See -ung in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ung",
"3": "-unge",
"4": "-unge",
"5": "-inge",
"6": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: -ung, -unge, -unge, -inge, -ing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: -ung, -unge, -unge, -inge, -ing"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "English: -ing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -ing"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ungu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ungu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ungō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ungō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-unga"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -unga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-inge"
},
"expansion": "Low German -inge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-inga"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -inga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -ing",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-unga"
},
"expansion": "Old High German -unga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-ung"
},
"expansion": "German -ung",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-ung"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -ung",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -ing",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-ungu, from Proto-Germanic *-ungō.\nCognate with Old Saxon -unga (Low German -inge, -ing), Old Dutch -inga, -unga (Dutch -ing), Old High German -unga (German -ung), Old Norse -ung, -ing (Swedish -ing).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ung",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ungum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f",
"head": "-ung"
},
"expansion": "-ung f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ung"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ung",
"2": "-unga,-unge",
"3": "-unge",
"4": "-unga,-unge",
"5": "-unge",
"6": "-unga",
"7": "-unge",
"8": "-ungum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forming nouns from verbs, denoting verbal action or an instance of it; or denoting a substance involved in the verbal action"
],
"id": "en--ung-ang-suffix-SpDca7N7",
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"nouns"
],
[
"verbs",
"verbs"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/unɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[uŋɡ]"
}
],
"word": "-ung"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ung",
"3": "-unge",
"4": "-unge",
"5": "-inge",
"6": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: -ung, -unge, -unge, -inge, -ing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: -ung, -unge, -unge, -inge, -ing"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "English: -ing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -ing"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ungu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ungu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ungō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ungō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-unga"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon -unga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "-inge"
},
"expansion": "Low German -inge",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-inga"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch -inga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -ing",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-unga"
},
"expansion": "Old High German -unga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-ung"
},
"expansion": "German -ung",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-ung"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -ung",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-ing"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -ing",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-ungu, from Proto-Germanic *-ungō.\nCognate with Old Saxon -unga (Low German -inge, -ing), Old Dutch -inga, -unga (Dutch -ing), Old High German -unga (German -ung), Old Norse -ung, -ing (Swedish -ing).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ung",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ungum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f",
"head": "-ung"
},
"expansion": "-ung f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ung"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ung",
"2": "-unga,-unge",
"3": "-unge",
"4": "-unga,-unge",
"5": "-unge",
"6": "-unga",
"7": "-unge",
"8": "-ungum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine suffixes",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"forming nouns from verbs, denoting verbal action or an instance of it; or denoting a substance involved in the verbal action"
],
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"nouns"
],
[
"verbs",
"verbs"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/unɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[uŋɡ]"
}
],
"word": "-ung"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ung meaning in Old English (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.