerzy klyvszyą (tene te in iumento), a nye mowy proznych slow!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep in check"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-JUlml2JH",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"check",
"check"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 701:",
"text": "Polyeczyl y svem slugam *przykaząyącz, by y tvardo zvyazaly y dzyerzely, a barzo pylnye stregly",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to not let leave)"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-PlPV3GO1",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 617:",
"text": "Ktoregoz ya czaluyą, tenczy yest, dzyer[ż]czye y a vyedzczye mądrze (tenete eum et ducite caute Marc 14, 44)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grab and hold"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-VNWo4FtJ",
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 7:",
"text": "Acz vczyecze z yąnthswa szebye dzirszanczego, bandze praw (si effugerit a captivitate detentoris, erit liber)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1920 [1403], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 360, Płońsk:",
"text": "Iacom ya ne dzirsal Stascowa bidla wiszey godzini",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888 [1399], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 74:",
"text": "Wedzø y szwatczø, eze Jaroslawa dzirzala Thomka s yego *zone oth dzeszanczi lath w roczech",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep prisoner; to force to stay"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-TN4SUFkj",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"stay",
"stay"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; attested in Masovia; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Greater Poland) to keep prisoner; to force to stay"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 130:",
"text": "Czo dzierzy quid detineat (nisi... revelatus fuerit homo peccati... Et nunc quid detineat, scitis, ut reveletur in suo tempore II Thes 2, 6)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stop; to disturb"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-Ghy0Ehcp",
"links": [
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"disturb",
"disturb"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1856-1870 [1400], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VIII, number 9774:",
"text": "Dzedzina w Psaroch od XXIIII lath nygdi nye wichodzila z dzerszenya gych otcza y ony po otczowye ssmerczi dzersza",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888 [1393], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 68:",
"text": "Ondrzeyka szedzi na Margorzacine oczcza sedliscu y dzirszi gey onczinø",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 32, 6:",
"text": "Narodze szly..., takli odplaczasz panv?... Zali on nye iest oczecz twoy, genze gest dzerzal y vczinil, y stworzil czø (qui possedit te et fecit, et creavit te)?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1887, 1889 [1399], Józef Lekszycki, editor, Die ältesten großpolnischen Grodbücher, volume II, number 1333, Pyzdry, Gniezno, Kościan:",
"text": "Swentoslaw w sastawe dzersi pol Prachnowa, a ne na weki cupil",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1469], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 2936, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya nye zaoral czaszczi Abramowey, kthora othe [m]mnye w [sz]dzirzawe dzirzal pothlug zapissv kxang zemszkych",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold as property or leasehold"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-vcdJYUTt",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"property",
"property"
],
[
"leasehold",
"leasehold"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to hold as property or leasehold"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Num”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 3, 25:",
"text": "Bødø dzerzecz strozø w stanv zaslvbyonem (habebunt excubias in tabernaculo foederis)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold an office"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-oO2~iCMC",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"office",
"office"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 41:",
"text": "Iakokoly s starosczi bilo dzirzano (licet antiquitus fuerit observatum), ysz kmyecz drvgego kmyecza zabyyącz, zaplacziw trzy grziwny groszow, od vini mąszoboystwa praw bival",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 18:",
"text": "Dzaal..., gdi przes trzy lyatha y przes trzy myeszącze tr[w]aal, ma bicz moczen y dzyrzzaan",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie, Krakow, page 171b:",
"text": "Chemily czynicz volø naszego othcza nebeszkego, tedy vøcz napyrszue mamy dzerszecz varø kresczyganska",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 5:",
"text": "Oycze svyathy, ... thyss vczvyrdzyl, gesz sa na *nyebyezysch y przykazalesz ym, bych dzyerzely barzy byeg vczvyrdzenya nyebyoss",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to observe, to follow rules, etc."
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-7DGH~cQZ",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"observe",
"observe"
],
[
"follow",
"follow"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland) to keep, to observe, to follow rules, etc."
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Tob”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 1, 4:",
"text": "A kakokoly z rodu Neptalymova wszech namlodszi bil, wszako syø przeto nyczs dzecynskich rzeczi nye dzerszal (nihil tamen puerile gessit in opere)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to occupy oneself with, to engage in"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-FSwN7foB",
"links": [
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 [1426], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 185, Warsaw:",
"text": "Zemskye prawo dzirszą za prawo",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 181:",
"text": "Saducey... yedno pyączyory xyągy Moyzeschovy dzyerzely (solos quinque libros Moysi recipiebant)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to consider someone something"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-16NZkAyY",
"links": [
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) to consider someone something"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 549:",
"text": "O tem, kako tez y Iudasch mylego Iesucrista pytal, dzyerzącz v myszye rąka s nym",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 18:",
"text": "Wschech szvych tovarzyschek czynylą szyą nyschą..., yze yą wschytky szylno a oszobnye mylovaly a tesch yą vyelykey czczy dzyerzaly (et eam in maxima veneratione tenuerunt) mylvyącz myedzy szobą",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep in a particular state or place"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-KO5G2IBP",
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 164:",
"text": "Any myasto, any czass, any nyebo, any zyemya moze dzyerzecz boga (non enim locus, neque tempus, nec caelum capit deum)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to contain"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-ruzhZ5pT",
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"contain",
"contain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 26:",
"text": "Znamyona, dzierzy continebit (locutus est dominus ad Moysen dicens: Loquere ad filios Israel et accipe ab eis virgas singulas per cognationes suas... et una virga cunctas soersum familias continebit Num 17, 3)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to symbolize"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-BzL8acyx",
"links": [
[
"symbolize",
"symbolize"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1462], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 270:",
"text": "Czyrpyana, dzyrzana toleranda",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take, to endure"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-cZmPdf9p",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"endure",
"endure"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ruth”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 1, 14:",
"text": "Orffa czalowawszi swyekrew wrocy syø. Ale Ruth dzerszala syø swyekrwye swey (Ruth adhaesit socrui suae)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 28, 60:",
"text": "Przisporzi pan ran twich... y obroczi na czø wszitki nødze egipske..., y bødø syø czebye dzerzecz (convertet in te omnes afflictiones Aegypti... et adhaerebunt tibi)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep in touch, to stick to/with"
],
"id": "en-dzierżeć-zlw-opl-verb-nl1ebU1s",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"keep in touch",
"keep in touch"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to keep in touch, to stick to/with"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʑɛrʒʲɛt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʑɛrʒʲɛt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dzirżeć"
}
],
"word": "dzierżeć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish imperfective verbs",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dzierżyć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: dzierżyć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: dzierżyć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dьržati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dьržati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dьržati"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dьržati",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1393"
},
"expansion": "1393",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1393"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1393",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dьržati. First attested in 1393.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "dzierżeć impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "dzierżący"
},
{
"word": "dzierżawa"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dzierżeć bractwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dzierżeć państwo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 12, 11:",
"text": "Dzerszøøcz lyasky w røku (tenentes baculos in manibus)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 8, 17:",
"text": "Y wzczyøgnøøl Aaron røkøø swø prøøt dzerszøøcz (virgam tenens), y uderzy proch szemsky",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Judith”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 9, 8:",
"text": "Vezrzal na gich zastøpi, a czmi ge znødzili. Dzerszala gløbokoscz nogy gich (tenuit pedes eorum abyssus), a wodi ge wszitki pokrili",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold in one's arms"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trzymać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 64:",
"text": "Vtenczass... vzrzy vyelykye svyątlosczy, anyely dzyerzacz dzyeczyątko przed sobą, a ony yey nathychmyast począly slvsycz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 36, 13:",
"text": "A przeto pyøczdzyeszyøt slal *grøgow zlotich, ktore bi dzerszaly opon dzerszadla, abi bil geden stan (unde et quinquaginta fudit circulos aureos, qui morderent cortinarum ansas, et fieret unum tabernaculum)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold up"
],
"links": [
[
"hold up",
"hold up"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 62:",
"text": "Iozeph... rzekl yey: Szyedzy, dzyerzy klyvszyą (tene te in iumento), a nye mowy proznych slow!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep in check"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"check",
"check"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 701:",
"text": "Polyeczyl y svem slugam *przykaząyącz, by y tvardo zvyazaly y dzyerzely, a barzo pylnye stregly",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep (to not let leave)"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 617:",
"text": "Ktoregoz ya czaluyą, tenczy yest, dzyer[ż]czye y a vyedzczye mądrze (tenete eum et ducite caute Marc 14, 44)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grab and hold"
],
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 7:",
"text": "Acz vczyecze z yąnthswa szebye dzirszanczego, bandze praw (si effugerit a captivitate detentoris, erit liber)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1920 [1403], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 360, Płońsk:",
"text": "Iacom ya ne dzirsal Stascowa bidla wiszey godzini",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888 [1399], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 74:",
"text": "Wedzø y szwatczø, eze Jaroslawa dzirzala Thomka s yego *zone oth dzeszanczi lath w roczech",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep prisoner; to force to stay"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"stay",
"stay"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; attested in Masovia; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Greater Poland) to keep prisoner; to force to stay"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 130:",
"text": "Czo dzierzy quid detineat (nisi... revelatus fuerit homo peccati... Et nunc quid detineat, scitis, ut reveletur in suo tempore II Thes 2, 6)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stop; to disturb"
],
"links": [
[
"stop",
"stop"
],
[
"disturb",
"disturb"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1856-1870 [1400], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VIII, number 9774:",
"text": "Dzedzina w Psaroch od XXIIII lath nygdi nye wichodzila z dzerszenya gych otcza y ony po otczowye ssmerczi dzersza",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888 [1393], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 68:",
"text": "Ondrzeyka szedzi na Margorzacine oczcza sedliscu y dzirszi gey onczinø",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 32, 6:",
"text": "Narodze szly..., takli odplaczasz panv?... Zali on nye iest oczecz twoy, genze gest dzerzal y vczinil, y stworzil czø (qui possedit te et fecit, et creavit te)?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1887, 1889 [1399], Józef Lekszycki, editor, Die ältesten großpolnischen Grodbücher, volume II, number 1333, Pyzdry, Gniezno, Kościan:",
"text": "Swentoslaw w sastawe dzersi pol Prachnowa, a ne na weki cupil",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1469], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 2936, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya nye zaoral czaszczi Abramowey, kthora othe [m]mnye w [sz]dzirzawe dzirzal pothlug zapissv kxang zemszkych",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold as property or leasehold"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"property",
"property"
],
[
"leasehold",
"leasehold"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to hold as property or leasehold"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Num”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 3, 25:",
"text": "Bødø dzerzecz strozø w stanv zaslvbyonem (habebunt excubias in tabernaculo foederis)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold an office"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"office",
"office"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 41:",
"text": "Iakokoly s starosczi bilo dzirzano (licet antiquitus fuerit observatum), ysz kmyecz drvgego kmyecza zabyyącz, zaplacziw trzy grziwny groszow, od vini mąszoboystwa praw bival",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 18:",
"text": "Dzaal..., gdi przes trzy lyatha y przes trzy myeszącze tr[w]aal, ma bicz moczen y dzyrzzaan",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie, Krakow, page 171b:",
"text": "Chemily czynicz volø naszego othcza nebeszkego, tedy vøcz napyrszue mamy dzerszecz varø kresczyganska",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 5:",
"text": "Oycze svyathy, ... thyss vczvyrdzyl, gesz sa na *nyebyezysch y przykazalesz ym, bych dzyerzely barzy byeg vczvyrdzenya nyebyoss",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep, to observe, to follow rules, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"observe",
"observe"
],
[
"follow",
"follow"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland) to keep, to observe, to follow rules, etc."
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Tob”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 1, 4:",
"text": "A kakokoly z rodu Neptalymova wszech namlodszi bil, wszako syø przeto nyczs dzecynskich rzeczi nye dzerszal (nihil tamen puerile gessit in opere)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to occupy oneself with, to engage in"
],
"links": [
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 [1426], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 185, Warsaw:",
"text": "Zemskye prawo dzirszą za prawo",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 181:",
"text": "Saducey... yedno pyączyory xyągy Moyzeschovy dzyerzely (solos quinque libros Moysi recipiebant)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to consider someone something"
],
"links": [
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) to consider someone something"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 549:",
"text": "O tem, kako tez y Iudasch mylego Iesucrista pytal, dzyerzącz v myszye rąka s nym",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 18:",
"text": "Wschech szvych tovarzyschek czynylą szyą nyschą..., yze yą wschytky szylno a oszobnye mylovaly a tesch yą vyelykey czczy dzyerzaly (et eam in maxima veneratione tenuerunt) mylvyącz myedzy szobą",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep in a particular state or place"
],
"links": [
[
"keep",
"keep"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 164:",
"text": "Any myasto, any czass, any nyebo, any zyemya moze dzyerzecz boga (non enim locus, neque tempus, nec caelum capit deum)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hold, to contain"
],
"links": [
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"contain",
"contain"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 26:",
"text": "Znamyona, dzierzy continebit (locutus est dominus ad Moysen dicens: Loquere ad filios Israel et accipe ab eis virgas singulas per cognationes suas... et una virga cunctas soersum familias continebit Num 17, 3)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to symbolize"
],
"links": [
[
"symbolize",
"symbolize"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1462], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 270:",
"text": "Czyrpyana, dzyrzana toleranda",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take, to endure"
],
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"endure",
"endure"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish reflexive verbs",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ruth”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 1, 14:",
"text": "Orffa czalowawszi swyekrew wrocy syø. Ale Ruth dzerszala syø swyekrwye swey (Ruth adhaesit socrui suae)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 28, 60:",
"text": "Przisporzi pan ran twich... y obroczi na czø wszitki nødze egipske..., y bødø syø czebye dzerzecz (convertet in te omnes afflictiones Aegypti... et adhaerebunt tibi)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to keep in touch, to stick to/with"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"keep in touch",
"keep in touch"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to keep in touch, to stick to/with"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʑɛrʒʲɛt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʑɛrʒʲɛt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dzirżeć"
}
],
"word": "dzierżeć"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dzierżeć meaning in Old Polish (15.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"dzierżeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dzierżeć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"dzierżeć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dzierżeć",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.