"entreprendre" meaning in Old French

See entreprendre in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From entre + prendre, by calque of Frankish *underneman (“to undertake”), from *under (“between, among”) + *neman (“to take”). Compare Old High German untarneman (“undertake”) (German Unternehmen), Old English underniman (“undertake”), Dutch ondernemen (“undertake”). Etymology templates: {{af|fro|entre|prendre}} entre + prendre, {{calque|fro|frk|*underneman||to undertake|nocap=1}} calque of Frankish *underneman (“to undertake”), {{cog|goh|untarneman||undertake}} Old High German untarneman (“undertake”), {{cog|de|Unternehmen}} German Unternehmen, {{cog|ang|underniman||undertake}} Old English underniman (“undertake”), {{cog|nl|ondernemen||undertake}} Dutch ondernemen (“undertake”) Head templates: {{head|fro|verb}} entreprendre Inflection templates: {{fro-conj-prendre|entre}}, {{fro-conj-iii|pastp=pris|prefix=entre|pres=pren|pres1s=preing,pren|pres2s=prenz|prets=pri|prettype=strong-sd|pretu=pre|repl=|sub2=///preigniens,preignons/preigniez/|subs=preign}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], entreprendre [infinitive], avoir entrepris [infinitive, multiword-construction], en entreprenant [gerund], gerund of avoir + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction], entreprenant [participle, present], entrepris [participle, past], entrepreing [first-person, indicative, present, singular], entrepren [first-person, indicative, present, singular], entreprenz [indicative, present, second-person, singular], entreprent [indicative, present, singular, third-person], entreprenons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], entreprenez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], entreprenent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], entreprenoie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], entrepreneie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], entreprenoies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], entrepreneies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], entreprenoit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], entrepreneit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], entrepreniiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], entrepreniens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], entrepreniiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], entrepreniez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], entreprenoient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], entrepreneient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], entrepris [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], entrepreṣis [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], entreprist [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], entrepreṣimes [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], entrepreṣistes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], entreprisdrent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], entreprendrai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], entreprendras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], entreprendra [future, indicative, singular, third-person], entreprendrons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], entreprendroiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], entreprendreiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], entreprendrez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], entreprendront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], entreprendroie [conditional, first-person, singular], entreprendreie [conditional, first-person, singular], entreprendroies [conditional, second-person, singular], entreprendreies [conditional, second-person, singular], entreprendroit [conditional, singular, third-person], entreprendreit [conditional, singular, third-person], entreprendriiens [conditional, first-person, plural], entreprendriens [conditional, first-person, plural], entreprendriiez [conditional, plural, second-person], entreprendriez [conditional, plural, second-person], entreprendroient [conditional, plural, third-person], entreprendreient [conditional, plural, third-person], present tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], preterite tense of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future tense of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional tense of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], entrepreigne [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], entrepreignes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], entrepreigne [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], entreprenons [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], entrepreigniens [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], entrepreignons [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], entreprenez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], entrepreigniez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], entrepreignent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], entrepreṣisse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], entrepreṣisses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], entrepreṣist [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], entrepreṣissons [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], entrepreṣissiens [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], entrepreṣissoiz [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], entrepreṣissez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], entrepreṣissiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], entrepreṣissent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], entrepren [imperative, second-person, singular], entreprenons [first-person, imperative, plural], entreprenez [imperative, plural, second-person]
  1. to capture; to take; to abduct
    Sense id: en-entreprendre-fro-verb-SmnsTt6a
  2. to undertake (a responsibility, etc.)
    Sense id: en-entreprendre-fro-verb-bofVSl4F
  3. to protect
    Sense id: en-entreprendre-fro-verb-9gy7nNLb
  4. to take (reciprocally)
    Sense id: en-entreprendre-fro-verb-NosbiRQa Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -re, Old French verbs with stem alternations, Old French verbs with strong-sd preterite Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 27 27 3 5 9 29 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -re: 20 20 6 7 8 40 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with stem alternations: 20 20 5 7 7 41 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with strong-sd preterite: 20 20 6 8 7 40

Download JSON data for entreprendre meaning in Old French (12.6kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "entreprendre"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: entreprendre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: entreprendre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "enterprise"
          },
          "expansion": "English: enterprise",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed from Middle French entreprise, from the verb entreprendre"
          },
          "expansion": "(borrowed from Middle French entreprise, from the verb entreprendre)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: enterprise (borrowed from Middle French entreprise, from the verb entreprendre)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "entreprendre"
          },
          "expansion": "French: entreprendre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: entreprendre"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "entre",
        "3": "prendre"
      },
      "expansion": "entre + prendre",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*underneman",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to undertake",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Frankish *underneman (“to undertake”)",
      "name": "calque"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "untarneman",
        "3": "",
        "4": "undertake"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German untarneman (“undertake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Unternehmen"
      },
      "expansion": "German Unternehmen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "underniman",
        "3": "",
        "4": "undertake"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English underniman (“undertake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ondernemen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "undertake"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch ondernemen (“undertake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From entre + prendre, by calque of Frankish *underneman (“to undertake”), from *under (“between, among”) + *neman (“to take”). Compare Old High German untarneman (“undertake”) (German Unternehmen), Old English underniman (“undertake”), Dutch ondernemen (“undertake”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-prendre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir entrepris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en entreprenant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreing",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreneie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreneies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreneit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreniiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreniens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreniiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreniez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreneient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣimes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣistes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprisdrent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendrai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendra",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendrons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendrez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreigne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreignes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreigne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreigniens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreignons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreigniez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreignent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣisses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "entreprendre",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "entre"
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-prendre"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pastp": "pris",
        "prefix": "entre",
        "pres": "pren",
        "pres1s": "preing,pren",
        "pres2s": "prenz",
        "prets": "pri",
        "prettype": "strong-sd",
        "pretu": "pre",
        "repl": "",
        "sub2": "///preigniens,preignons/preigniez/",
        "subs": "preign"
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-iii"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to capture; to take; to abduct"
      ],
      "id": "en-entreprendre-fro-verb-SmnsTt6a",
      "links": [
        [
          "capture",
          "capture"
        ],
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ],
        [
          "abduct",
          "abduct"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to undertake (a responsibility, etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-entreprendre-fro-verb-bofVSl4F",
      "links": [
        [
          "undertake",
          "undertake"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to protect"
      ],
      "id": "en-entreprendre-fro-verb-9gy7nNLb",
      "links": [
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 27 3 5 9 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 6 7 8 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -re",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 5 7 7 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with stem alternations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 6 8 7 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with strong-sd preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Then they took each other by the fingers",
          "text": "Puis s'entreprendent par les dois",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to take (reciprocally)"
      ],
      "id": "en-entreprendre-fro-verb-NosbiRQa",
      "links": [
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "entreprendre"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old French compound terms",
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French irregular verbs",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French terms calqued from Frankish",
    "Old French terms derived from Frankish",
    "Old French third group verbs",
    "Old French verbs",
    "Old French verbs ending in -re",
    "Old French verbs with stem alternations",
    "Old French verbs with strong-sd preterite"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "entreprendre"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: entreprendre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: entreprendre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "enterprise"
          },
          "expansion": "English: enterprise",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed from Middle French entreprise, from the verb entreprendre"
          },
          "expansion": "(borrowed from Middle French entreprise, from the verb entreprendre)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: enterprise (borrowed from Middle French entreprise, from the verb entreprendre)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "entreprendre"
          },
          "expansion": "French: entreprendre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: entreprendre"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "entre",
        "3": "prendre"
      },
      "expansion": "entre + prendre",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*underneman",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to undertake",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Frankish *underneman (“to undertake”)",
      "name": "calque"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "untarneman",
        "3": "",
        "4": "undertake"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German untarneman (“undertake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Unternehmen"
      },
      "expansion": "German Unternehmen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "underniman",
        "3": "",
        "4": "undertake"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English underniman (“undertake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ondernemen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "undertake"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch ondernemen (“undertake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From entre + prendre, by calque of Frankish *underneman (“to undertake”), from *under (“between, among”) + *neman (“to take”). Compare Old High German untarneman (“undertake”) (German Unternehmen), Old English underniman (“undertake”), Dutch ondernemen (“undertake”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-prendre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir entrepris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en entreprenant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreing",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreneie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreneies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreneit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreniiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreniens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreniiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreniez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreneient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣimes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣistes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprisdrent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendrai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendra",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendrons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendrez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprendreient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreigne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreignes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreigne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreigniens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreignons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreigniez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreignent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣisses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepreṣissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entrepren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "entreprenez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "entreprendre",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "entre"
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-prendre"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pastp": "pris",
        "prefix": "entre",
        "pres": "pren",
        "pres1s": "preing,pren",
        "pres2s": "prenz",
        "prets": "pri",
        "prettype": "strong-sd",
        "pretu": "pre",
        "repl": "",
        "sub2": "///preigniens,preignons/preigniez/",
        "subs": "preign"
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-iii"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to capture; to take; to abduct"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "capture",
          "capture"
        ],
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ],
        [
          "abduct",
          "abduct"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to undertake (a responsibility, etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "undertake",
          "undertake"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to protect"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old French terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Then they took each other by the fingers",
          "text": "Puis s'entreprendent par les dois",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to take (reciprocally)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "entreprendre"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.