See ef in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ef meaning in Old Norse (6.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ef"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: ef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: ef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "ef",
"3": "em",
"4": "um"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: ef, em, um",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: ef, em, um"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "om"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: om",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: om"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "um"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: um",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "um"
},
"expansion": "um",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "umb"
},
"expansion": "umb",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "influenced by um < umb"
},
"expansion": "(influenced by um < umb)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: um (influenced by um < umb)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "æf",
"3": "æm",
"4": "um"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: æf, æm, um",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: æf, æm, um"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "om"
},
"expansion": "Danish: om",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: om"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "om"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: om",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: om"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "om",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: om",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: om"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jabai"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jabai",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*jabą",
"3": "",
"4": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "*jabą (“doubt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ef",
"3": "",
"4": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "ef (“doubt”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *jabai, originally the dative of *jabą (“doubt”), whence ef (“doubt”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"if"
],
"id": "en-ef-non-conj-k19oMZ1P",
"links": [
[
"if",
"if#Old Norse"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ef"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "iæf"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: iæf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: iæf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "jäv"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: jäv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: jäv"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jabą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jabą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *jabą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "ef"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "efin",
"api": "ef",
"asd": "efit",
"asi": "ef",
"dpd": "efunum",
"dpi": "efum",
"dsd": "efinu",
"dsi": "efi",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "efanna",
"gpi": "efa",
"gsd": "efsins",
"gsi": "efs",
"notes": "",
"npd": "efin",
"npi": "ef",
"nsd": "efit",
"nsi": "ef",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "ef"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efit",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efin",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efit",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efin",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efi",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efinu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efs",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efa",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "doubtless, undoubted",
"word": "iflaust"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(literally, “for me is at doubt”)",
"roman": "I doubt",
"text": "mér er til efs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"doubt"
],
"id": "en-ef-non-noun-xnYOgOMy",
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) doubt"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "if"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "ef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse conjunctions",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ef"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: ef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: ef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "ef",
"3": "em",
"4": "um"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: ef, em, um",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: ef, em, um"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "om"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: om",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: om"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "um"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: um",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "um"
},
"expansion": "um",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "umb"
},
"expansion": "umb",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "influenced by um < umb"
},
"expansion": "(influenced by um < umb)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: um (influenced by um < umb)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "æf",
"3": "æm",
"4": "um"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: æf, æm, um",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: æf, æm, um"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "om"
},
"expansion": "Danish: om",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: om"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "om"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: om",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: om"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "om",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: om",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: om"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jabai"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jabai",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*jabą",
"3": "",
"4": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "*jabą (“doubt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ef",
"3": "",
"4": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "ef (“doubt”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *jabai, originally the dative of *jabą (“doubt”), whence ef (“doubt”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"if"
],
"links": [
[
"if",
"if#Old Norse"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "doubtless, undoubted",
"word": "iflaust"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "iæf"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: iæf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: iæf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "jäv"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: jäv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: jäv"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jabą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jabą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *jabą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-n-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "efa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "ef"
},
"name": "non-decl-n-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "efin",
"api": "ef",
"asd": "efit",
"asi": "ef",
"dpd": "efunum",
"dpi": "efum",
"dsd": "efinu",
"dsi": "efi",
"g": "neuter",
"gpd": "efanna",
"gpi": "efa",
"gsd": "efsins",
"gsi": "efs",
"notes": "",
"npd": "efin",
"npi": "ef",
"nsd": "efit",
"nsi": "ef",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "ef"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efit",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efin",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efit",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ef",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efin",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efi",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efinu",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efs",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efa",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "efanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse terms with obsolete senses",
"Old Norse terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(literally, “for me is at doubt”)",
"roman": "I doubt",
"text": "mér er til efs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"doubt"
],
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) doubt"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "if"
}
],
"word": "ef"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.