befæstnian in Old English

IPA: /beˈfæst.ni.ɑn/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *bifastinōn, equivalent to be- + fæstnian. Cognate with Old Frisian bifestnia, Middle Low German bevestenen, Old High German bifestinōn. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*bifastinōn}} Proto-West Germanic *bifastinōn, {{af|ang|be-|fæstnian}} be- + fæstnian, {{cog|ofs|bifestnia}} Old Frisian bifestnia, {{cog|gml|bevestenen}} Middle Low German bevestenen, {{cog|goh|bifestinōn}} Old High German bifestinōn Head templates: {{ang-verb|befæstnian}} befæstnian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|befæstnian<w2>}} Forms: weak [table-tags], befæstnian [infinitive], befæstnienne [infinitive], befæstniġe [first-person, present, singular], befæstnode [first-person, past, singular], befæstnast [present, second-person, singular], befæstnodest [past, second-person, singular], befæstnaþ [present, singular, third-person], befæstnode [past, singular, third-person], befæstniaþ [plural, present], befæstnodon [past, plural], befæstniġe [present, singular], befæstnode [past, singular], befæstniġen [plural, present], befæstnoden [past, plural], befæstna [imperative, past, present, singular], befæstniaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], befæstniende [imperative, present], befæstnod [imperative, past]

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*bifastinōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bifastinōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "be-",
        "3": "fæstnian"
      },
      "expansion": "be- + fæstnian",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "bifestnia"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian bifestnia",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "bevestenen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German bevestenen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "bifestinōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German bifestinōn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *bifastinōn, equivalent to be- + fæstnian. Cognate with Old Frisian bifestnia, Middle Low German bevestenen, Old High German bifestinōn.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "befæstnian"
      },
      "expansion": "befæstnian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "befæstnian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "befæstan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to fix"
      ],
      "id": "en-befæstnian-ang-verb-6PWF7slD",
      "links": [
        [
          "fix",
          "fix"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English terms prefixed with be-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 73",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pledge, betroth; plight"
      ],
      "id": "en-befæstnian-ang-verb-DIqClF~w",
      "links": [
        [
          "pledge",
          "pledge"
        ],
        [
          "betroth",
          "betroth"
        ],
        [
          "plight",
          "plight"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/beˈfæst.ni.ɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "befæstnian"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms prefixed with be-",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Old English verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*bifastinōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bifastinōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "be-",
        "3": "fæstnian"
      },
      "expansion": "be- + fæstnian",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "bifestnia"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian bifestnia",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "bevestenen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German bevestenen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "bifestinōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German bifestinōn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *bifastinōn, equivalent to be- + fæstnian. Cognate with Old Frisian bifestnia, Middle Low German bevestenen, Old High German bifestinōn.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "befæstnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "befæstnian"
      },
      "expansion": "befæstnian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "befæstnian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "befæstan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to fix"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fix",
          "fix"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to pledge, betroth; plight"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pledge",
          "pledge"
        ],
        [
          "betroth",
          "betroth"
        ],
        [
          "plight",
          "plight"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/beˈfæst.ni.ɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "befæstnian"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"befæstnian" meaning in Old English

Verb

Inflected forms