"roth" meaning in Old Irish

See roth in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /r͈oθ/
Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *rotos (“wheel, chariot”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os (compare Latin rota (“wheel”), Sanskrit रथ (rátha, “chariot”) and Old High German rad (“wheel”)). Etymology templates: {{root|sga|ine-pro|*Hreth₂-}}, {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*rotos||wheel, chariot}} Proto-Celtic *rotos (“wheel, chariot”), {{inh|sga|ine-pro|*Hróth₂os}} Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os, {{cog|la|rota||wheel}} Latin rota (“wheel”), {{cog|sa|रथ||chariot|tr=rátha}} Sanskrit रथ (rátha, “chariot”), {{cog|goh|rad||wheel}} Old High German rad (“wheel”) Head templates: {{head|sga|noun||||{{{2}}}||||||||{{{3}}}||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|cat2=|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} roth m, {{sga-noun|m}} roth m Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-o-masc|roith|dat_sg=routh|dat_sg2=roth+L}}, {{sga-decl-noun|acc_du=roth+L|acc_du2=|acc_du3=|acc_pl=rothu+H|acc_pl2=|acc_pl3=|acc_sg=roth+N|acc_sg2=|acc_sg3=|class=o-m|dat_du=rothaib|dat_du2=|dat_du3=|dat_pl=rothaib|dat_pl2=|dat_pl3=|dat_sg=routh+L|dat_sg2=roth+L|dat_sg3=|gen_du=roth|gen_du2=|gen_du3=|gen_pl=roth+N|gen_pl2=|gen_pl3=|gen_pl4=|gen_sg=roith+L|gen_sg2=|gen_sg3=|n=|nom_du=roth+L|nom_du2=|nom_du3=|nom_pl=roith+L|nom_pl2=|nom_pl3=|nom_sg=roth|nom_sg2=|nom_sg3=|voc_du=roth+L|voc_du2=|voc_du3=|voc_pl=rothu+H|voc_pl2=|voc_pl3=|voc_sg=roith|voc_sg2=|voc_sg3=}}, {{sga-mutation|r|oth}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], roth [masculine, nominative, singular, stem], roth [dual, masculine, nominative, stem], roith [masculine, nominative, plural, stem], roith [masculine, singular, stem, vocative], roth [dual, masculine, stem, vocative], rothu [masculine, plural, stem, vocative], roth [accusative, masculine, singular, stem], roth [accusative, dual, masculine, stem], rothu [accusative, masculine, plural, stem], roith [genitive, masculine, singular, stem], roth [dual, genitive, masculine, stem], roth [genitive, masculine, plural, stem], routh [dative, masculine, singular, stem], roth [dative, masculine, singular, stem], rothaib [dative, dual, masculine, stem], rothaib [dative, masculine, plural, stem], no-table-tags [table-tags], roth [mutation, mutation-radical], also rroth after a proclitic [mutation, mutation-radical], roth [mutation, mutation-nasal]
  1. wheel Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-roth-sga-noun-ulmSYVnS
  2. disc Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-roth-sga-noun-a~mXmdDv
  3. sphere Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-roth-sga-noun-D1i3i8VO Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old Irish entries with incorrect language header: 4 4 92
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: droch

Download JSON data for roth meaning in Old Irish (5.5kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "roth"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: roth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: roth"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "roth"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: roth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: roth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*Hreth₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*rotos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "wheel, chariot"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *rotos (“wheel, chariot”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*Hróth₂os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "rota",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wheel"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin rota (“wheel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "रथ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "chariot",
        "tr": "rátha"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit रथ (rátha, “chariot”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "rad",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wheel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German rad (“wheel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *rotos (“wheel, chariot”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os (compare Latin rota (“wheel”), Sanskrit रथ (rátha, “chariot”) and Old High German rad (“wheel”)).",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
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      "form": "sga-decl-o-masc\n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
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    },
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      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
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        "nominative",
        "singular",
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      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roith",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roith",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "stem",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rothu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "stem",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rothu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roith",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "routh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rothaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rothaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "also rroth after a proclitic",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-nasal"
      ]
    }
  ],
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      "args": {
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        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "roth m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
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      "expansion": "roth m",
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  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
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        "dat_sg": "routh",
        "dat_sg2": "roth+L"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "roth+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "rothu+H",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "roth+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "o-m",
        "dat_du": "rothaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "rothaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "routh+L",
        "dat_sg2": "roth+L",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "roth",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "roth+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_pl4": "",
        "gen_sg": "roith+L",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "roth+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "roith+L",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "roth",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "roth+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "rothu+H",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "roith",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "r",
        "2": "oth"
      },
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "wheel"
      ],
      "id": "en-roth-sga-noun-ulmSYVnS",
      "links": [
        [
          "wheel",
          "wheel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "disc"
      ],
      "id": "en-roth-sga-noun-a~mXmdDv",
      "links": [
        [
          "disc",
          "disc"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 92",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sphere"
      ],
      "id": "en-roth-sga-noun-D1i3i8VO",
      "links": [
        [
          "sphere",
          "sphere"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/r͈oθ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "droch"
    }
  ],
  "word": "roth"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish masculine nouns",
    "Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns",
    "Old Irish nouns",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hreth₂-",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "gd-noun 2"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "roth"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: roth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: roth"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "roth"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: roth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: roth"
    }
  ],
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      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*rotos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "wheel, chariot"
      },
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      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "3": "*Hróth₂os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "rota",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wheel"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin rota (“wheel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "रथ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "chariot",
        "tr": "rátha"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit रथ (rátha, “chariot”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "rad",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wheel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German rad (“wheel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *rotos (“wheel, chariot”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os (compare Latin rota (“wheel”), Sanskrit रथ (rátha, “chariot”) and Old High German rad (“wheel”)).",
  "forms": [
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      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
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      "form": "sga-decl-o-masc\n",
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      "tags": [
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      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
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      "tags": [
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        "nominative",
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        "stem"
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    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roith",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roith",
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        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem",
        "vocative"
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    {
      "form": "roth",
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        "stem",
        "vocative"
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    },
    {
      "form": "rothu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "stem",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "stem"
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    },
    {
      "form": "rothu",
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      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roith",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
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      "tags": [
        "dual",
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        "masculine",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "routh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
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        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rothaib",
      "source": "inflection",
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        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rothaib",
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        "masculine",
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        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "also rroth after a proclitic",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-nasal"
      ]
    }
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        "10": "",
        "11": "",
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        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
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        "6": "{{{2}}}",
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        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
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      "expansion": "roth m",
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        "dat_sg2": "roth+L"
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      "name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "roth+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "rothu+H",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "roth+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "o-m",
        "dat_du": "rothaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "rothaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "routh+L",
        "dat_sg2": "roth+L",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "roth",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "roth+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_pl4": "",
        "gen_sg": "roith+L",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "roth+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "roith+L",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "roth",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "roth+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "rothu+H",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "roith",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "r",
        "2": "oth"
      },
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "wheel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wheel",
          "wheel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "disc"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "disc",
          "disc"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sphere"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sphere",
          "sphere"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/r͈oθ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "droch"
    }
  ],
  "word": "roth"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.