borcian in Old English

IPA: /ˈbor.ki.ɑn/, [ˈborˠ.ki.ɑn] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *borkōn, from Proto-Germanic *burkōną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrg-, *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*borkōn}} Proto-West Germanic *borkōn, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*burkōną}} Proto-Germanic *burkōną, {{der|ang|ine-pro|*bʰrg-}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰrg- Head templates: {{ang-verb|head=borcian}} borcian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|borcian<w2>}} Forms: weak [table-tags], borcian [infinitive], borcienne [infinitive], borciġe [first-person, present, singular], borcode [first-person, past, singular], borcast [present, second-person, singular], borcodest [past, second-person, singular], borcaþ [present, singular, third-person], borcode [past, singular, third-person], borciaþ [plural, present], borcodon [past, plural], borciġe [present, singular], borcode [past, singular], borciġen [plural, present], borcoden [past, plural], borca [imperative, past, present, singular], borciaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], borciende [imperative, present], borcod [imperative, past], ġeborcod [imperative, past]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "borken",
            "3": "berken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: borken, berken",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "beorcan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English beorcan",
          "name": "m+"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "merged with descendant of Old English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">beorcan</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "(merged with descendant of Old English beorcan)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: borken, berken (merged with descendant of Old English beorcan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bark"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bark",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bark"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "berk",
            "3": "bark"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: berk, bark",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: berk, bark"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*borkōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *borkōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*burkōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burkōną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrg-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrg-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *borkōn, from Proto-Germanic *burkōną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrg-, *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġeborcod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "borcian"
      },
      "expansion": "borcian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "borcian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bark"
      ],
      "id": "en-borcian-ang-verb-pXgVU5pF",
      "links": [
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "beorcan"
        },
        {
          "word": "ġebeorc"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "erroneous",
          "word": "*bearcian"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbor.ki.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈborˠ.ki.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "borcian"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "borken",
            "3": "berken"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: borken, berken",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "beorcan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English beorcan",
          "name": "m+"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "merged with descendant of Old English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">beorcan</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "(merged with descendant of Old English beorcan)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: borken, berken (merged with descendant of Old English beorcan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bark"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bark",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bark"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "berk",
            "3": "bark"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: berk, bark",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: berk, bark"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*borkōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *borkōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*burkōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burkōną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrg-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrg-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *borkōn, from Proto-Germanic *burkōną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrg-, *bʰerg- (“to make a noise, growl, bark”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borciende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borcod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġeborcod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "borcian"
      },
      "expansion": "borcian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "borcian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "beorcan"
    },
    {
      "word": "ġebeorc"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
        "Old English verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bark"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbor.ki.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈborˠ.ki.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "erroneous",
      "word": "*bearcian"
    }
  ],
  "word": "borcian"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"borcian" meaning in Old English

Verb