See torche in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "torche",
"3": "torque",
"q2": "etymology 2"
},
"expansion": "French: torche, (etymology 2) torque",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: torche, (etymology 2) torque"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "tortse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Dutch: tortse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Dutch: tortse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "toorts"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: toorts",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: toorts"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "torche",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: torche, torghe, torge, torch\nEnglish: torch",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: torche, torghe, torge, torch\nEnglish: torch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*torca",
"t": "coiled object"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *torca (“coiled object”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "torqua"
},
"expansion": "Latin torqua",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *torca (“coiled object”), from Latin torqua, variant of torquis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "torche oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "torches",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torche",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torches",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "torche oblique singular, f (oblique plural torches, nominative singular torche, nominative plural torches)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bundle (of sticks, hay, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-torche-fro-noun-~ZTt~39N",
"links": [
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"torch (stick with flame at one end)"
],
"id": "en-torche-fro-noun-eswtA~tD",
"links": [
[
"torch",
"torch"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɾt͡ʃə/",
"note": "classical"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɾd͡ʒə/",
"note": "classical"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɾkə/",
"note": "classical",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tourche"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "torce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tourse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Northern"
],
"word": "torke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "torge"
}
],
"word": "torche"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "torche",
"3": "torque",
"q2": "etymology 2"
},
"expansion": "French: torche, (etymology 2) torque",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: torche, (etymology 2) torque"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "tortse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Dutch: tortse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Dutch: tortse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "toorts"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: toorts",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: toorts"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "torche",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: torche, torghe, torge, torch\nEnglish: torch",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: torche, torghe, torge, torch\nEnglish: torch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*torca",
"t": "coiled object"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *torca (“coiled object”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "torqua"
},
"expansion": "Latin torqua",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *torca (“coiled object”), from Latin torqua, variant of torquis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "torche oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "torches",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torche",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "torches",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "torche oblique singular, f (oblique plural torches, nominative singular torche, nominative plural torches)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bundle (of sticks, hay, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"torch (stick with flame at one end)"
],
"links": [
[
"torch",
"torch"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɾt͡ʃə/",
"note": "classical"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɾd͡ʒə/",
"note": "classical"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɾkə/",
"note": "classical",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tourche"
},
{
"word": "torce"
},
{
"word": "tourse"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern"
],
"word": "torke"
},
{
"word": "torge"
}
],
"word": "torche"
}
Download raw JSONL data for torche meaning in Old French (2.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'torche oblique singular or', originally 'torche oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"torche"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "torche",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'torche oblique singular or', originally 'torche oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"torche"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "torche",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'torche oblique singular or' in 'torche oblique singular, f (oblique plural torches, nominative singular torche, nominative plural torches)'",
"path": [
"torche"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "torche",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.