"coper" meaning in Old French

See coper in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: cop + -er, with cop deriving from Vulgar Latin *colpus, from colaphus. Generally said to be from an earlier colper, corresponding to a Vulgar Latin verb *colpāre (related to Early Medieval Latin colpus), syncopated form of *colaphāre, from Latin colaphus. Compare Old Spanish golpar, colpar, Old Galician-Portuguese golpar, golbar, Old Occitan colpar, copar. Alternatively, possibly from Vulgar Latin *cuppāre (“to behead”), from caput (“head”), although this is unlikely. Etymology templates: {{suffix|fro|cop|er}} cop + -er, {{m|fro|cop}} cop, {{m|la|*colpus}} *colpus, {{m|la|colaphus}} colaphus, {{m|fro|colper}} colper, {{inh|fro|VL.|-}} Vulgar Latin, {{m|la||*colpāre}} *colpāre, {{m|la|colpus}} colpus, {{m|la||*colaphāre}} *colaphāre, {{inh|fro|la|colaphus}} Latin colaphus, {{cog|osp|golpar}} Old Spanish golpar, {{m|osp|colpar}} colpar, {{cog|roa-opt|golpar}} Old Galician-Portuguese golpar, {{m|roa-opt|golbar}} golbar, {{cog|pro|colpar}} Old Occitan colpar, {{m|pro|copar}} copar, {{m|la||*cuppāre|to behead}} *cuppāre (“to behead”), {{m|la|caput||head}} caput (“head”) Head templates: {{head|fro|verb}} coper Inflection templates: {{fro-conj-er}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], coper [infinitive], avoir copé [infinitive, multiword-construction], en copant [gerund], gerund of avoir + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction], copant [participle, present], copé [participle, past], cop [first-person, indicative, present, singular], copes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], cope [indicative, present, singular, third-person], copons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], copez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], copent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], copoie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], copeie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], copoe [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], copeve [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], copoies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], copeies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], copoes [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], copeves [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], copoit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], copeit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], copot [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], copeve [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], copiiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], copiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], copiiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], copiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], copoient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], copeient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], copoent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], copevent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], copai [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], copas [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], copa [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], copames [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], copastes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], coperent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], coperai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], coperas [future, indicative, second-person, singular], copera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], coperons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], coperoiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], copereiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], coperez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], coperont [future, indicative, plural, third-person], coperoie [conditional, first-person, singular], copereie [conditional, first-person, singular], coperoies [conditional, second-person, singular], copereies [conditional, second-person, singular], coperoit [conditional, singular, third-person], copereit [conditional, singular, third-person], coperiiens [conditional, first-person, plural], coperiens [conditional, first-person, plural], coperiiez [conditional, plural, second-person], coperiez [conditional, plural, second-person], coperoient [conditional, plural, third-person], copereient [conditional, plural, third-person], present tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], preterite tense of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future tense of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional tense of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], cop [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], cos [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], cot [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], copons [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], copez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], copent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], copasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], copasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], copast [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], copissons [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], copissiens [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], copissoiz [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], copissez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], copissiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], copassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], cope [imperative, second-person, singular], copons [first-person, imperative, plural], copez [imperative, plural, second-person]
  1. to cut Synonyms: colper, couper Related terms: cop, colp
    Sense id: en-coper-fro-verb-1M9vpHcE Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French terms suffixed with -er, Old French verbs ending in -er, Old French verbs with weak-a preterite

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for coper meaning in Old French (12.8kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "couper"
          },
          "expansion": "French: couper",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: couper"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "copaïr"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: copaïr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Guernsey"
          },
          "expansion": "(Guernsey)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "coper"
          },
          "expansion": "coper",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Jersey"
          },
          "expansion": "(Jersey)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: copaïr (Guernsey), coper (Jersey)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wa",
            "2": "côper"
          },
          "expansion": "Walloon: côper",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Walloon: côper"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "cop",
        "3": "er"
      },
      "expansion": "cop + -er",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "cop"
      },
      "expansion": "cop",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*colpus"
      },
      "expansion": "*colpus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "colaphus"
      },
      "expansion": "colaphus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "colper"
      },
      "expansion": "colper",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*colpāre"
      },
      "expansion": "*colpāre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "colpus"
      },
      "expansion": "colpus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*colaphāre"
      },
      "expansion": "*colaphāre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "colaphus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin colaphus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osp",
        "2": "golpar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Spanish golpar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osp",
        "2": "colpar"
      },
      "expansion": "colpar",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-opt",
        "2": "golpar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese golpar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-opt",
        "2": "golbar"
      },
      "expansion": "golbar",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pro",
        "2": "colpar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Occitan colpar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pro",
        "2": "copar"
      },
      "expansion": "copar",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*cuppāre",
        "4": "to behead"
      },
      "expansion": "*cuppāre (“to behead”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "caput",
        "3": "",
        "4": "head"
      },
      "expansion": "caput (“head”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "cop + -er, with cop deriving from Vulgar Latin *colpus, from colaphus. Generally said to be from an earlier colper, corresponding to a Vulgar Latin verb *colpāre (related to Early Medieval Latin colpus), syncopated form of *colaphāre, from Latin colaphus. Compare Old Spanish golpar, colpar, Old Galician-Portuguese golpar, golbar, Old Occitan colpar, copar.\nAlternatively, possibly from Vulgar Latin *cuppāre (“to behead”), from caput (“head”), although this is unlikely.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coper",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir copé",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en copant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copé",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cop",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cope",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copevent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cop",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cope",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "coper",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-er"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French terms suffixed with -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He cut off his head",
          "ref": "c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide",
          "text": "La teste li eüst copee",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut"
      ],
      "id": "en-coper-fro-verb-1M9vpHcE",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "cop"
        },
        {
          "word": "colp"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "colper"
        },
        {
          "word": "couper"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "coper"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "couper"
          },
          "expansion": "French: couper",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: couper"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "copaïr"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: copaïr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Guernsey"
          },
          "expansion": "(Guernsey)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "coper"
          },
          "expansion": "coper",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Jersey"
          },
          "expansion": "(Jersey)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: copaïr (Guernsey), coper (Jersey)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wa",
            "2": "côper"
          },
          "expansion": "Walloon: côper",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Walloon: côper"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "cop",
        "3": "er"
      },
      "expansion": "cop + -er",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "cop"
      },
      "expansion": "cop",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*colpus"
      },
      "expansion": "*colpus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "colaphus"
      },
      "expansion": "colaphus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "colper"
      },
      "expansion": "colper",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*colpāre"
      },
      "expansion": "*colpāre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "colpus"
      },
      "expansion": "colpus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*colaphāre"
      },
      "expansion": "*colaphāre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "colaphus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin colaphus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osp",
        "2": "golpar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Spanish golpar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osp",
        "2": "colpar"
      },
      "expansion": "colpar",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-opt",
        "2": "golpar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese golpar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-opt",
        "2": "golbar"
      },
      "expansion": "golbar",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pro",
        "2": "colpar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Occitan colpar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pro",
        "2": "copar"
      },
      "expansion": "copar",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*cuppāre",
        "4": "to behead"
      },
      "expansion": "*cuppāre (“to behead”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "caput",
        "3": "",
        "4": "head"
      },
      "expansion": "caput (“head”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "cop + -er, with cop deriving from Vulgar Latin *colpus, from colaphus. Generally said to be from an earlier colper, corresponding to a Vulgar Latin verb *colpāre (related to Early Medieval Latin colpus), syncopated form of *colaphāre, from Latin colaphus. Compare Old Spanish golpar, colpar, Old Galician-Portuguese golpar, golbar, Old Occitan colpar, copar.\nAlternatively, possibly from Vulgar Latin *cuppāre (“to behead”), from caput (“head”), although this is unlikely.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coper",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir copé",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en copant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copé",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cop",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cope",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copeient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copoent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copevent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coperoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cop",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cope",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "copez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "coper",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-er"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "cop"
    },
    {
      "word": "colp"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old French first group verbs",
        "Old French lemmas",
        "Old French terms derived from Latin",
        "Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
        "Old French terms inherited from Latin",
        "Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
        "Old French terms suffixed with -er",
        "Old French terms with quotations",
        "Old French verbs",
        "Old French verbs ending in -er",
        "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He cut off his head",
          "ref": "c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide",
          "text": "La teste li eüst copee",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "colper"
    },
    {
      "word": "couper"
    }
  ],
  "word": "coper"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.