See fæst in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fæst",
"3": "fest",
"4": "fast"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: fæst, fest, fast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: fæst, fest, fast"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fast"
},
"expansion": "English: fast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: fast"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fast",
"3": "fest"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fast, fest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fast, fest"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "feiste",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: feiste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: feiste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "feistigh",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Irish: feistigh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Irish: feistigh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fastu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fastu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fastuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fastuz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *fastu, *fast, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fæstost",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstast",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fæsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"sup1": "fæstost",
"sup2": "fæstest",
"sup3": "fæstast"
},
"expansion": "fæst (superlative fæstost or fæstest or fæstast)",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fæst"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fæstlīċe"
},
{
"word": "fæstnes"
},
{
"word": "fæsten"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Thereafter, God made two shining lights, a greater one and a lesser one, the moon and the sun, with the Sun to shine by day, and the moon to shine by night...and he also made all the stars, and he fixed them in the firm heavens so that they could illumine the earth with their manyfold rays.",
"roman": "God ġeworhte ðā sōna twā sċīnende lēoht myċele and mǣre, mōnan and sunnan, ðā sunnan on meriġen tō ðǣs dæġes lihtinge, ðone mōnan on ǣfen mannum tō lihtinge on nihtlīcere tīde...And ealle steorran hē ēac ðā geworhte, and hē hī ġefæstnode on ðām fæstan rodore ðæt hī ðā eorðan onlīhton mid heora mæniġfealdum lēoman",
"text": "c. 1000, Ælfric of Eynsham (tr.), Hexameron of St. Basil",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"firm, stable; constant"
],
"id": "en-fæst-ang-adj-FDoFINLR",
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"stable",
"stable"
],
[
"constant",
"constant"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "fæstnian"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fæst/"
}
],
"word": "fæst"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "fæstlīċe"
},
{
"word": "fæstnes"
},
{
"word": "fæsten"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fæst",
"3": "fest",
"4": "fast"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: fæst, fest, fast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: fæst, fest, fast"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fast"
},
"expansion": "English: fast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: fast"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fast",
"3": "fest"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fast, fest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fast, fest"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "feiste",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: feiste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: feiste"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "feistigh",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Irish: feistigh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Irish: feistigh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fastu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fastu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fastuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fastuz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *fastu, *fast, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fæstost",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstast",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fæsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fæstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"sup1": "fæstost",
"sup2": "fæstest",
"sup3": "fæstast"
},
"expansion": "fæst (superlative fæstost or fæstest or fæstast)",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fæst"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "fæstnian"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Thereafter, God made two shining lights, a greater one and a lesser one, the moon and the sun, with the Sun to shine by day, and the moon to shine by night...and he also made all the stars, and he fixed them in the firm heavens so that they could illumine the earth with their manyfold rays.",
"roman": "God ġeworhte ðā sōna twā sċīnende lēoht myċele and mǣre, mōnan and sunnan, ðā sunnan on meriġen tō ðǣs dæġes lihtinge, ðone mōnan on ǣfen mannum tō lihtinge on nihtlīcere tīde...And ealle steorran hē ēac ðā geworhte, and hē hī ġefæstnode on ðām fæstan rodore ðæt hī ðā eorðan onlīhton mid heora mæniġfealdum lēoman",
"text": "c. 1000, Ælfric of Eynsham (tr.), Hexameron of St. Basil",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"firm, stable; constant"
],
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"stable",
"stable"
],
[
"constant",
"constant"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fæst/"
}
],
"word": "fæst"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fæst meaning in Old English (9.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (89e900c and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.