See swan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ang:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: swan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: swan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "English: swan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: swan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Scots: swan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: swan"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swanaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swanaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swenh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to sound, resound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- (“to sound, resound”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon swan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Swaan"
},
"expansion": "Low German Swaan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zwaan"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zwaan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German swan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schwan"
},
"expansion": "German Schwan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "svanr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse svanr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "svan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish svan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swan, from Proto-Germanic *swanaz, probably from Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- (“to sound, resound”). Compare Old Saxon swan (Low German Swaan), Dutch zwaan, Old High German swan (German Schwan), Old Norse svanr (Swedish svan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swanas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swanas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swanes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "suan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "suon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "swan m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "swan m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swan"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "swan",
"2": "swanas",
"3": "swan",
"4": "swanas",
"5": "swanes",
"6": "swana",
"7": "swane",
"8": "swanum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Truly, the birds that live in the waters are web-footed by God's forethought, so that they can swim and seek food for themselves. Some, such as swans, are long-necked, so that they can reach food on the ground. And those that live on flesh are claw-footed, sharp-billed so that they can bite with short necks, and swifter in flight, such that they can properly perform the labors of their life.",
"roman": "Đa fugelas sōðlīċe ðe on flōdum wuniað, syndon flaxfōte, bē Godes foresċeawunge, ðæt hī swimman magon and sēcan him fōdan. Sume bēoð langswēorede swā swā swanas and ylfettan ðæt hī aræċan him magon mete bē ðām grunde. And ða ðe bē flǣsċe lybbað, syndon clyferfēte and sċearpe ġebilode, ðæt hī bītan magon on sċeortum swuran and swyftran on flihte, ðæt hī ġelimplīċe bēon tō heora līfes tilungum.",
"text": "c. 1000, Ælfric of Eynsham (tr.), Hexameron of St. Basil",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swan"
],
"id": "en-swan-ang-noun-aFba67AR",
"links": [
[
"swan",
"#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ielfete"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/swɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/swɔn/"
}
],
"word": "swan"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ang:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "swānġerēfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "swānriht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "swānsteorra"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "swon",
"3": "swan",
"4": "swone"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: swon, swan, swone",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: swon, swan, swone"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swainaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swainaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sweġen"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of sweġen",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *swainaz. Doublet of sweġen, a borrowing from Old Norse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "swān",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "swān",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "swān m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "swān"
},
"expansion": "swān m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"man; warrior"
],
"id": "en-swan-ang-noun-ang:man",
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ang:man"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"herdsman; herder"
],
"id": "en-swan-ang-noun-koUpA4Fg",
"links": [
[
"herdsman",
"herdsman"
],
[
"herder",
"herder"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 15 9 57 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 12 54 12",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Swans",
"orig": "ang:Swans",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"servant"
],
"id": "en-swan-ang-noun-KVryxVxx",
"links": [
[
"servant",
"servant"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"boy; lad"
],
"id": "en-swan-ang-noun-cYhuEXw8",
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
],
[
"lad",
"lad"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/swɑːn/"
}
],
"word": "swan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English doublets",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:People",
"ang:Swans"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: swan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: swan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "English: swan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: swan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Scots: swan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: swan"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swanaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swanaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swenh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to sound, resound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- (“to sound, resound”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon swan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Swaan"
},
"expansion": "Low German Swaan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zwaan"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zwaan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German swan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schwan"
},
"expansion": "German Schwan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "svanr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse svanr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "svan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish svan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swan, from Proto-Germanic *swanaz, probably from Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- (“to sound, resound”). Compare Old Saxon swan (Low German Swaan), Dutch zwaan, Old High German swan (German Schwan), Old Norse svanr (Swedish svan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swanas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swanas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swanes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "suan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "suon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "swan m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "swan m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swan"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "swan",
"2": "swanas",
"3": "swan",
"4": "swanas",
"5": "swanes",
"6": "swana",
"7": "swane",
"8": "swanum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Truly, the birds that live in the waters are web-footed by God's forethought, so that they can swim and seek food for themselves. Some, such as swans, are long-necked, so that they can reach food on the ground. And those that live on flesh are claw-footed, sharp-billed so that they can bite with short necks, and swifter in flight, such that they can properly perform the labors of their life.",
"roman": "Đa fugelas sōðlīċe ðe on flōdum wuniað, syndon flaxfōte, bē Godes foresċeawunge, ðæt hī swimman magon and sēcan him fōdan. Sume bēoð langswēorede swā swā swanas and ylfettan ðæt hī aræċan him magon mete bē ðām grunde. And ða ðe bē flǣsċe lybbað, syndon clyferfēte and sċearpe ġebilode, ðæt hī bītan magon on sċeortum swuran and swyftran on flihte, ðæt hī ġelimplīċe bēon tō heora līfes tilungum.",
"text": "c. 1000, Ælfric of Eynsham (tr.), Hexameron of St. Basil",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swan"
],
"links": [
[
"swan",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/swɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/swɔn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ielfete"
}
],
"word": "swan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English doublets",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:People",
"ang:Swans"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "swānġerēfa"
},
{
"word": "swānriht"
},
{
"word": "swānsteorra"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "swon",
"3": "swan",
"4": "swone"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: swon, swan, swone",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: swon, swan, swone"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swainaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swainaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sweġen"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of sweġen",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *swainaz. Doublet of sweġen, a borrowing from Old Norse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "swān",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "swān",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "swān m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "swān"
},
"expansion": "swān m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"man; warrior"
],
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ang:man"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"herdsman; herder"
],
"links": [
[
"herdsman",
"herdsman"
],
[
"herder",
"herder"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"servant"
],
"links": [
[
"servant",
"servant"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"boy; lad"
],
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
],
[
"lad",
"lad"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/swɑːn/"
}
],
"word": "swan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for swan meaning in Old English (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (99a4ed9 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.