ad- in Old Irish

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "a-"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: a-",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no longer productive"
          },
          "expansion": "(no longer productive)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: a- (no longer productive)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ad-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ad-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂éd",
        "4": "",
        "5": "near, at"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ad"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ad",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "at"
      },
      "expansion": "English at",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ad-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”). Cognates include Latin ad and English at.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ad-",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-ad-",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}"
      },
      "expansion": "ad-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ad-",
      "name": "sga-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a",
        "2": "d-"
      },
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to, towards"
      ],
      "id": "en-ad--sga-prefix-8Z5Bjywf",
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "towards",
          "towards"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in many compounds, it has a purely intensive sense"
      ],
      "id": "en-ad--sga-prefix-wfOHhEpK",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 24 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "con·birt (“you conceived”) + ad- → con·abairt (“you have conceived”) (forms of con·beir)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "con·melt (“(s)he rubbed”) + ad- → con·amailt (“(s)he had rubbed”) (forms of con·meil)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "·coscrad (“not destroyed”) + ad- → ·comscarad (“had not destroyed”) (past subjunctive prototonic forms of con·scara)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "con·gab (“it contained”) + ad- → con·acab (“it had contained”) (forms of con·gaib)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "·cotla + ad- → ·comthala (subjunctive forms of con·tuili (“to sleep”))",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "augment infix used instead of ro- on verbs whose first prefix is com- and the stressed syllable starts with a consonant"
      ],
      "id": "en-ad--sga-prefix-Ib8l~tng",
      "links": [
        [
          "ro-",
          "ro-#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "com-",
          "com-#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ad-"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish prefixes",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Pages with 9 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "a-"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: a-",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no longer productive"
          },
          "expansion": "(no longer productive)",
          "name": "i"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: a- (no longer productive)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ad-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ad-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂éd",
        "4": "",
        "5": "near, at"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ad"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ad",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "at"
      },
      "expansion": "English at",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ad-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”). Cognates include Latin ad and English at.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ad-",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-ad-",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}"
      },
      "expansion": "ad-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ad-",
      "name": "sga-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a",
        "2": "d-"
      },
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to, towards"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "towards",
          "towards"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in many compounds, it has a purely intensive sense"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "con·birt (“you conceived”) + ad- → con·abairt (“you have conceived”) (forms of con·beir)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "con·melt (“(s)he rubbed”) + ad- → con·amailt (“(s)he had rubbed”) (forms of con·meil)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "·coscrad (“not destroyed”) + ad- → ·comscarad (“had not destroyed”) (past subjunctive prototonic forms of con·scara)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "con·gab (“it contained”) + ad- → con·acab (“it had contained”) (forms of con·gaib)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "·cotla + ad- → ·comthala (subjunctive forms of con·tuili (“to sleep”))",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "augment infix used instead of ro- on verbs whose first prefix is com- and the stressed syllable starts with a consonant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ro-",
          "ro-#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "com-",
          "com-#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ad-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"ad-" meaning in Old Irish

Prefix