See fromage in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ang",
"2": "formaige"
},
"expansion": "Angevin: formaige",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Angevin: formaige"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-brg",
"2": "formaige",
"3": "frômaige"
},
"expansion": "Bourguignon: formaige, frômaige",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bourguignon: formaige, frômaige"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-cha",
"2": "fronmège"
},
"expansion": "Champenois: fronmège",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Champenois: fronmège"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-fcm",
"2": "fromaidge"
},
"expansion": "Franc-Comtois: fromaidge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franc-Comtois: fromaidge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-gal",
"2": "fórmaij"
},
"expansion": "Gallo: fórmaij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gallo: fórmaij"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-lor",
"2": "freumêge",
"3": "fromêge"
},
"expansion": "Lorrain: freumêge, fromêge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lorrain: freumêge, fromêge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "formage"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: formage, fromage, froumaige\nFrench: fromage, formage (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: formage, fromage, froumaige\nFrench: fromage, formage (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fronmage"
},
"expansion": "Norman: fronmage",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jersey"
},
"expansion": "(Jersey)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Guernsey"
},
"expansion": "(Guernsey)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Norman: fronmage (Jersey), fromage (Guernsey)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-poi",
"2": "frmajhe",
"3": "froumajhe"
},
"expansion": "Poitevin-Saintongeais: frmajhe, froumajhe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Poitevin-Saintongeais: frmajhe, froumajhe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "froumadje"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: froumadje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: froumadje"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "formaggio"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: formaggio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: formaggio"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "formagg"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: formagg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: formagg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "formagg"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: formagg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: formagg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "furmagliu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: furmagliu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: furmagliu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "formaggio"
},
"expansion": "Italian: formaggio\n→ Amharic: ፎርማጆ (formaǧo)\n→ Somali: farmaajo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Italian: formaggio\n→ Amharic: ፎርማጆ (formaǧo)\n→ Somali: farmaajo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "furmaggio"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: furmaggio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: furmaggio"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-tar",
"2": "frummàgge"
},
"expansion": "Tarantino: frummàgge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tarantino: frummàgge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "furmaggiu",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: furmaggiu, frummaggiu, frumaggiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: furmaggiu, frummaggiu, frumaggiu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "formache"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: formache",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: formache"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "formayu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: formayu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: formayu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "formaxe"
},
"expansion": "Galician: formaxe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: formaxe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "formaje"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: formaje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: formaje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Others:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "fōrmāgium",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Medieval Latin: fōrmāgium",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Medieval Latin: fōrmāgium"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "formizzi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old High German: formizzi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old High German: formizzi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "fōrmāticum"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin fōrmāticum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "former",
"3": "-age",
"t1": "to shape"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, former (“to shape”) + -age",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin fōrmāticum (attested from circa 800). By surface analysis, former (“to shape”) + -age.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fromage oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "fromages",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fromages",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fromage",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "fromage oblique singular, m (oblique plural fromages, nominative singular fromages, nominative plural fromage)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French terms suffixed with -age",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French words derived through metathesis",
"parents": [
"Words derived through metathesis",
"Terms by etymology"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cheese"
],
"id": "en-fromage-fro-noun-hzrJ~-pN",
"links": [
[
"cheese",
"cheese"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "frumage"
},
{
"word": "formage"
},
{
"word": "fourmage"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/foɾˈmad͡ʒə/",
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɾoˈmad͡ʒə/",
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuɾˈmad͡ʒə/",
"note": "classical"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɾuˈmad͡ʒə/",
"note": "classical"
}
],
"word": "fromage"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ang",
"2": "formaige"
},
"expansion": "Angevin: formaige",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Angevin: formaige"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-brg",
"2": "formaige",
"3": "frômaige"
},
"expansion": "Bourguignon: formaige, frômaige",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bourguignon: formaige, frômaige"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-cha",
"2": "fronmège"
},
"expansion": "Champenois: fronmège",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Champenois: fronmège"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-fcm",
"2": "fromaidge"
},
"expansion": "Franc-Comtois: fromaidge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franc-Comtois: fromaidge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-gal",
"2": "fórmaij"
},
"expansion": "Gallo: fórmaij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gallo: fórmaij"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-lor",
"2": "freumêge",
"3": "fromêge"
},
"expansion": "Lorrain: freumêge, fromêge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lorrain: freumêge, fromêge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "formage"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: formage, fromage, froumaige\nFrench: fromage, formage (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: formage, fromage, froumaige\nFrench: fromage, formage (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fronmage"
},
"expansion": "Norman: fronmage",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jersey"
},
"expansion": "(Jersey)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Guernsey"
},
"expansion": "(Guernsey)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Norman: fronmage (Jersey), fromage (Guernsey)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-poi",
"2": "frmajhe",
"3": "froumajhe"
},
"expansion": "Poitevin-Saintongeais: frmajhe, froumajhe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Poitevin-Saintongeais: frmajhe, froumajhe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "froumadje"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: froumadje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: froumadje"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "formaggio"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: formaggio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: formaggio"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "formagg"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: formagg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: formagg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "formagg"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: formagg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: formagg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "furmagliu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: furmagliu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: furmagliu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "formaggio"
},
"expansion": "Italian: formaggio\n→ Amharic: ፎርማጆ (formaǧo)\n→ Somali: farmaajo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Italian: formaggio\n→ Amharic: ፎርማጆ (formaǧo)\n→ Somali: farmaajo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "furmaggio"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: furmaggio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: furmaggio"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-tar",
"2": "frummàgge"
},
"expansion": "Tarantino: frummàgge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tarantino: frummàgge"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "furmaggiu",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: furmaggiu, frummaggiu, frumaggiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: furmaggiu, frummaggiu, frumaggiu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "formache"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: formache",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: formache"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "formayu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: formayu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: formayu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "formaxe"
},
"expansion": "Galician: formaxe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: formaxe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "formaje"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: formaje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: formaje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Others:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "fōrmāgium",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Medieval Latin: fōrmāgium",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Medieval Latin: fōrmāgium"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "formizzi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old High German: formizzi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old High German: formizzi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "fōrmāticum"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin fōrmāticum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "former",
"3": "-age",
"t1": "to shape"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, former (“to shape”) + -age",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin fōrmāticum (attested from circa 800). By surface analysis, former (“to shape”) + -age.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fromage oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "fromages",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fromages",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fromage",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "fromage oblique singular, m (oblique plural fromages, nominative singular fromages, nominative plural fromage)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Early Medieval Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin",
"Old French terms suffixed with -age",
"Old French words derived through metathesis",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"cheese"
],
"links": [
[
"cheese",
"cheese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/foɾˈmad͡ʒə/",
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɾoˈmad͡ʒə/",
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuɾˈmad͡ʒə/",
"note": "classical"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɾuˈmad͡ʒə/",
"note": "classical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "frumage"
},
{
"word": "formage"
},
{
"word": "fourmage"
}
],
"word": "fromage"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fromage meaning in Old French (6.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'fromage oblique singular or', originally 'fromage oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"fromage"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "fromage",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'fromage oblique singular or', originally 'fromage oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"fromage"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "fromage",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'fromage oblique singular or' in 'fromage oblique singular, m (oblique plural fromages, nominative singular fromages, nominative plural fromage)'",
"path": [
"fromage"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "fromage",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (f889f65 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.