See 光る in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "光る",
"tr": "hikaru"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: 光る (hikaru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: 光る (hikaru)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*pikaru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *pikaru",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "ひか",
"3": "る",
"pos1": "cognate with modern <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">ぴかぴか</i> (pikapika), “glitteringly, sparklingly”",
"pos2": "verb suffix",
"tr1": "pi₁ka-",
"tr2": "ru"
},
"expansion": "ひか (pi₁ka-, cognate with modern ぴかぴか (pikapika), “glitteringly, sparklingly”) + る (-ru, verb suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Japonic *pikaru.\nFrom stem ひか (pi₁ka-, cognate with modern ぴかぴか (pikapika), “glitteringly, sparklingly”) + る (-ru, verb suffix).\nMost likely cognate with 日 (pi₁, “sun”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pi₁karu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかる",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "光ら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひから",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "光り",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "光る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "光る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "光れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "光れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "光らず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひからず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fikarazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "光れど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "光れば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fikareba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "光らば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひからば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaraba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "光りき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fikariki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "光りけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fikarikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "光りつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaritu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "光りぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "fikarinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "光れり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "光りたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "fikareri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaritari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "光らむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ひからむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaramu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "verb",
"3": "kana",
"4": "ひかる",
"tr": "pi₁karu"
},
"expansion": "光る (pi₁karu) (kana ひかる)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ひか",
"2": "4-r"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese terms suffixed with る",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "light",
"roman": "pi1kari",
"word": "光"
},
{
"english": "thunder god",
"roman": "pi1karu kami2",
"word": "光る神"
},
{
"english": "takapi1karu, pillow word",
"word": "高光る"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to shine, gleam, glitter"
],
"id": "en-光る-ojp-verb-wmRvuDfO",
"links": [
[
"shine",
"shine"
],
[
"gleam",
"gleam#Verb"
],
[
"glitter",
"glitter#Verb"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "teru",
"word": "照る"
}
]
}
],
"word": "光る"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "light",
"roman": "pi1kari",
"word": "光"
},
{
"english": "thunder god",
"roman": "pi1karu kami2",
"word": "光る神"
},
{
"english": "takapi1karu, pillow word",
"word": "高光る"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "光る",
"tr": "hikaru"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: 光る (hikaru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: 光る (hikaru)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*pikaru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *pikaru",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "ひか",
"3": "る",
"pos1": "cognate with modern <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">ぴかぴか</i> (pikapika), “glitteringly, sparklingly”",
"pos2": "verb suffix",
"tr1": "pi₁ka-",
"tr2": "ru"
},
"expansion": "ひか (pi₁ka-, cognate with modern ぴかぴか (pikapika), “glitteringly, sparklingly”) + る (-ru, verb suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Japonic *pikaru.\nFrom stem ひか (pi₁ka-, cognate with modern ぴかぴか (pikapika), “glitteringly, sparklingly”) + る (-ru, verb suffix).\nMost likely cognate with 日 (pi₁, “sun”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pi₁karu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかる",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "光ら",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひから",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis"
]
},
{
"form": "光り",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "光る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "光る",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "光れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis"
]
},
{
"form": "光れ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "fikare",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "光らず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ひからず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "fikarazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "光れど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "光れば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fikareba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "光らば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ひからば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaraba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "光りき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fikariki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "光りけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fikarikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "光りつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaritu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "光りぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "fikarinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "光れり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "光りたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかれり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ひかりたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "fikareri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaritari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "光らむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ひからむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "fikaramu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "verb",
"3": "kana",
"4": "ひかる",
"tr": "pi₁karu"
},
"expansion": "光る (pi₁karu) (kana ひかる)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ひか",
"2": "4-r"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "teru",
"word": "照る"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Old Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Old Japanese terms suffixed with る",
"Old Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to shine, gleam, glitter"
],
"links": [
[
"shine",
"shine"
],
[
"gleam",
"gleam#Verb"
],
[
"glitter",
"glitter#Verb"
]
]
}
],
"word": "光る"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 光る meaning in Old Japanese (6.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: 光る/Old Japanese 'Key constructions' base_tags={'stem'}",
"path": [
"光る"
],
"section": "Old Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "光る",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.