gnornian in Old English

IPA: /ˈɡnor.ni.ɑn/, [ˈɡnorˠ.ni.ɑn] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *gnuʀnōn. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*gnuʀnōn}} Proto-West Germanic *gnuʀnōn Head templates: {{ang-verb|gnornian}} gnornian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|gnornian<w2>}} Forms: weak [table-tags], gnornian [infinitive], gnornienne [infinitive], gnorniġe [first-person, present, singular], gnornode [first-person, past, singular], gnornast [present, second-person, singular], gnornodest [past, second-person, singular], gnornaþ [present, singular, third-person], gnornode [past, singular, third-person], gnorniaþ [plural, present], gnornodon [past, plural], gnorniġe [present, singular], gnornode [past, singular], gnorniġen [plural, present], gnornoden [past, plural], gnorna [imperative, past, present, singular], gnorniaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], gnorniende [imperative, present], gnornod [imperative, past], ġegnornod [imperative, past]

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "begnornian"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "nornen",
            "3": "nurnen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: nornen, nurnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: nornen, nurnen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "norn"
          },
          "expansion": "English: norn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: norn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gnuʀnōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gnuʀnōn",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *gnuʀnōn.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġegnornod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnornian"
      },
      "expansion": "gnornian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnornian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gnorn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gnyrn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "grornian"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to feel grief; rue; regret; grieve; mourn; be sad; bewail; lament"
      ],
      "id": "en-gnornian-ang-verb-KSXVUVXJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "rue",
          "rue"
        ],
        [
          "regret",
          "regret"
        ],
        [
          "grieve",
          "grieve"
        ],
        [
          "mourn",
          "mourn"
        ],
        [
          "sad",
          "sad"
        ],
        [
          "bewail",
          "bewail"
        ],
        [
          "lament",
          "lament"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to feel or express discontent; murmur; complain"
      ],
      "id": "en-gnornian-ang-verb-1daViTpt",
      "links": [
        [
          "murmur",
          "murmur"
        ],
        [
          "complain",
          "complain"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡnor.ni.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɡnorˠ.ni.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gnornan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gnornian"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Old English verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "begnornian"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "nornen",
            "3": "nurnen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: nornen, nurnen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: nornen, nurnen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "norn"
          },
          "expansion": "English: norn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: norn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gnuʀnōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gnuʀnōn",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *gnuʀnōn.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnorniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnornod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġegnornod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnornian"
      },
      "expansion": "gnornian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnornian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "gnorn"
    },
    {
      "word": "gnyrn"
    },
    {
      "word": "grornian"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to feel grief; rue; regret; grieve; mourn; be sad; bewail; lament"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rue",
          "rue"
        ],
        [
          "regret",
          "regret"
        ],
        [
          "grieve",
          "grieve"
        ],
        [
          "mourn",
          "mourn"
        ],
        [
          "sad",
          "sad"
        ],
        [
          "bewail",
          "bewail"
        ],
        [
          "lament",
          "lament"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to feel or express discontent; murmur; complain"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "murmur",
          "murmur"
        ],
        [
          "complain",
          "complain"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡnor.ni.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɡnorˠ.ni.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "gnornan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gnornian"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (e79c026 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"gnornian" meaning in Old English

Verb

Inflected forms