See grunnian in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for grunnian meaning in Old English (3.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grunien",
"3": "grunnien"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: grunien, grunnien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: grunien, grunnien"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grunnōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to grunt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grunnōną (“to grunt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrun-",
"t": "to shout"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrun- (“to shout”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *grunnōną (“to grunt”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrun- (“to shout”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnian",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnienne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnodest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnodon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnoden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegrunnod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grunnian",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grunnian<w2>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Dogs bark, wolves howl, lions roar, snakes hiss, birds chirp, hens cluck, roosters crow, geese honk, frogs croak, cows moo, horses neigh, donkeys bray, sheep bleat, pigs grunt, and mice squeak.",
"text": "Hundas beorcaþ, wulfas þēotaþ, lēon grimettaþ, nǣdran hwistliaþ, fuglas twiteriaþ, henna clocciaþ, hanan crāwaþ, gēs grǣdaþ, froscas crācettaþ, hrīþru hlōwaþ, hors hnǣġaþ, esolas ġiniaþ, sċēap blǣtaþ, swīn grunniaþ, and mȳs hwīciaþ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grunt"
],
"id": "en-grunnian-ang-verb-Q4~XO7je",
"links": [
[
"grunt",
"grunt"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grunnettan"
},
{
"word": "grunian"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrun.ni.ɑn/"
}
],
"word": "grunnian"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grunien",
"3": "grunnien"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: grunien, grunnien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: grunien, grunnien"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grunnōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to grunt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grunnōną (“to grunt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrun-",
"t": "to shout"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrun- (“to shout”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *grunnōną (“to grunt”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrun- (“to shout”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnian",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnienne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnodest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnodon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnode",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnoden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grunna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunniende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grunnod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegrunnod",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grunnian",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grunnian<w2>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 2 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with usage examples",
"Old English verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Dogs bark, wolves howl, lions roar, snakes hiss, birds chirp, hens cluck, roosters crow, geese honk, frogs croak, cows moo, horses neigh, donkeys bray, sheep bleat, pigs grunt, and mice squeak.",
"text": "Hundas beorcaþ, wulfas þēotaþ, lēon grimettaþ, nǣdran hwistliaþ, fuglas twiteriaþ, henna clocciaþ, hanan crāwaþ, gēs grǣdaþ, froscas crācettaþ, hrīþru hlōwaþ, hors hnǣġaþ, esolas ġiniaþ, sċēap blǣtaþ, swīn grunniaþ, and mȳs hwīciaþ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grunt"
],
"links": [
[
"grunt",
"grunt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrun.ni.ɑn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grunnettan"
},
{
"word": "grunian"
}
],
"word": "grunnian"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.