See mál in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for mál meaning in Old Norse (15.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "contraction of unstressed words; poetic speech",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "bragarmál"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "mál"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: mál",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: mál"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "mál"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: mál",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: mál"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "mål"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: mål",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: mål"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "māl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: māl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: māl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "mål"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: mål",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: mål"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "mål"
},
"expansion": "Danish: mål",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: mål"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "māl",
"bor": "1",
"t": "speech, contract, agreement"
},
"expansion": "→ Old English: māl (“speech, contract, agreement”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old English: māl (“speech, contract, agreement”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mal",
"3": "male"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: mal, male",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: mal, male"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mail#Etymology_3",
"alt": "mail"
},
"expansion": "English: mail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: mail"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "mail"
},
"expansion": "Scots: mail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: mail"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*maþlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maþlą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "mahal"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon mahal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻 (maþl)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *maþlą, whence also Old Saxon mahal, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻 (maþl).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "mǫ́l"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "mǫ́lin",
"api": "mǫ́l",
"asd": "málit",
"asi": "mál",
"dpd": "mǫ́lunum",
"dpi": "mǫ́lum",
"dsd": "málinu",
"dsi": "máli",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "málanna",
"gpi": "mála",
"gsd": "málsins",
"gsi": "máls",
"notes": "",
"npd": "mǫ́lin",
"npi": "mǫ́l",
"nsd": "málit",
"nsi": "mál",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "mál"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málit",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́l",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lin",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málit",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́l",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lin",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "máli",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málinu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "máls",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mála",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"language"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-pO8wS6Qq",
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"speech"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-BfthetVD",
"links": [
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"matter, affair"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-eLexKACB",
"links": [
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "non",
"name": "Poetry",
"orig": "non:Poetry",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Literature",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"syntactic unit, sentence"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-JqqQf7uE",
"links": [
[
"poetry",
"poetry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetry) syntactic unit, sentence"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"poetry",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "non",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "non:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-an7x7Z8V",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) cause"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "mál",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: mál n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: mál n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "mál",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: mál n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: mál n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "mål",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: mål n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: mål n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "mål",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: mål n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: mål n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "mål",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Danish: mål n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: mål n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "mål",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: mål n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: mål n"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mēlą",
"4": "",
"5": "measure, time, occasion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēlą (“measure, time, occasion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*meh₁-",
"3": "",
"4": "to measure"
},
"expansion": "*meh₁- (“to measure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mǣl"
},
"expansion": "Old English mǣl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "mēl"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian mēl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "māl"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon māl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "māl"
},
"expansion": "Old High German māl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌴𐌻",
"3": "",
"4": "time, hour"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻 (mēl, “time, hour”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *mēlą (“measure, time, occasion”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European root *meh₁- (“to measure”). Cognate with Old English mǣl, Old Frisian mēl, Old Saxon māl, Old High German māl, Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻 (mēl, “time, hour”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máls",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "máls",
"3": "mál"
},
"expansion": "mál n (genitive máls, plural mál)",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "mǫ́l"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "mǫ́lin",
"api": "mǫ́l",
"asd": "málit",
"asi": "mál",
"dpd": "mǫ́lunum",
"dpi": "mǫ́lum",
"dsd": "málinu",
"dsi": "máli",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "málanna",
"gpi": "mála",
"gsd": "málsins",
"gsi": "máls",
"notes": "",
"npd": "mǫ́lin",
"npi": "mǫ́l",
"nsd": "málit",
"nsi": "mál",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "mál"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málit",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́l",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lin",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málit",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́l",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lin",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "máli",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málinu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "máls",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mála",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"measurement, size"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-DxLW-Yvk",
"links": [
[
"measurement",
"measurement"
],
[
"size",
"size"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 0 0 2 2 0 10 0 1 2 0 6 0 1 10 10 0 1 3 2 0 16 0 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in a half-year there are two seasons, in a seasons there are three months",
"ref": "c. 1180, Rímbegla",
"text": "í misseri eru mál tvau, í máli eru mánuðr þrír",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"season; a quarter of a year"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-QQixJNHn",
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
],
[
"quarter",
"quarter"
],
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "it is time to eat",
"text": "mál es at eta",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-M2B0gF~I",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 0 0 2 2 0 10 0 1 2 0 6 0 1 10 10 0 1 3 2 0 16 0 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"meal, mealtime"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-TpR-jM0S",
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
],
[
"mealtime",
"mealtime"
]
],
"qualifier": "Low German influence",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Low German influence) meal, mealtime"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "māl"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon māl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌴𐌻"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻 (mēl)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mēlijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēlijaną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γραφή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γράμμα"
},
"expansion": "γράμμα (grámma)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (mēljan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γράφω",
"3": "",
"4": "draw, write"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō, “draw, write”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "malen",
"3": "",
"4": "to paint"
},
"expansion": "German malen (“to paint”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the same Germanic source as Old Saxon māl and Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻 (mēl), probably Proto-Germanic *mēlijaną, used by Ulfilas to translate Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ) and γράμμα (grámma). Related to Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (mēljan) (translating Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō, “draw, write”)) and German malen (“to paint”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a work of art inlaid in metal, especially on weapons"
],
"id": "en-mál-non-noun-fNjlXWZt",
"links": [
[
"inlaid",
"inlay"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse neuter nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "contraction of unstressed words; poetic speech",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "bragarmál"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "mál"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: mál",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: mál"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "mál"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: mál",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: mál"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "mål"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: mål",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: mål"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "māl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: māl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: māl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "mål"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: mål",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: mål"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "mål"
},
"expansion": "Danish: mål",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: mål"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "māl",
"bor": "1",
"t": "speech, contract, agreement"
},
"expansion": "→ Old English: māl (“speech, contract, agreement”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old English: māl (“speech, contract, agreement”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mal",
"3": "male"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: mal, male",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: mal, male"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mail#Etymology_3",
"alt": "mail"
},
"expansion": "English: mail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: mail"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "mail"
},
"expansion": "Scots: mail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: mail"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*maþlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maþlą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "mahal"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon mahal",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻 (maþl)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *maþlą, whence also Old Saxon mahal, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻 (maþl).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "mǫ́l"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "mǫ́lin",
"api": "mǫ́l",
"asd": "málit",
"asi": "mál",
"dpd": "mǫ́lunum",
"dpi": "mǫ́lum",
"dsd": "málinu",
"dsi": "máli",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "málanna",
"gpi": "mála",
"gsd": "málsins",
"gsi": "máls",
"notes": "",
"npd": "mǫ́lin",
"npi": "mǫ́l",
"nsd": "málit",
"nsi": "mál",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "mál"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málit",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́l",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lin",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málit",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́l",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lin",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "máli",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málinu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "máls",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mála",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"language"
],
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"speech"
],
"links": [
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"matter, affair"
],
"links": [
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"non:Poetry"
],
"glosses": [
"syntactic unit, sentence"
],
"links": [
[
"poetry",
"poetry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetry) syntactic unit, sentence"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"poetry",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"non:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"cause"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) cause"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse neuter nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "mál",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: mál n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: mál n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "mál",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: mál n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: mál n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "mål",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: mål n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: mål n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "mål",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: mål n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: mål n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "mål",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Danish: mål n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: mål n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "mål",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: mål n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: mål n"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mēlą",
"4": "",
"5": "measure, time, occasion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēlą (“measure, time, occasion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*meh₁-",
"3": "",
"4": "to measure"
},
"expansion": "*meh₁- (“to measure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mǣl"
},
"expansion": "Old English mǣl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "mēl"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian mēl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "māl"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon māl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "māl"
},
"expansion": "Old High German māl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌴𐌻",
"3": "",
"4": "time, hour"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻 (mēl, “time, hour”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *mēlą (“measure, time, occasion”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European root *meh₁- (“to measure”). Cognate with Old English mǣl, Old Frisian mēl, Old Saxon māl, Old High German māl, Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻 (mēl, “time, hour”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máls",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mǫ́lunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "máls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "málsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "málanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "máls",
"3": "mál"
},
"expansion": "mál n (genitive máls, plural mál)",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "mǫ́l"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "mǫ́lin",
"api": "mǫ́l",
"asd": "málit",
"asi": "mál",
"dpd": "mǫ́lunum",
"dpi": "mǫ́lum",
"dsd": "málinu",
"dsi": "máli",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "málanna",
"gpi": "mála",
"gsd": "málsins",
"gsi": "máls",
"notes": "",
"npd": "mǫ́lin",
"npi": "mǫ́l",
"nsd": "málit",
"nsi": "mál",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "mál"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málit",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́l",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lin",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mál",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málit",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́l",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lin",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "máli",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málinu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mǫ́lunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "máls",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mála",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "málanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"measurement, size"
],
"links": [
[
"measurement",
"measurement"
],
[
"size",
"size"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in a half-year there are two seasons, in a seasons there are three months",
"ref": "c. 1180, Rímbegla",
"text": "í misseri eru mál tvau, í máli eru mánuðr þrír",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"season; a quarter of a year"
],
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
],
[
"quarter",
"quarter"
],
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "it is time to eat",
"text": "mál es at eta",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"meal, mealtime"
],
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
],
[
"mealtime",
"mealtime"
]
],
"qualifier": "Low German influence",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Low German influence) meal, mealtime"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "māl"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon māl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌴𐌻"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻 (mēl)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*mēlijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mēlijaną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γραφή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γράμμα"
},
"expansion": "γράμμα (grámma)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (mēljan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γράφω",
"3": "",
"4": "draw, write"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō, “draw, write”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "malen",
"3": "",
"4": "to paint"
},
"expansion": "German malen (“to paint”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the same Germanic source as Old Saxon māl and Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻 (mēl), probably Proto-Germanic *mēlijaną, used by Ulfilas to translate Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ) and γράμμα (grámma). Related to Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (mēljan) (translating Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō, “draw, write”)) and German malen (“to paint”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "mál n",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a work of art inlaid in metal, especially on weapons"
],
"links": [
[
"inlaid",
"inlay"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "mál"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.