See -ling in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ling meaning in Old English (3.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling",
"id": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: -ling\nEnglish: -ling, -long (as in headlong)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: -ling\nEnglish: -ling, -long (as in headlong)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "long",
"3": "lang",
"4": "long"
},
"expansion": "Old English lang (“long”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From alteration of suffixal use of Old English lang (“long”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "-ling",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "backwards",
"text": "hinderling",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"adverbial suffix denoting direction, state or position"
],
"id": "en--ling-ang-suffix-ang:adverbial",
"senseid": [
"ang:adverbial"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/linɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[liŋɡ]"
}
],
"word": "-ling"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling",
"id": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: -ling",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: -ling"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "English: -ling",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -ling"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ling"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ling",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ilingaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ilingaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-ling, from Proto-Germanic *-ilingaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ling",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lingas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ling",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lingas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-linges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-linga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-linge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lingum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m",
"head": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "-ling m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ling"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ling",
"2": "-lingas",
"3": "-ling",
"4": "-lingas",
"5": "-linges",
"6": "-linga",
"7": "-linge",
"8": "-lingum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "favorite, darling",
"text": "dīerling",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "prisoner",
"text": "rǣpling",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used in forming personal nouns"
],
"id": "en--ling-ang-suffix-ang:nominal",
"senseid": [
"ang:nominal"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "57 29 13",
"word": "-linc"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "starling",
"text": "stærling",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix forming diminutives"
],
"id": "en--ling-ang-suffix-UG-Vi9H1",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Icling (\"dynasty of Icel\" or \"House of Icel\"); Ætheling (House of Ethel)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dynasty, lineage"
],
"id": "en--ling-ang-suffix-A1uikNPg",
"links": [
[
"dynasty",
"dynasty"
],
[
"lineage",
"lineage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/linɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[liŋɡ]"
}
],
"word": "-ling"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English diminutive suffixes",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine suffixes",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling",
"id": "adverbial"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: -ling\nEnglish: -ling, -long (as in headlong)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: -ling\nEnglish: -ling, -long (as in headlong)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "long",
"3": "lang",
"4": "long"
},
"expansion": "Old English lang (“long”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From alteration of suffixal use of Old English lang (“long”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "-ling",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "backwards",
"text": "hinderling",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"adverbial suffix denoting direction, state or position"
],
"senseid": [
"ang:adverbial"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/linɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[liŋɡ]"
}
],
"word": "-ling"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English diminutive suffixes",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine suffixes",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "-ling",
"id": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: -ling",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: -ling"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "English: -ling",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: -ling"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-ling"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-ling",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ilingaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ilingaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-ling, from Proto-Germanic *-ilingaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ling",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lingas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ling",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lingas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-linges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-linga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-linge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lingum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m",
"head": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "-ling m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ling"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ling",
"2": "-lingas",
"3": "-ling",
"4": "-lingas",
"5": "-linges",
"6": "-linga",
"7": "-linge",
"8": "-lingum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "favorite, darling",
"text": "dīerling",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "prisoner",
"text": "rǣpling",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used in forming personal nouns"
],
"senseid": [
"ang:nominal"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "starling",
"text": "stærling",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix forming diminutives"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Icling (\"dynasty of Icel\" or \"House of Icel\"); Ætheling (House of Ethel)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dynasty, lineage"
],
"links": [
[
"dynasty",
"dynasty"
],
[
"lineage",
"lineage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/linɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[liŋɡ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-linc"
}
],
"word": "-ling"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.