"unfriþ" meaning in Old English

See unfriþ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *unfriþu, from Proto-Germanic *unfriþuz. By surface analysis, un- + friþ. Compare Dutch onvrede (“displeasure, quarrel”), German Unfriede (“strife”) and Old Norse úfriðr (“war, hostilities”). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*unfriþu}} Proto-West Germanic *unfriþu, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*unfriþuz}} Proto-Germanic *unfriþuz, {{surf|ang|un-|friþ}} By surface analysis, un- + friþ, {{cog|nl|onvrede|t=displeasure, quarrel}} Dutch onvrede (“displeasure, quarrel”), {{cog|de|Unfriede|t=strife}} German Unfriede (“strife”), {{cog|non|úfriðr|t=war, hostilities}} Old Norse úfriðr (“war, hostilities”) Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=n|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} unfriþ n, {{ang-noun|n}} unfriþ n Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-a-n|unfriþ|short=1}}, {{ang-decl-noun|unfriþ|unfriþu|unfriþ|unfriþu|unfriþes|unfriþa|unfriþe|unfriþum|num=|title=|type=strong a-stem}} Forms: strong [table-tags], unfriþ [nominative, singular], unfriþu [nominative, plural], unfriþ [accusative, singular], unfriþu [accusative, plural], unfriþes [genitive, singular], unfriþa [genitive, plural], unfriþe [dative, singular], unfriþum [dative, plural]
  1. absence of peace, hostility Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-unfriþ-ang-noun-n2Cw64oo
  2. the state of being out of the king's peace Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-unfriþ-ang-noun-P7~0ddYr Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Old English terms prefixed with un-, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 19 81 Disambiguation of Old English terms prefixed with un-: 25 75 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 12 88
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: unfriþflota (english: a hostile fleet) [masculine], unfriþhere (english: a hostile army) [masculine], unfriþland (english: a hostile country) [masculine], unfriþmann (english: a man from a hostile country) [masculine], unfriþsċip (english: a ship carrying out hostilities) [neuter]
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "a hostile fleet",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþflota"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "a hostile army",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþhere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "a hostile country",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþland"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "a man from a hostile country",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþmann"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "a ship carrying out hostilities",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþsċip"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "unfrith",
            "3": "unfrit",
            "4": "unfriðe"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: unfrith, unfrit, unfriðe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: unfrith, unfrit, unfriðe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "unfrith"
          },
          "expansion": "English: unfrith",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: unfrith"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*unfriþu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *unfriþu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*unfriþuz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *unfriþuz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "un-",
        "3": "friþ"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, un- + friþ",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "onvrede",
        "t": "displeasure, quarrel"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch onvrede (“displeasure, quarrel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Unfriede",
        "t": "strife"
      },
      "expansion": "German Unfriede (“strife”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "úfriðr",
        "t": "war, hostilities"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse úfriðr (“war, hostilities”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *unfriþu, from Proto-Germanic *unfriþuz. By surface analysis, un- + friþ. Compare Dutch onvrede (“displeasure, quarrel”), German Unfriede (“strife”) and Old Norse úfriðr (“war, hostilities”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "unfriþ n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "unfriþ n",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "unfriþ",
        "short": "1"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "unfriþ",
        "2": "unfriþu",
        "3": "unfriþ",
        "4": "unfriþu",
        "5": "unfriþes",
        "6": "unfriþa",
        "7": "unfriþe",
        "8": "unfriþum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "absence of peace, hostility"
      ],
      "id": "en-unfriþ-ang-noun-n2Cw64oo",
      "links": [
        [
          "absence",
          "absence"
        ],
        [
          "peace",
          "peace"
        ],
        [
          "hostility",
          "hostility"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 81",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English terms prefixed with un-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the state of being out of the king's peace"
      ],
      "id": "en-unfriþ-ang-noun-P7~0ddYr",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "unfriþ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
    "Old English neuter nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms prefixed with un-",
    "Pages with 1 entry"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "a hostile fleet",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþflota"
    },
    {
      "english": "a hostile army",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþhere"
    },
    {
      "english": "a hostile country",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþland"
    },
    {
      "english": "a man from a hostile country",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþmann"
    },
    {
      "english": "a ship carrying out hostilities",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "unfriþsċip"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "unfrith",
            "3": "unfrit",
            "4": "unfriðe"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: unfrith, unfrit, unfriðe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: unfrith, unfrit, unfriðe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "unfrith"
          },
          "expansion": "English: unfrith",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: unfrith"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*unfriþu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *unfriþu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*unfriþuz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *unfriþuz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "un-",
        "3": "friþ"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, un- + friþ",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "onvrede",
        "t": "displeasure, quarrel"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch onvrede (“displeasure, quarrel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Unfriede",
        "t": "strife"
      },
      "expansion": "German Unfriede (“strife”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "úfriðr",
        "t": "war, hostilities"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse úfriðr (“war, hostilities”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *unfriþu, from Proto-Germanic *unfriþuz. By surface analysis, un- + friþ. Compare Dutch onvrede (“displeasure, quarrel”), German Unfriede (“strife”) and Old Norse úfriðr (“war, hostilities”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unfriþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "unfriþ n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "unfriþ n",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "unfriþ",
        "short": "1"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "unfriþ",
        "2": "unfriþu",
        "3": "unfriþ",
        "4": "unfriþu",
        "5": "unfriþes",
        "6": "unfriþa",
        "7": "unfriþe",
        "8": "unfriþum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "absence of peace, hostility"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "absence",
          "absence"
        ],
        [
          "peace",
          "peace"
        ],
        [
          "hostility",
          "hostility"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the state of being out of the king's peace"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "unfriþ"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.