See crocenn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "croicenn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: croicenn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: croicenn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "craiceann"
},
"expansion": "Irish: craiceann",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: craiceann"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "crackan"
},
"expansion": "Manx: crackan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: crackan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "craiceann"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: craiceann",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: craiceann"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*krokkenom",
"4": "",
"5": "skin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *krokkenom (“skin”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrugjaz",
"3": "",
"4": "ridge, back, spine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“ridge, back, spine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Krug"
},
"expansion": "German Krug",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kroc'hen"
},
"expansion": "Breton kroc'hen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kroghen"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kroghen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "croen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh croen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *krokkenom (“skin”), probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate language. However, compare Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“ridge, back, spine”) and German Krug.\nCognate with Breton kroc'hen, Cornish kroghen; Welsh croen (< *kroknom).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crocainn",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-neut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crocainn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crocunn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chrocenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "crocainn",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "crocenn n (genitive crocainn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "crocainn"
},
"expansion": "crocenn n (genitive crocainn)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crocainn",
"dat_pl": "croicnib",
"dat_sg": "crocunn",
"nom_pl2": "croicnea+L"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-neut"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "crocenn+N",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "crocenn+L",
"acc_pl2": "croicnea+L",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "crocenn+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-n",
"dat_du": "croicnib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "croicnib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "crocunn+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "crocenn",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "crocenn+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "crocainn+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "crocenn+N",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "crocenn+L",
"nom_pl2": "croicnea+L",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "crocenn+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "crocenn+N",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "crocenn+L",
"voc_pl2": "croicnea+L",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "crocenn+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 12 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 29 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"skin, hide"
],
"id": "en-crocenn-sga-noun-IjQkin8A",
"links": [
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
"hide",
"hide"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 11 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 29 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bark"
],
"id": "en-crocenn-sga-noun-FOplB2Rc",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 11 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 29 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 25 41",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "sga:Organs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"husk"
],
"id": "en-crocenn-sga-noun-yLH0t2Ip",
"links": [
[
"husk",
"husk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of nuts) husk"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of nuts"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrokən͈/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "crocenn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish neuter nouns",
"Old Irish neuter o-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from substrate languages",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Organs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "croicenn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: croicenn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: croicenn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "craiceann"
},
"expansion": "Irish: craiceann",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: craiceann"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "crackan"
},
"expansion": "Manx: crackan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: crackan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "craiceann"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: craiceann",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: craiceann"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*krokkenom",
"4": "",
"5": "skin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *krokkenom (“skin”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrugjaz",
"3": "",
"4": "ridge, back, spine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“ridge, back, spine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Krug"
},
"expansion": "German Krug",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kroc'hen"
},
"expansion": "Breton kroc'hen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kroghen"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kroghen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "croen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh croen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *krokkenom (“skin”), probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate language. However, compare Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“ridge, back, spine”) and German Krug.\nCognate with Breton kroc'hen, Cornish kroghen; Welsh croen (< *kroknom).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crocainn",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-neut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnea",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crocainn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crocunn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "croicnib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chrocenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "crocenn",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "crocainn",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "crocenn n (genitive crocainn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "crocainn"
},
"expansion": "crocenn n (genitive crocainn)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crocainn",
"dat_pl": "croicnib",
"dat_sg": "crocunn",
"nom_pl2": "croicnea+L"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-neut"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "crocenn+N",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "crocenn+L",
"acc_pl2": "croicnea+L",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "crocenn+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-n",
"dat_du": "croicnib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "croicnib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "crocunn+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "crocenn",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "crocenn+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "crocainn+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "crocenn+N",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "crocenn+L",
"nom_pl2": "croicnea+L",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "crocenn+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "crocenn+N",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "crocenn+L",
"voc_pl2": "croicnea+L",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "crocenn+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"skin, hide"
],
"links": [
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
"hide",
"hide"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bark"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"husk"
],
"links": [
[
"husk",
"husk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of nuts) husk"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of nuts"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrokən͈/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "crocenn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for crocenn meaning in Old Irish (5.8kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: crocenn/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"crocenn"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "crocenn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"crocenn"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "crocenn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"crocenn"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "crocenn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for crocenn",
"path": [
"crocenn"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "crocenn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.