See swingan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "swyngen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swingan",
"t": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swingan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swingende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġeswungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "swingan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swingan<s3>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 32 9 9 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-YasMUA48",
"links": [
[
"swinge",
"swinge"
],
[
"flog",
"flog"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 32 9 9 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge",
"to chastise, afflict, plague"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-d26l22jW",
"links": [
[
"swinge",
"swinge"
],
[
"flog",
"flog"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
],
[
"chastise",
"chastise"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge",
"(figurative) to chastise, afflict, plague"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to give a blow with the hand"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-ehCZkT9R"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "With trained hands he spun the top.",
"text": "Mid ġelǣredre handa hē swang ðone top.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to whip a top, cream, etc."
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-h4BUZzWH",
"links": [
[
"whip",
"whip"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He drove back the fire on either hand.",
"text": "Hē swang ðæt fýr on twá.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strike, dash"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-iCGkcV1Z",
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"dash",
"dash"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 11 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The bird beats its wings violently.",
"text": "Se fugel liċġeþ lonnum fæst swīþe swingeþ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat, flap"
],
"id": "en-swingan-ang-verb-CurvOb1q",
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"flap",
"flap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of wings) to beat, flap"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of wings"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswin.ɡɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈswiŋ.ɡɑn]"
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 3 strong verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "swyngen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: swyngen, swingen, swyng, swynge, swyngge, swyngyn, squynge, suing, swingan, swingæn, swingenn\nEnglish: swing\n→ Dutch: swingen\n→ Norman: souîndgi\nScots: swing, sweeng"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swingan",
"t": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swingan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swingenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swingaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swingaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swingende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġeswungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "swingan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swingan<s3>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge"
],
"links": [
[
"swinge",
"swinge"
],
[
"flog",
"flog"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge",
"to chastise, afflict, plague"
],
"links": [
[
"swinge",
"swinge"
],
[
"flog",
"flog"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
],
[
"chastise",
"chastise"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to swinge, flog, beat, scourge",
"(figurative) to chastise, afflict, plague"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to give a blow with the hand"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "With trained hands he spun the top.",
"text": "Mid ġelǣredre handa hē swang ðone top.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to whip a top, cream, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"whip",
"whip"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He drove back the fire on either hand.",
"text": "Hē swang ðæt fýr on twá.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strike, dash"
],
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"dash",
"dash"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The bird beats its wings violently.",
"text": "Se fugel liċġeþ lonnum fæst swīþe swingeþ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat, flap"
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"flap",
"flap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of wings) to beat, flap"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of wings"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswin.ɡɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈswiŋ.ɡɑn]"
}
],
"word": "swingan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for swingan meaning in Old English (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.