See én in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "éan"
},
"expansion": "Irish: éan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: éan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "eean"
},
"expansion": "Manx: eean",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: eean"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "eun"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: eun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: eun"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "senén",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Irish: senén",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Irish: senén"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peth₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸetnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸetnos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸetnos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "éuin",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "éoin",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "éuin",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "éoin",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-masc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éuin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éuin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "éunu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éunu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éuin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "énaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "énaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "éuin",
"15": "or",
"16": "éoin",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "éuin",
"7": "or",
"8": "éoin",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "én m (genitive éuin or éoin, nominative plural éuin or éoin)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "éuin",
"3": "éuin",
"gen2": "éoin",
"pl2": "éoin"
},
"expansion": "én m (genitive éuin or éoin, nominative plural éuin or éoin)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "éuin",
"acc_pl": "éunu",
"dat_sg": "éun"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "én+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "éunu+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "én+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-m",
"dat_du": "énaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "énaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "éun+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "én",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "én+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_pl4": "",
"gen_sg": "éuin+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "én+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "éuin+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "én",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "én+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "éunu+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "éuin",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Birds",
"orig": "sga:Birds",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bird"
],
"id": "en-én-sga-noun-elF57swP",
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hén"
}
],
"word": "én"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "én!",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "n-én",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "én!"
},
"expansion": "én!",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lo!"
],
"id": "en-én-sga-intj--bSBJBA~",
"links": [
[
"lo",
"lo"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hén"
}
],
"word": "én"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish interjections",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peth₂-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Birds",
"vi:Apodiforms",
"vi:Swallows"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "éan"
},
"expansion": "Irish: éan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: éan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "eean"
},
"expansion": "Manx: eean",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: eean"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "eun"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: eun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: eun"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "senén",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Irish: senén",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Irish: senén"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peth₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸetnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸetnos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸetnos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "éuin",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "éoin",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "éuin",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "éoin",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-masc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éuin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éuin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "éunu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éunu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éuin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "éun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "énaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "énaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "éuin",
"15": "or",
"16": "éoin",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "éuin",
"7": "or",
"8": "éoin",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "én m (genitive éuin or éoin, nominative plural éuin or éoin)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "éuin",
"3": "éuin",
"gen2": "éoin",
"pl2": "éoin"
},
"expansion": "én m (genitive éuin or éoin, nominative plural éuin or éoin)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "éuin",
"acc_pl": "éunu",
"dat_sg": "éun"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "én+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "éunu+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "én+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-m",
"dat_du": "énaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "énaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "éun+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "én",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "én+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_pl4": "",
"gen_sg": "éuin+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "én+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "éuin+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "én",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "én+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "éunu+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "éuin",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bird"
],
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hén"
}
],
"word": "én"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish interjections",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Birds",
"vi:Apodiforms",
"vi:Swallows"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "én!",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "én",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "n-én",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "én!"
},
"expansion": "én!",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lo!"
],
"links": [
[
"lo",
"lo"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hén"
}
],
"word": "én"
}
Download raw JSONL data for én meaning in Old Irish (5.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Initial mutations of a following adjective: *ᴴ = triggers aspiration *ᴸ = triggers lenition *ᴺ = triggers nasalization",
"path": [
"én"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "én",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: én/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"én"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "interjection",
"title": "én",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"én"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "interjection",
"title": "én",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"én"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "interjection",
"title": "én",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for n-én",
"path": [
"én"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "interjection",
"title": "én",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.