See conn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "conn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: conn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: conn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "conn"
},
"expansion": "Irish: conn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: conn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "conn",
"t": "sense, reason"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: conn (“sense, reason”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: conn (“sense, reason”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from the genitive singular and nominative plural cuinn and dative singular cunn, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom (“head”). In Primitive Irish, the genitive singular *kʷennī (attested as -ᚉᚓᚅᚅᚔ (-cennī)) raised to *kʷinnī and then the resulting *i was rounded by the initial labiovelar to result in Old Irish cuinn. In case-forms without raising, the etymological e remained as such since it was not regularly rounded by labiovelars, hence an original nominative singular cenn. Since u in o-stem nouns usually alternates with o, not e (which usually alternates with i in o-stems), two separate nouns, cenn and conn arose.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cuinn",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-masc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cuinn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cuinn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cunnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cunnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cuinn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cunn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "connaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "connaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chonn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "cuinn",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "conn m (genitive cuinn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "cuinn"
},
"expansion": "conn m (genitive cuinn)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cuinn",
"acc_pl": "cunnu",
"dat_sg": "cunn"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "conn+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "cunnu+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "conn+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-m",
"dat_du": "connaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "connaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cunn+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "conn",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "conn+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_pl4": "",
"gen_sg": "cuinn+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "conn+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "cuinn+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "conn",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "conn+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "cunnu+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cuinn",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"leader"
],
"id": "en-conn-sga-noun-TVtmCUNi",
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"adult, grown-up"
],
"id": "en-conn-sga-noun-DMIOKfKO",
"links": [
[
"adult",
"adult"
],
[
"grown-up",
"grown-up"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sense, intelligence"
],
"id": "en-conn-sga-noun-ADzFmh83",
"links": [
[
"sense",
"sense"
],
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "conn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Primitive Irish terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "conn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: conn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: conn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "conn"
},
"expansion": "Irish: conn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: conn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "conn",
"t": "sense, reason"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: conn (“sense, reason”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: conn (“sense, reason”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from the genitive singular and nominative plural cuinn and dative singular cunn, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom (“head”). In Primitive Irish, the genitive singular *kʷennī (attested as -ᚉᚓᚅᚅᚔ (-cennī)) raised to *kʷinnī and then the resulting *i was rounded by the initial labiovelar to result in Old Irish cuinn. In case-forms without raising, the etymological e remained as such since it was not regularly rounded by labiovelars, hence an original nominative singular cenn. Since u in o-stem nouns usually alternates with o, not e (which usually alternates with i in o-stems), two separate nouns, cenn and conn arose.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cuinn",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-masc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cuinn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cuinn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cunnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cunnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cuinn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cunn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "connaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "connaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chonn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "conn",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "cuinn",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "conn m (genitive cuinn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "cuinn"
},
"expansion": "conn m (genitive cuinn)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cuinn",
"acc_pl": "cunnu",
"dat_sg": "cunn"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "conn+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "cunnu+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "conn+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-m",
"dat_du": "connaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "connaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cunn+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "conn",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "conn+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_pl4": "",
"gen_sg": "cuinn+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "conn+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "cuinn+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "conn",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "conn+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "cunnu+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cuinn",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"leader"
],
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"adult, grown-up"
],
"links": [
[
"adult",
"adult"
],
[
"grown-up",
"grown-up"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sense, intelligence"
],
"links": [
[
"sense",
"sense"
],
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "conn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for conn meaning in Old Irish (5.0kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: conn/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"conn"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "conn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"conn"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "conn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"conn"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "conn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for conn",
"path": [
"conn"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "conn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.