See hell in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "helle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: helle, hel, hell, hælle\nEnglish: hell, Hell\nScots: hell, Hell",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: helle, hel, hell, hælle\nEnglish: hell, Hell\nScots: hell, Hell"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hallju"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hallju",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haljō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haljō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cover, hide, conceal"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide, conceal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hell",
"3": "",
"4": "light"
},
"expansion": "German hell (“light”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide, conceal”).\nCompare German hell (“light”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hell",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hellum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hell f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "hell f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hell"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hell",
"2": "hella,helle",
"3": "helle",
"4": "hella,helle",
"5": "helle",
"6": "hella",
"7": "helle",
"8": "hellum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Hell",
"orig": "ang:Hell",
"parents": [
"Afterlife",
"Horror",
"Torture",
"Death",
"Mythology",
"Philosophy",
"Religion",
"Literature",
"Speculative fiction",
"Violence",
"Body",
"Life",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Fiction",
"Genres",
"Human behaviour",
"Nature",
"Society",
"Fundamental",
"Language",
"Artistic works",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Art"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hellcund"
},
{
"english": "gate of hell",
"word": "helldor"
},
{
"english": "hellfire",
"word": "hellefȳr"
},
{
"english": "sorceress",
"word": "hellrūn"
},
{
"word": "hellewīte"
},
{
"english": "hellhound",
"word": "hellehund"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hell"
],
"id": "en-hell-ang-noun-Dr3DMXt1",
"links": [
[
"hell",
"hell#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hel"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xell/"
},
{
"ipa": "[heɫ]"
}
],
"word": "hell"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "hellcund"
},
{
"english": "gate of hell",
"word": "helldor"
},
{
"english": "hellfire",
"word": "hellefȳr"
},
{
"english": "sorceress",
"word": "hellrūn"
},
{
"word": "hellewīte"
},
{
"english": "hellhound",
"word": "hellehund"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "helle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: helle, hel, hell, hælle\nEnglish: hell, Hell\nScots: hell, Hell",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: helle, hel, hell, hælle\nEnglish: hell, Hell\nScots: hell, Hell"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hallju"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hallju",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haljō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haljō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cover, hide, conceal"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide, conceal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hell",
"3": "",
"4": "light"
},
"expansion": "German hell (“light”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide, conceal”).\nCompare German hell (“light”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hell",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "helle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hellum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hell f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "hell f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hell"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hell",
"2": "hella,helle",
"3": "helle",
"4": "hella,helle",
"5": "helle",
"6": "hella",
"7": "helle",
"8": "hellum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Hell"
],
"glosses": [
"hell"
],
"links": [
[
"hell",
"hell#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xell/"
},
{
"ipa": "[heɫ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hel"
}
],
"word": "hell"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hell meaning in Old English (3.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.