"torn" meaning in Old English

See torn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /torn/, [torˠn]
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *torn, from Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitter”). Etymology templates: {{root|ang|ine-pro|*der-}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*torn}} Proto-West Germanic *torn, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*turnaz|t=bitter}} Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitter”) Head templates: {{ang-adj|sup=tornost}} torn (superlative tornost) Inflection templates: {{ang-adecl|torn}} Forms: tornost [superlative], strong [table-tags], torn [masculine, nominative, singular], torn [feminine, nominative, singular], torn [neuter, nominative, singular], torne [accusative, masculine, singular], torne [accusative, feminine, singular], torn [accusative, neuter, singular], tornes [genitive, masculine, singular], tornre [feminine, genitive, singular], tornes [genitive, neuter, singular], tornum [dative, masculine, singular], tornre [dative, feminine, singular], tornum [dative, neuter, singular], torne [instrumental, masculine, singular], tornre [feminine, instrumental, singular], torne [instrumental, neuter, singular], torne [masculine, nominative, plural], torna [feminine, nominative, plural], torne [feminine, nominative, plural], torn [neuter, nominative, plural], torne [accusative, masculine, plural], torna [accusative, feminine, plural], torne [accusative, feminine, plural], torn [accusative, neuter, plural], tornra [genitive, masculine, plural], tornra [feminine, genitive, plural], tornra [genitive, neuter, plural], tornum [dative, masculine, plural], tornum [dative, feminine, plural], tornum [dative, neuter, plural], tornum [instrumental, masculine, plural], tornum [feminine, instrumental, plural], tornum [instrumental, neuter, plural], weak [table-tags], torna [masculine, nominative, singular], torne [feminine, nominative, singular], torne [neuter, nominative, singular], tornan [accusative, masculine, singular], tornan [accusative, feminine, singular], torne [accusative, neuter, singular], tornan [genitive, masculine, singular], tornan [feminine, genitive, singular], tornan [genitive, neuter, singular], tornan [dative, masculine, singular], tornan [dative, feminine, singular], tornan [dative, neuter, singular], tornan [instrumental, masculine, singular], tornan [feminine, instrumental, singular], tornan [instrumental, neuter, singular], tornan [masculine, nominative, plural], tornan [feminine, nominative, plural], tornan [neuter, nominative, plural], tornan [accusative, masculine, plural], tornan [accusative, feminine, plural], tornan [accusative, neuter, plural], tornra [genitive, masculine, plural], tornena [genitive, masculine, plural], tornra [feminine, genitive, plural], tornena [feminine, genitive, plural], tornra [genitive, neuter, plural], tornena [genitive, neuter, plural], tornum [dative, masculine, plural], tornum [dative, feminine, plural], tornum [dative, neuter, plural], tornum [instrumental, masculine, plural], tornum [feminine, instrumental, plural], tornum [instrumental, neuter, plural]
  1. bitter; painful; severe
    Sense id: en-torn-ang-adj-fj0eruh2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /torn/, [torˠn]
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *torn, from Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitterness, anger”). Etymology templates: {{root|ang|ine-pro|*der-}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*torn}} Proto-West Germanic *torn, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*turnaz|t=bitterness, anger}} Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitterness, anger”) Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|nominative plural|torn|||g=n|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} torn n (nominative plural torn), {{ang-noun|n|torn}} torn n (nominative plural torn) Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-a-n|torn}}, {{ang-decl-noun|torn|torn|torn|torn|tornes|torna|torne|tornum|num=|title=|type=strong a-stem}} Forms: torn [nominative, plural], strong [table-tags], torn [nominative, singular], torn [nominative, plural], torn [accusative, singular], torn [accusative, plural], tornes [genitive, singular], torna [genitive, plural], torne [dative, singular], tornum [dative, plural]
  1. anger, anguish, distress Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-torn-ang-noun-WGHOUot9 Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 22 78
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*der-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*torn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *torn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*turnaz",
        "t": "bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitter”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *torn, from Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitter”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tornost",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "sup": "tornost"
      },
      "expansion": "torn (superlative tornost)",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "torn"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bitter; painful; severe"
      ],
      "id": "en-torn-ang-adj-fj0eruh2",
      "links": [
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ],
        [
          "painful",
          "painful"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/torn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[torˠn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "torn"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*der-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*torn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *torn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*turnaz",
        "t": "bitterness, anger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitterness, anger”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *torn, from Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitterness, anger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "nominative plural",
        "4": "torn",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "torn n (nominative plural torn)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "torn"
      },
      "expansion": "torn n (nominative plural torn)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "torn"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "torn",
        "2": "torn",
        "3": "torn",
        "4": "torn",
        "5": "tornes",
        "6": "torna",
        "7": "torne",
        "8": "tornum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anger, anguish, distress"
      ],
      "id": "en-torn-ang-noun-WGHOUot9",
      "links": [
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "distress",
          "distress"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/torn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[torˠn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "torn"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old English adjectives",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
    "Old English neuter nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *der-",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 11 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "sv:Buildings",
    "sv:Heraldic charges"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*der-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*torn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *torn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*turnaz",
        "t": "bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitter”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *torn, from Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitter”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tornost",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "sup": "tornost"
      },
      "expansion": "torn (superlative tornost)",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "torn"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bitter; painful; severe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ],
        [
          "painful",
          "painful"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/torn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[torˠn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "torn"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
    "Old English neuter nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *der-",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 11 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "sv:Buildings",
    "sv:Heraldic charges"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*der-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*torn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *torn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*turnaz",
        "t": "bitterness, anger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitterness, anger”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *torn, from Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitterness, anger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "torne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tornum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "nominative plural",
        "4": "torn",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "torn n (nominative plural torn)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "torn"
      },
      "expansion": "torn n (nominative plural torn)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "torn"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "torn",
        "2": "torn",
        "3": "torn",
        "4": "torn",
        "5": "tornes",
        "6": "torna",
        "7": "torne",
        "8": "tornum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "anger, anguish, distress"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ],
        [
          "distress",
          "distress"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/torn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[torˠn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "torn"
}

Download raw JSONL data for torn meaning in Old English (10.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.