"þurfa" meaning in Old Norse

See þurfa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *þurbaną. Etymology templates: {{root|non|ine-pro|*terp-}}, {{inh|non|gem-pro|*þurbaną}} Proto-Germanic *þurbaną Head templates: {{head|non|verb||{{{1}}}||{{{spast2}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{ppast2}}}||{{{ppast3}}}||{{{3}}}||{{{pp2}}}|head=|tr=}} þurfa, {{non-verb}} þurfa Inflection templates: {{non-conj-pp|þurf|þarf|þurft|-|3i=þyrft}}, {{non-conj-table|impr_1pl=þurfum|impr_2pl=þurfuð|impr_2sg=þurf|infinitive=þurfa|past_ind_1pl=þurftum|past_ind_1sg=þurfta|past_ind_2pl=þurftuð|past_ind_2sg=þurftir|past_ind_3pl=þurftu|past_ind_3sg=þurfti|past_part=-|past_sub_1pl=þyrftim|past_sub_1sg=þyrfta|past_sub_2pl=þyrftið|past_sub_2sg=þyrftir|past_sub_3pl=þyrfti|past_sub_3sg=þyrfti|pres_ind_1pl=þurfum|pres_ind_1sg=þarf|pres_ind_2pl=þurfuð|pres_ind_2sg=þarft|pres_ind_3pl=þurfu|pres_ind_3sg=þarf|pres_part=þurfandi|pres_sub_1pl=þurfim|pres_sub_1sg=þurfa|pres_sub_2pl=þurfið|pres_sub_2sg=þurfir|pres_sub_3pl=þurfi|pres_sub_3sg=þurfi|title=Conjugation of <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">þurfa</i> (preterite-present)}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfa|infinitive|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfandi|pres_part|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|-|past_part|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þarf|pres_ind_1sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfta|past_ind_1sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þarft|pres_ind_2sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurftir|past_ind_2sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þarf|pres_ind_3sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfti|past_ind_3sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfum|pres_ind_1pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurftum|past_ind_1pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfuð|pres_ind_2pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurftuð|past_ind_2pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfu|pres_ind_3pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurftu|past_ind_3pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfa|pres_sub_1sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þyrfta|past_sub_1sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfir|pres_sub_2sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þyrftir|past_sub_2sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfi|pres_sub_3sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þyrfti|past_sub_3sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfim|pres_sub_1pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þyrftim|past_sub_1pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfið|pres_sub_2pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þyrftið|past_sub_2pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfi|pres_sub_3pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þyrfti|past_sub_3pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurf|impr_2sg|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfum|impr_1pl|{{{mode}}}}}, {{non-conj-cell|þurfuð|impr_2pl|{{{mode}}}}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], þurfa [infinitive], þurfandi [participle, present], - [participle, past], þarf [first-person, present, singular], þurfta [first-person, past, singular], þarft [present, second-person, singular], þurftir [past, second-person, singular], þarf [present, singular, third-person], þurfti [past, singular, third-person], þurfum [first-person, plural, present], þurftum [first-person, past, plural], þurfuð [plural, present, second-person], þurftuð [past, plural, second-person], þurfu [plural, present, third-person], þurftu [past, plural, third-person], þurfa [first-person, present, singular], þyrfta [first-person, past, singular], þurfir [present, second-person, singular], þyrftir [past, second-person, singular], þurfi [present, singular, third-person], þyrfti [past, singular, third-person], þurfim [first-person, plural, present], þyrftim [first-person, past, plural], þurfið [plural, present, second-person], þyrftið [past, plural, second-person], þurfi [plural, present, third-person], þyrfti [past, plural, third-person], þurf [present, second-person, singular]
  1. to need Derived forms: þurfamaðr (english: poor man, needy person) [masculine], þurfandi [masculine], þurfi, þurfsamr (english: helping) Related terms: þurft [feminine], þǫrf [feminine]

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for þurfa meaning in Old Norse (8.9kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "þurfa"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: þurfa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: þurfa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "tørva",
            "3": "tarva"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: tørva, tarva",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: tørva, tarva"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "turve"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: turve",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: turve"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "turva"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: turva",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: turva"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "þorva"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: þorva, þarva\nSwedish: torva (archaic), Swedish: tarva (archaic)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: þorva, þarva\nSwedish: torva (archaic), Swedish: tarva (archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "tarve"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: tarve",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: tarve"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*terp-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þurbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *þurbaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "non-conj-pp",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þarf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þarft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurftir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þarf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurftum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfuð",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurftuð",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurftu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrfta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrftir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrfti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrftim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfið",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrftið",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrfti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pp2}}}",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{spast2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{2}}}",
        "9": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "þurfa",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "þurfa",
      "name": "non-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurf",
        "2": "þarf",
        "3": "þurft",
        "3i": "þyrft",
        "4": "-"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-pp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "impr_1pl": "þurfum",
        "impr_2pl": "þurfuð",
        "impr_2sg": "þurf",
        "infinitive": "þurfa",
        "past_ind_1pl": "þurftum",
        "past_ind_1sg": "þurfta",
        "past_ind_2pl": "þurftuð",
        "past_ind_2sg": "þurftir",
        "past_ind_3pl": "þurftu",
        "past_ind_3sg": "þurfti",
        "past_part": "-",
        "past_sub_1pl": "þyrftim",
        "past_sub_1sg": "þyrfta",
        "past_sub_2pl": "þyrftið",
        "past_sub_2sg": "þyrftir",
        "past_sub_3pl": "þyrfti",
        "past_sub_3sg": "þyrfti",
        "pres_ind_1pl": "þurfum",
        "pres_ind_1sg": "þarf",
        "pres_ind_2pl": "þurfuð",
        "pres_ind_2sg": "þarft",
        "pres_ind_3pl": "þurfu",
        "pres_ind_3sg": "þarf",
        "pres_part": "þurfandi",
        "pres_sub_1pl": "þurfim",
        "pres_sub_1sg": "þurfa",
        "pres_sub_2pl": "þurfið",
        "pres_sub_2sg": "þurfir",
        "pres_sub_3pl": "þurfi",
        "pres_sub_3sg": "þurfi",
        "title": "Conjugation of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"non\">þurfa</i> (preterite-present)"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-table"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfa",
        "2": "infinitive",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfandi",
        "2": "pres_part",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "past_part",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þarf",
        "2": "pres_ind_1sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfta",
        "2": "past_ind_1sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þarft",
        "2": "pres_ind_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurftir",
        "2": "past_ind_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þarf",
        "2": "pres_ind_3sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfti",
        "2": "past_ind_3sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfum",
        "2": "pres_ind_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurftum",
        "2": "past_ind_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfuð",
        "2": "pres_ind_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurftuð",
        "2": "past_ind_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfu",
        "2": "pres_ind_3pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurftu",
        "2": "past_ind_3pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfa",
        "2": "pres_sub_1sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrfta",
        "2": "past_sub_1sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfir",
        "2": "pres_sub_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrftir",
        "2": "past_sub_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfi",
        "2": "pres_sub_3sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrfti",
        "2": "past_sub_3sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfim",
        "2": "pres_sub_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrftim",
        "2": "past_sub_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfið",
        "2": "pres_sub_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrftið",
        "2": "past_sub_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfi",
        "2": "pres_sub_3pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrfti",
        "2": "past_sub_3pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurf",
        "2": "impr_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfum",
        "2": "impr_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfuð",
        "2": "impr_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Norse entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "poor man, needy person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "þurfamaðr"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "þurfandi"
        },
        {
          "word": "þurfi"
        },
        {
          "english": "helping",
          "word": "þurfsamr"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to need"
      ],
      "id": "en-þurfa-non-verb-fCXPH8yL",
      "links": [
        [
          "need",
          "need"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "þurft"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "þǫrf"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "þurfa"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "poor man, needy person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "þurfamaðr"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "þurfandi"
    },
    {
      "word": "þurfi"
    },
    {
      "english": "helping",
      "word": "þurfsamr"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "þurfa"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: þurfa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: þurfa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "tørva",
            "3": "tarva"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: tørva, tarva",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: tørva, tarva"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "turve"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: turve",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: turve"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "turva"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: turva",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: turva"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "þorva"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: þorva, þarva\nSwedish: torva (archaic), Swedish: tarva (archaic)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: þorva, þarva\nSwedish: torva (archaic), Swedish: tarva (archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "tarve"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: tarve",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: tarve"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*terp-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þurbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *þurbaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "non-conj-pp",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þarf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þarft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurftir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þarf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurftum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfuð",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurftuð",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurftu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrfta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrftir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrfti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrftim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfið",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrftið",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurfi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þyrfti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þurf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pp2}}}",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{spast2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{2}}}",
        "9": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "þurfa",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "þurfa",
      "name": "non-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurf",
        "2": "þarf",
        "3": "þurft",
        "3i": "þyrft",
        "4": "-"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-pp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "impr_1pl": "þurfum",
        "impr_2pl": "þurfuð",
        "impr_2sg": "þurf",
        "infinitive": "þurfa",
        "past_ind_1pl": "þurftum",
        "past_ind_1sg": "þurfta",
        "past_ind_2pl": "þurftuð",
        "past_ind_2sg": "þurftir",
        "past_ind_3pl": "þurftu",
        "past_ind_3sg": "þurfti",
        "past_part": "-",
        "past_sub_1pl": "þyrftim",
        "past_sub_1sg": "þyrfta",
        "past_sub_2pl": "þyrftið",
        "past_sub_2sg": "þyrftir",
        "past_sub_3pl": "þyrfti",
        "past_sub_3sg": "þyrfti",
        "pres_ind_1pl": "þurfum",
        "pres_ind_1sg": "þarf",
        "pres_ind_2pl": "þurfuð",
        "pres_ind_2sg": "þarft",
        "pres_ind_3pl": "þurfu",
        "pres_ind_3sg": "þarf",
        "pres_part": "þurfandi",
        "pres_sub_1pl": "þurfim",
        "pres_sub_1sg": "þurfa",
        "pres_sub_2pl": "þurfið",
        "pres_sub_2sg": "þurfir",
        "pres_sub_3pl": "þurfi",
        "pres_sub_3sg": "þurfi",
        "title": "Conjugation of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"non\">þurfa</i> (preterite-present)"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-table"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfa",
        "2": "infinitive",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfandi",
        "2": "pres_part",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "past_part",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þarf",
        "2": "pres_ind_1sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfta",
        "2": "past_ind_1sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þarft",
        "2": "pres_ind_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurftir",
        "2": "past_ind_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þarf",
        "2": "pres_ind_3sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfti",
        "2": "past_ind_3sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfum",
        "2": "pres_ind_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurftum",
        "2": "past_ind_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfuð",
        "2": "pres_ind_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurftuð",
        "2": "past_ind_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfu",
        "2": "pres_ind_3pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurftu",
        "2": "past_ind_3pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfa",
        "2": "pres_sub_1sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrfta",
        "2": "past_sub_1sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfir",
        "2": "pres_sub_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrftir",
        "2": "past_sub_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfi",
        "2": "pres_sub_3sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrfti",
        "2": "past_sub_3sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfim",
        "2": "pres_sub_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrftim",
        "2": "past_sub_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfið",
        "2": "pres_sub_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrftið",
        "2": "past_sub_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfi",
        "2": "pres_sub_3pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þyrfti",
        "2": "past_sub_3pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurf",
        "2": "impr_2sg",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfum",
        "2": "impr_1pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "þurfuð",
        "2": "impr_2pl",
        "3": "{{{mode}}}"
      },
      "name": "non-conj-cell"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "þurft"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "þǫrf"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Norse entries with language name categories using raw markup",
        "Old Norse lemmas",
        "Old Norse preterite-present verbs",
        "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terp-",
        "Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old Norse verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to need"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "need",
          "need"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "þurfa"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.