See putain in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pute",
"3": "putain"
},
"expansion": "French: pute, putain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: pute, putain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "putain",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: putain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: putain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "putan",
"3": "putane",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: putan, putane",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: putan, putane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "puttana",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: puttana",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: puttana (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "putanã",
"bor": "2"
},
"expansion": "→ Aromanian: putanã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aromanian: putanã"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "putan-a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Piedmontese: putan-a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Piedmontese: putan-a"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "pūtta"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin pūtta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūta",
"t": "girl"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūta (“girl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "putana",
"3": "putan(a)"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan putan(a)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "putta",
"t": "prostitute"
},
"expansion": "Latin putta (“prostitute”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pute with the suffix -ain, -aine, or from Vulgar Latin pūtta/*pūttāna, from Latin pūta (“girl”). Compare Old Occitan putan(a).\nLatin putta (“prostitute”) is attested in the sixth century (Gregory of Tours). The change of meaning from \"girl\" to \"prostitute\" is due to euphemism, a process that is well known to other periods and languages.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "putain oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "putains",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pute",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putains",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "putains",
"3": "pute",
"4": "putains"
},
"expansion": "putain oblique singular, f (oblique plural putains, nominative singular pute, nominative plural putains)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"whore, prostitute, bitch"
],
"id": "en-putain-fro-noun-Watn1x~P",
"links": [
[
"whore",
"whore"
],
[
"prostitute",
"prostitute"
],
[
"bitch",
"bitch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar) whore, prostitute, bitch"
],
"tags": [
"vulgar"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gregory of Tours"
]
}
],
"word": "putain"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pute",
"3": "putain"
},
"expansion": "French: pute, putain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: pute, putain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "putain",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: putain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: putain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "putan",
"3": "putane",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: putan, putane",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: putan, putane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "puttana",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: puttana",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: puttana (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "putanã",
"bor": "2"
},
"expansion": "→ Aromanian: putanã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aromanian: putanã"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "putan-a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Piedmontese: putan-a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Piedmontese: putan-a"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "pūtta"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin pūtta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūta",
"t": "girl"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūta (“girl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "putana",
"3": "putan(a)"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan putan(a)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "putta",
"t": "prostitute"
},
"expansion": "Latin putta (“prostitute”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pute with the suffix -ain, -aine, or from Vulgar Latin pūtta/*pūttāna, from Latin pūta (“girl”). Compare Old Occitan putan(a).\nLatin putta (“prostitute”) is attested in the sixth century (Gregory of Tours). The change of meaning from \"girl\" to \"prostitute\" is due to euphemism, a process that is well known to other periods and languages.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "putain oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "putains",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pute",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putains",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "putains",
"3": "pute",
"4": "putains"
},
"expansion": "putain oblique singular, f (oblique plural putains, nominative singular pute, nominative plural putains)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French irregular nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French vulgarities",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"whore, prostitute, bitch"
],
"links": [
[
"whore",
"whore"
],
[
"prostitute",
"prostitute"
],
[
"bitch",
"bitch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vulgar) whore, prostitute, bitch"
],
"tags": [
"vulgar"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gregory of Tours"
]
}
],
"word": "putain"
}
Download raw JSONL data for putain meaning in Old French (3.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'putain oblique singular or', originally 'putain oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"putain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "putain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'putain oblique singular or', originally 'putain oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"putain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "putain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'putain oblique singular or' in 'putain oblique singular, f (oblique plural putains, nominative singular pute, nominative plural putains)'",
"path": [
"putain"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "putain",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.