See giun in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "gin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: gin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: gin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "gion"
},
"expansion": "Irish: gion",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: gion"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*genus",
"t": "jaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *genus (“jaw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵénus",
"t": "jaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“jaw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gên",
"t": "cheek"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gên (“cheek”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chin"
},
"expansion": "English chin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हनु",
"tr": "hánu-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हनु (hánu-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γένυς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γένυς (génus)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "śanweṃ",
"pos": "dual",
"t": "jaws"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A śanweṃ (“jaws”, dual)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *genus (“jaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“jaw”). Cognate with Welsh gên (“cheek”), English chin, Sanskrit हनु (hánu-), Ancient Greek γένυς (génus), Tocharian A śanweṃ (“jaws”, dual).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "genae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ginu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ginu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "geno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "geno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "genae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "genaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "genaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "giun m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "giun m",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gen",
"acc_pl": "ginu",
"dat_sg2": "gin",
"g": "m",
"nom_sg2": "gin"
},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "giun+L",
"acc_du2": "gin",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "ginu",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "giun+N",
"acc_sg2": "gin",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-m",
"dat_du": "genaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "genaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "giun+L",
"dat_sg2": "gin",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "geno+L",
"gen_du2": "gena+L",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "genae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "geno+H",
"gen_sg2": "gena+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "giun+L",
"nom_du2": "gin",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "genae+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "giun",
"nom_sg2": "gin",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "giun+L",
"voc_du2": "gin",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "ginu",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "giun",
"voc_sg2": "gin",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "greedy",
"word": "ginach"
},
{
"english": "jaw",
"word": "ginól"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mouth"
],
"id": "en-giun-sga-noun-TPNc-HQ1",
"links": [
[
"mouth",
"mouth"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʲiu̯n/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "giun"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ngiun",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "sga:Face",
"parents": [
"Head and neck",
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "smile",
"word": "gen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative singular of gen (“smile”)"
],
"id": "en-giun-sga-noun-~aRvOiS-",
"links": [
[
"gen",
"gen#Old_Irish:_smile"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʲiu̯n/"
}
],
"word": "giun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish masculine u-stem nouns",
"Old Irish non-lemma forms",
"Old Irish noun forms",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Face"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "greedy",
"word": "ginach"
},
{
"english": "jaw",
"word": "ginól"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "gin"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: gin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: gin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "gion"
},
"expansion": "Irish: gion",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: gion"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*genus",
"t": "jaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *genus (“jaw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵénus",
"t": "jaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“jaw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gên",
"t": "cheek"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gên (“cheek”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chin"
},
"expansion": "English chin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हनु",
"tr": "hánu-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हनु (hánu-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γένυς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γένυς (génus)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "śanweṃ",
"pos": "dual",
"t": "jaws"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A śanweṃ (“jaws”, dual)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *genus (“jaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“jaw”). Cognate with Welsh gên (“cheek”), English chin, Sanskrit हनु (hánu-), Ancient Greek γένυς (génus), Tocharian A śanweṃ (“jaws”, dual).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "genae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ginu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ginu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "geno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "geno",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "genae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "genaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "genaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "giun m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "giun m",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gen",
"acc_pl": "ginu",
"dat_sg2": "gin",
"g": "m",
"nom_sg2": "gin"
},
"name": "sga-decl-u"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "giun+L",
"acc_du2": "gin",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "ginu",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "giun+N",
"acc_sg2": "gin",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "u-m",
"dat_du": "genaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "genaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "giun+L",
"dat_sg2": "gin",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "geno+L",
"gen_du2": "gena+L",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_du4": "",
"gen_pl": "genae+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "geno+H",
"gen_sg2": "gena+H",
"gen_sg3": "",
"gen_sg4": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "giun+L",
"nom_du2": "gin",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "genae+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_pl4": "",
"nom_sg": "giun",
"nom_sg2": "gin",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "giun+L",
"voc_du2": "gin",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "ginu",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "giun",
"voc_sg2": "gin",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mouth"
],
"links": [
[
"mouth",
"mouth"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʲiu̯n/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "giun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish non-lemma forms",
"Old Irish noun forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Face"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "giun",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ngiun",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "smile",
"word": "gen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative singular of gen (“smile”)"
],
"links": [
[
"gen",
"gen#Old_Irish:_smile"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʲiu̯n/"
}
],
"word": "giun"
}
Download raw JSONL data for giun meaning in Old Irish (6.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: giun/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"giun"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "giun",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"giun"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "giun",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"giun"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "giun",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for ngiun",
"path": [
"giun"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "giun",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.