"tenir" meaning in Old French

See tenir in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: Inherited from Early Medieval Latin tenīre, from Classical Latin tenēre. Etymology templates: {{root|fro|ine-pro|*ten-}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fro|la-eme|tenio|tenīre||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Early Medieval Latin tenīre, {{inh+|fro|la-eme|tenio|tenīre}} Inherited from Early Medieval Latin tenīre, {{inh|fro|CL.|teneo|tenēre}} Classical Latin tenēre Head templates: {{head|fro|verb}} tenir Inflection templates: {{fro-conj-tenir|}}, {{fro-conj-tv-enir|t|aux=|ei=|old=|refl=|repl=}}, {{fro-conj-iii|aux=|ei=|fut=endr|old=|pastp=enu|prefix=t|pres1s=ieng,ien|press=ien|prets=in|prettype=strong-id|pretu=en|refl=|repl=|sub=iegn|subier=yes}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], tenir [infinitive], avoir tenu [infinitive, multiword-construction], en tenant [gerund], gerund of avoir + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction], tenant [participle, present], tenu [participle, past], tieng [first-person, indicative, present, singular], tien [first-person, indicative, present, singular], tiens [indicative, present, second-person, singular], tient [indicative, present, singular, third-person], tenons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], tenez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], tienent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], tenoie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], teneie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], tenoies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], teneies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], tenoit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], teneit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], teniiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], teniens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], teniiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], teniez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], tenoient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], teneient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], tin [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], tenis [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], tint [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], tenimes [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], tenistes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], tindrent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], tinrent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], tendrai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], tendras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], tendra [future, indicative, singular, third-person], tendrons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], tendroiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], tendreiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], tendrez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], tendront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], tendroie [conditional, first-person, singular], tendreie [conditional, first-person, singular], tendroies [conditional, second-person, singular], tendreies [conditional, second-person, singular], tendroit [conditional, singular, third-person], tendreit [conditional, singular, third-person], tendriiens [conditional, first-person, plural], tendriens [conditional, first-person, plural], tendriiez [conditional, plural, second-person], tendriez [conditional, plural, second-person], tendroient [conditional, plural, third-person], tendreient [conditional, plural, third-person], present tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], preterite tense of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future tense of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional tense of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], tiegne [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], tiegnes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], tiegne [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], tiegniens [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], tiegnons [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], tiegniez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], tiegnent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], tenisse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], tenisses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], tenist [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], tenissons [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], tenissiens [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], tenissoiz [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], tenissez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], tenissiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], tenissent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], tien [imperative, second-person, singular], tenons [first-person, imperative, plural], tenez [imperative, plural, second-person]
  1. to possess; to have
    Sense id: en-tenir-fro-verb-XWxC9i-p Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -ir, Old French verbs with stem alternations, Old French verbs with strong-id preterite Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 53 47 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -ir: 47 53 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with stem alternations: 47 53 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with strong-id preterite: 47 53
  2. to hold
    Sense id: en-tenir-fro-verb-wddo9PTy Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -ir, Old French verbs with stem alternations, Old French verbs with strong-id preterite Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 53 47 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -ir: 47 53 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with stem alternations: 47 53 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with strong-id preterite: 47 53
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: tenoir (alt: rare; < Latin tenēre)

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for tenir meaning in Old French (12.6kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "tenir"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: tenir\nFrench: tenir\nSaint Dominican Creole French: tini",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: tenir\nFrench: tenir\nSaint Dominican Creole French: tini"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "tenir"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: tenir",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: tenir"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wa",
            "2": "tni",
            "3": "tini"
          },
          "expansion": "Walloon: tni, tini",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Walloon: tni, tini"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "teynen",
            "alts": "1",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: teynen, tainen, tenen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: teynen, tainen, tenen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "tennis",
            "bor": "1",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→⇒ English: tennis",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "via second-person imperative <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"fro\">tenez</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "(via second-person imperative tenez)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→⇒ English: tennis (see there for further descendants) (via second-person imperative tenez)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ten-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "tenio",
        "4": "tenīre",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Early Medieval Latin tenīre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "tenio",
        "4": "tenīre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin tenīre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "CL.",
        "3": "teneo",
        "4": "tenēre"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Latin tenēre",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin tenīre, from Classical Latin tenēre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-tenir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir tenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en tenant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tieng",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tienent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teneie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teneies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teneit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teniiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teniens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teniiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teniez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teneient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenimes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenistes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tindrent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tinrent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendrai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendra",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendrons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendrez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegnes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegniens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegnons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegniez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegnent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenisses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "tenir",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": ""
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-tenir"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "t",
        "aux": "",
        "ei": "",
        "old": "",
        "refl": "",
        "repl": ""
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-tv-enir"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aux": "",
        "ei": "",
        "fut": "endr",
        "old": "",
        "pastp": "enu",
        "prefix": "t",
        "pres1s": "ieng,ien",
        "press": "ien",
        "prets": "in",
        "prettype": "strong-id",
        "pretu": "en",
        "refl": "",
        "repl": "",
        "sub": "iegn",
        "subier": "yes"
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-iii"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -ir",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with stem alternations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with strong-id preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to possess; to have"
      ],
      "id": "en-tenir-fro-verb-XWxC9i-p",
      "links": [
        [
          "possess",
          "possess"
        ],
        [
          "have",
          "have"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -ir",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with stem alternations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with strong-id preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to hold"
      ],
      "id": "en-tenir-fro-verb-wddo9PTy",
      "links": [
        [
          "hold",
          "hold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "rare; < Latin tenēre",
      "word": "tenoir"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tenir"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French irregular verbs",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French terms derived from Classical Latin",
    "Old French terms derived from Early Medieval Latin",
    "Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ten-",
    "Old French terms inherited from Classical Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin",
    "Old French third group verbs",
    "Old French verbs",
    "Old French verbs ending in -ir",
    "Old French verbs with stem alternations",
    "Old French verbs with strong-id preterite",
    "Old Occitan entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Occitan lemmas",
    "Old Occitan terms derived from Classical Latin",
    "Old Occitan terms derived from Early Medieval Latin",
    "Old Occitan terms inherited from Classical Latin",
    "Old Occitan terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin",
    "Old Occitan verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "tenir"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: tenir\nFrench: tenir\nSaint Dominican Creole French: tini",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: tenir\nFrench: tenir\nSaint Dominican Creole French: tini"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "tenir"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: tenir",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: tenir"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wa",
            "2": "tni",
            "3": "tini"
          },
          "expansion": "Walloon: tni, tini",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Walloon: tni, tini"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "teynen",
            "alts": "1",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: teynen, tainen, tenen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: teynen, tainen, tenen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "tennis",
            "bor": "1",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→⇒ English: tennis",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "via second-person imperative <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"fro\">tenez</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "(via second-person imperative tenez)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→⇒ English: tennis (see there for further descendants) (via second-person imperative tenez)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ten-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "tenio",
        "4": "tenīre",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Early Medieval Latin tenīre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "tenio",
        "4": "tenīre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin tenīre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "CL.",
        "3": "teneo",
        "4": "tenēre"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Latin tenēre",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin tenīre, from Classical Latin tenēre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-tenir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir tenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en tenant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tieng",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tienent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teneie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teneies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teneit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teniiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teniens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teniiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teniez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "teneient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenimes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenistes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tindrent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tinrent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendrai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendra",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendrons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendrez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tendreient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegnes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegniens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegnons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegniez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tiegnent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenisses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "tenir",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": ""
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-tenir"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "t",
        "aux": "",
        "ei": "",
        "old": "",
        "refl": "",
        "repl": ""
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-tv-enir"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aux": "",
        "ei": "",
        "fut": "endr",
        "old": "",
        "pastp": "enu",
        "prefix": "t",
        "pres1s": "ieng,ien",
        "press": "ien",
        "prets": "in",
        "prettype": "strong-id",
        "pretu": "en",
        "refl": "",
        "repl": "",
        "sub": "iegn",
        "subier": "yes"
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-iii"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to possess; to have"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "possess",
          "possess"
        ],
        [
          "have",
          "have"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hold"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hold",
          "hold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "alt": "rare; < Latin tenēre",
      "word": "tenoir"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tenir"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.