"bretwalda" meaning in Old English

See bretwalda in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈbretˌwɑl.dɑ/, [ˈbretˌwɑɫ.dɑ]
Etymology: First attested in the 9th century, but applied to kings who ruled from the 5th century onward. From an adjective brytten (“wide”) and walda (“ruler, wielder”). The original meaning of the title is thus "wide-ruler", but it was reinterpreted, likely at an early period predating its 9th-century attestation, as containing the name Britain and understood in the sense of "ruler of Britain". The title rex Britanniae "king of Britain" is used by Æthelbald of Mercia in 736, who at the same time is also recorded as a bretwalda. Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|head2=|sort=}} bretwalda m, {{ang-noun|m}} bretwalda m Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-n-m|bretwald}}, {{ang-decl-noun|bretwalda|bretwaldan|bretwaldan|bretwaldan|bretwaldan|bretwaldena|bretwaldan|bretwaldum|num=|title=|type=weak}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], bretwalda [nominative, singular], bretwaldan [nominative, plural], bretwaldan [accusative, singular], bretwaldan [accusative, plural], bretwaldan [genitive, singular], bretwaldena [genitive, plural], bretwaldan [dative, singular], bretwaldum [dative, plural]
  1. title of certain Anglo-Saxon kings Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Government Synonyms: brȳtenwalda, brȳtenwealda, brētenānwealda
    Sense id: en-bretwalda-ang-noun-vV3AjbJJ Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries
     
{
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the 9th century, but applied to kings who ruled from the 5th century onward.\nFrom an adjective brytten (“wide”) and walda (“ruler, wielder”).\nThe original meaning of the title is thus \"wide-ruler\", but it was reinterpreted, likely at an early period predating its 9th-century attestation, as containing the name Britain and understood in the sense of \"ruler of Britain\". The title rex Britanniae \"king of Britain\" is used by Æthelbald of Mercia in 736, who at the same time is also recorded as a bretwalda.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-n-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwalda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bretwalda m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "bretwalda m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bretwald"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-n-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bretwalda",
        "2": "bretwaldan",
        "3": "bretwaldan",
        "4": "bretwaldan",
        "5": "bretwaldan",
        "6": "bretwaldena",
        "7": "bretwaldan",
        "8": "bretwaldum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "weak"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Government",
          "orig": "ang:Government",
          "parents": [
            "Politics",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "title of certain Anglo-Saxon kings"
      ],
      "id": "en-bretwalda-ang-noun-vV3AjbJJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "title",
          "title"
        ],
        [
          "Anglo-Saxon",
          "Anglo-Saxon"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "brȳtenwalda"
        },
        {
          "word": "brȳtenwealda"
        },
        {
          "word": "brētenānwealda"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbretˌwɑl.dɑ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbretˌwɑɫ.dɑ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bretwalda"
}

{
  "etymology_text": "First attested in the 9th century, but applied to kings who ruled from the 5th century onward.\nFrom an adjective brytten (“wide”) and walda (“ruler, wielder”).\nThe original meaning of the title is thus \"wide-ruler\", but it was reinterpreted, likely at an early period predating its 9th-century attestation, as containing the name Britain and understood in the sense of \"ruler of Britain\". The title rex Britanniae \"king of Britain\" is used by Æthelbald of Mercia in 736, who at the same time is also recorded as a bretwalda.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-n-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwalda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bretwaldum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "bretwalda m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "bretwalda m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bretwald"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-n-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bretwalda",
        "2": "bretwaldan",
        "3": "bretwaldan",
        "4": "bretwaldan",
        "5": "bretwaldan",
        "6": "bretwaldena",
        "7": "bretwaldan",
        "8": "bretwaldum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "weak"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English masculine n-stem nouns",
        "Old English masculine nouns",
        "Old English nouns",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "ang:Government"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "title of certain Anglo-Saxon kings"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "title",
          "title"
        ],
        [
          "Anglo-Saxon",
          "Anglo-Saxon"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbretˌwɑl.dɑ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbretˌwɑɫ.dɑ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "brȳtenwalda"
    },
    {
      "word": "brȳtenwealda"
    },
    {
      "word": "brētenānwealda"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bretwalda"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.