See upphaf in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "founder",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "upphafari"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "original",
"word": "upphafligr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "elevation, pride",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "upphafning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "author, originator",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "upphafsmaðr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "upphafsstafr"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "upphaf"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: upphaf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: upphaf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "upphav"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: upphav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: upphav"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "opphav",
"3": "upphav"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: opphav, upphav",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "until 1938"
},
"expansion": "(until 1938)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: opphav, upphav (until 1938)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "ophav"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: ophav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: ophav"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ophav"
},
"expansion": "Danish: ophav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: ophav"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "opphav"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: opphav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: opphav"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "uphof"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: uphof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: uphof"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "upphov",
"3": "upphof"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: upphov, upphof",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "until 1906"
},
"expansion": "(until 1906)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: upphov, upphof (until 1906)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habą",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *habą. Verbal noun of hefja upp (“to begin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "upphaf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫfin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphaf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫfin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫfum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫfunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "upphaf n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "upphaf n",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "upphaf",
"2": "upphǫf"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "upphǫfin",
"api": "upphǫf",
"asd": "upphafit",
"asi": "upphaf",
"dpd": "upphǫfunum",
"dpi": "upphǫfum",
"dsd": "upphafinu",
"dsi": "upphafi",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "upphafanna",
"gpi": "upphafa",
"gsd": "upphafsins",
"gsi": "upphafs",
"notes": "",
"npd": "upphǫfin",
"npi": "upphǫf",
"nsd": "upphafit",
"nsi": "upphaf",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "upphaf"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphaf",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafit",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫf",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫfin",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphaf",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafit",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫf",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫfin",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafi",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafinu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫfum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫfunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafs",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafa",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 39 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Gospel of John 1,1 (from \"Homiliu-Bók. Isländska Homilier\" ed. Wisén 1872)",
"text": "Í upphafi var orð ok orð var með guði ok guð var orð."
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning"
],
"id": "en-upphaf-non-noun-QJU5HH4-",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 39 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"advancement, honour"
],
"id": "en-upphaf-non-noun-KAnSPDFi",
"links": [
[
"advancement",
"advancement"
],
[
"honour",
"honour"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "upphaf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse neuter nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "founder",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "upphafari"
},
{
"english": "original",
"word": "upphafligr"
},
{
"english": "elevation, pride",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "upphafning"
},
{
"english": "author, originator",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "upphafsmaðr"
},
{
"english": "initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "upphafsstafr"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "upphaf"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: upphaf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: upphaf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "upphav"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: upphav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: upphav"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "opphav",
"3": "upphav"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: opphav, upphav",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "until 1938"
},
"expansion": "(until 1938)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: opphav, upphav (until 1938)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "ophav"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: ophav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: ophav"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ophav"
},
"expansion": "Danish: ophav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: ophav"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "opphav"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: opphav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: opphav"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "uphof"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: uphof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: uphof"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "upphov",
"3": "upphof"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: upphov, upphof",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "until 1906"
},
"expansion": "(until 1906)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: upphov, upphof (until 1906)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*habą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *habą",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *habą. Verbal noun of hefja upp (“to begin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "upphaf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫfin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphaf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫfin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫfum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphǫfunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "upphafanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "upphaf n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "upphaf n",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "upphaf",
"2": "upphǫf"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "upphǫfin",
"api": "upphǫf",
"asd": "upphafit",
"asi": "upphaf",
"dpd": "upphǫfunum",
"dpi": "upphǫfum",
"dsd": "upphafinu",
"dsi": "upphafi",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "upphafanna",
"gpi": "upphafa",
"gsd": "upphafsins",
"gsi": "upphafs",
"notes": "",
"npd": "upphǫfin",
"npi": "upphǫf",
"nsd": "upphafit",
"nsi": "upphaf",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "upphaf"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphaf",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafit",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫf",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫfin",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphaf",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafit",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫf",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫfin",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafi",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafinu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫfum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphǫfunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafs",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafa",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "upphafanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Gospel of John 1,1 (from \"Homiliu-Bók. Isländska Homilier\" ed. Wisén 1872)",
"text": "Í upphafi var orð ok orð var með guði ok guð var orð."
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"advancement, honour"
],
"links": [
[
"advancement",
"advancement"
],
[
"honour",
"honour"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "upphaf"
}
Download raw JSONL data for upphaf meaning in Old Norse (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.