See gnagan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnawen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnaȝen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnauen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnauyn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnawe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnawyn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "knauyn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "knawen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "knawyn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gnagan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gnagan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *gnagan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "VI",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gnage",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōg",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnæġst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnæġþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōg",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōgon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnage",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōgen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnag",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnæġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegnæġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegnagen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gnagan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gnagan<s6>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "begnagan"
},
{
"word": "forgnagan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to gnaw"
],
"id": "en-gnagan-ang-verb-wm-3kc8Y",
"links": [
[
"gnaw",
"gnaw"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "gnætt"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡnɑ.ɡɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡnɑ.ɣɑn]"
}
],
"word": "gnagan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "begnagan"
},
{
"word": "forgnagan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnawen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnaȝen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnauen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnauyn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnawe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "gnawyn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "knauyn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "knawen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gnaw"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "knaw"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"raw_tags": [
"ppl."
],
"sense": "<gnaȝen",
"word": "gnafeen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "knawyn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gnagan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gnagan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *gnagan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "VI",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gnage",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōg",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnæġst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnæġþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōg",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōgon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnage",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnōgen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnag",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gnæġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegnæġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gnagen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegnagen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gnagan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gnagan<s6>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "gnætt"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 6 strong verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to gnaw"
],
"links": [
[
"gnaw",
"gnaw"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡnɑ.ɡɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡnɑ.ɣɑn]"
}
],
"word": "gnagan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gnagan meaning in Old English (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.