թաղ in Old Armenian

Forms: tʻał [romanization] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: A Zan borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Kartvelian *tel- (“to trample, to tighten”), whence Mingrelian თალ-უას (tal-uas, “to trample”), Georgian თელ-ავს (tel-avs, “to trample; to felt”) etc. The more basic meaning "dense, compacted, fulled" is seen in the derivatives թաղ-ուն (tʻał-un), reduplicated թա-թաղ-ուն (tʻa-tʻał-un, “thick, compact, dense”), թաղ-կ-իմ (tʻał-k-im, “to be pressed closely together”). According to Ačaṙyan, the following group of words in neighbouring languages is directly or indirectly borrowed from Armenian: Georgian თალია (talia, “animal-skin bag; sack”), თალაია (talaia, “animal-skin bag”), თალისა (talisa, “bale (of unsorted wool etc)”), Bats თაჲლზი (taylzi, “saddlebag”), Persian تله (tala, “bag”), تلیسه (talîsa, “saddlecloth, saddlebag”), Classical Syriac ܬܠܝܣܐ (talīsā, “bag, small sack”), Arabic تِلِّيس (tillīs, “sack”), Azerbaijani təlis (“sackcloth; sack”), dialectal Turkish telis (“a kind of sack”), Kazakh талыс (talys, “a small bag of hide”), Byzantine Greek θαλλίς (thallís, “pouch, bag; a measure of grain; a basket of twigs”), θαλλίον (thallíon), θάλιον (thálion, “foliage or twigs”), θαλλίν (thallín, “basket of twigs”) – confounded apparently with θαλλός (thallós, “shoot, branch; palm leaf”) –, Coptic ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ (thallis), ⲑⲁⲗⲓⲥ (thalis), ⲑⲁⲗⲓⲉ (thalie), ⲑⲁⲗⲓⲉ (thalie), ⲑⲁⲗⲙ (thalm), ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲥ (talis), ⲧⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ (tallis, “sack as either a blanket or corn measure or shirt”). For the sense development compare քուրձ (kʻurj). The variation in forms can be explained by թաղ (tʻał), its derivative թաղի (tʻałi), plural nominative թաղի-ք (tʻałi-kʻ), plural accusative թաղի-ս (tʻałi-s); the latter two are used as frozen nominative singulars denoting "felt" and goods made of felt in Middle Armenian and in the dialects. Etymology templates: {{bor|xcl|ccs-zan}} Zan, {{der|xcl|ccs-pro|*tel-|t=to trample, to tighten}} Proto-Kartvelian *tel- (“to trample, to tighten”), {{cog|xmf|თალუას|თალ-უას|t=to trample}} Mingrelian თალ-უას (tal-uas, “to trample”), {{cog|ka|თელავს|თელ-ავს|t=to trample; to felt}} Georgian თელ-ავს (tel-avs, “to trample; to felt”), {{cog|ka|თალია|t=animal-skin bag; sack}} Georgian თალია (talia, “animal-skin bag; sack”), {{cog|bbl|თაჲლზი|t=saddlebag}} Bats თაჲლზი (taylzi, “saddlebag”), {{cog|fa|تله|t=bag|tr=tala}} Persian تله (tala, “bag”), {{cog|syc|ܬܠܝܣܐ|t=bag, small sack|tr=talīsā}} Classical Syriac ܬܠܝܣܐ (talīsā, “bag, small sack”), {{cog|ar|تِلِّيس|t=sack}} Arabic تِلِّيس (tillīs, “sack”), {{cog|az|təlis|t=sackcloth; sack}} Azerbaijani təlis (“sackcloth; sack”), {{cog|tr|telis|t=a kind of sack}} Turkish telis (“a kind of sack”), {{cog|kk|талыс|t=a small bag of hide}} Kazakh талыс (talys, “a small bag of hide”), {{cog|gkm|θαλλίς|t=pouch, bag; a measure of grain; a basket of twigs}} Byzantine Greek θαλλίς (thallís, “pouch, bag; a measure of grain; a basket of twigs”), {{cog|cop|ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ}} Coptic ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ (thallis) Head templates: {{head|xcl|noun|id=felt}} թաղ • (tʻał)

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "թաղ"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: թաղ (tʻaġ)\n→ Northern Kurdish: t’aẍ\n→ Udi: тагъ (taɣ)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: թաղ (tʻaġ)\n→ Northern Kurdish: t’aẍ\n→ Udi: тагъ (taɣ)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*tl̥h₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tl̥h₂-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Indo-European *tl̥h₂-, the zero-grade of *telh₂- (“ground”), and related to թաղեմ (tʻałem, “to bury”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻał",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "noun",
        "id": "quarter"
      },
      "expansion": "թաղ • (tʻał)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "tʻałnord",
          "word": "թաղնորդ"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Translation by Robert W. Thomson\nThe Byzantium that was built earlier is a quarter at the edge of the city, which up to today is called by its name Byzantium.",
          "ref": "5th century, Łazar Pʻarpecʻi, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ [History of Armenia] 3",
          "roman": "Isk or yaṙaǰagoyn šineal Biwzandiosn ēr, ē tʻał mi yezer norin kʻałakʻi, or minčʻew cʻaysōr norin anuamb kočʻi Biwzandios:",
          "text": "Իսկ որ յառաջագոյն շինեալ Բիւզանդիոսն էր՝ է թաղ մի յեզեր նորին քաղաքի, որ մինչև ցայսօր նորին անուամբ կոչի Բիւզանդիոս:"
        },
        {
          "ref": "13th century, Vardan Arewelcʻi, Meknutʻiwn Sałmosacʻ Dawtʻi [Commentary on Psalms of David]",
          "roman": "Aylew, orpēs kʻałakʻ aseln, nšanakē zzgalis, or tʻałkʻ tʻałkʻ šinecʻaw yamenayn erkir; nman gol imanalwoyn, or and en daskʻ ew tʻałkʻ zōracʻn hrełinacʻ, ur ew zpakasn lnun ordikʻ Adamay, šinealkʻ zawerealn yapstambēn.",
          "text": "Այլև՝ որպէս քաղաք ասելն՝ նշանակէ զզգալիս, որ թաղք թաղք շինեցաւ յամենայն երկիր․ նման գոլ իմանալւոյն՝ որ անդ են դասք և թաղք զօրացն հրեղինաց, ուր և զպակասն լնուն որդիք Ադամայ, շինեալք զաւերեալն յապստամբէն։"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "quarter (of a city)"
      ],
      "id": "en-թաղ-xcl-noun-u198U--q",
      "links": [
        [
          "quarter",
          "quarter"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "to bury; probably",
          "roman": "tʻałem",
          "word": "թաղեմ"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "թաղ"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻatʻałun",
      "word": "թաթաղուն"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałagorc",
      "word": "թաղագործ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałatʻapʻ",
      "word": "թաղաթափ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałak",
      "word": "թաղակ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałahar",
      "word": "թաղահար"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałeay",
      "word": "թաղեայ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałi",
      "word": "թաղի"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałianam",
      "word": "թաղիանամ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałkim",
      "word": "թաղկիմ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałhal",
      "word": "թաղհալ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałhar",
      "word": "թաղհար"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tʻałun",
      "word": "թաղուն"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjj",
            "2": "ттагьла",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Khinalug: ттагьла (tːahla)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Khinalug: ттагьла (tːahla)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ccs-zan"
      },
      "expansion": "Zan",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ccs-pro",
        "3": "*tel-",
        "t": "to trample, to tighten"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *tel- (“to trample, to tighten”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xmf",
        "2": "თალუას",
        "3": "თალ-უას",
        "t": "to trample"
      },
      "expansion": "Mingrelian თალ-უას (tal-uas, “to trample”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "თელავს",
        "3": "თელ-ავს",
        "t": "to trample; to felt"
      },
      "expansion": "Georgian თელ-ავს (tel-avs, “to trample; to felt”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "თალია",
        "t": "animal-skin bag; sack"
      },
      "expansion": "Georgian თალია (talia, “animal-skin bag; sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bbl",
        "2": "თაჲლზი",
        "t": "saddlebag"
      },
      "expansion": "Bats თაჲლზი (taylzi, “saddlebag”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "تله",
        "t": "bag",
        "tr": "tala"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian تله (tala, “bag”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܬܠܝܣܐ",
        "t": "bag, small sack",
        "tr": "talīsā"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܬܠܝܣܐ (talīsā, “bag, small sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "تِلِّيس",
        "t": "sack"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic تِلِّيس (tillīs, “sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "az",
        "2": "təlis",
        "t": "sackcloth; sack"
      },
      "expansion": "Azerbaijani təlis (“sackcloth; sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "telis",
        "t": "a kind of sack"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish telis (“a kind of sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kk",
        "2": "талыс",
        "t": "a small bag of hide"
      },
      "expansion": "Kazakh талыс (talys, “a small bag of hide”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gkm",
        "2": "θαλλίς",
        "t": "pouch, bag; a measure of grain; a basket of twigs"
      },
      "expansion": "Byzantine Greek θαλλίς (thallís, “pouch, bag; a measure of grain; a basket of twigs”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cop",
        "2": "ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ"
      },
      "expansion": "Coptic ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ (thallis)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A Zan borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Kartvelian *tel- (“to trample, to tighten”), whence Mingrelian თალ-უას (tal-uas, “to trample”), Georgian თელ-ავს (tel-avs, “to trample; to felt”) etc.\nThe more basic meaning \"dense, compacted, fulled\" is seen in the derivatives թաղ-ուն (tʻał-un), reduplicated թա-թաղ-ուն (tʻa-tʻał-un, “thick, compact, dense”), թաղ-կ-իմ (tʻał-k-im, “to be pressed closely together”).\nAccording to Ačaṙyan, the following group of words in neighbouring languages is directly or indirectly borrowed from Armenian: Georgian თალია (talia, “animal-skin bag; sack”), თალაია (talaia, “animal-skin bag”), თალისა (talisa, “bale (of unsorted wool etc)”), Bats თაჲლზი (taylzi, “saddlebag”), Persian تله (tala, “bag”), تلیسه (talîsa, “saddlecloth, saddlebag”), Classical Syriac ܬܠܝܣܐ (talīsā, “bag, small sack”), Arabic تِلِّيس (tillīs, “sack”), Azerbaijani təlis (“sackcloth; sack”), dialectal Turkish telis (“a kind of sack”), Kazakh талыс (talys, “a small bag of hide”), Byzantine Greek θαλλίς (thallís, “pouch, bag; a measure of grain; a basket of twigs”), θαλλίον (thallíon), θάλιον (thálion, “foliage or twigs”), θαλλίν (thallín, “basket of twigs”) – confounded apparently with θαλλός (thallós, “shoot, branch; palm leaf”) –, Coptic ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ (thallis), ⲑⲁⲗⲓⲥ (thalis), ⲑⲁⲗⲓⲉ (thalie), ⲑⲁⲗⲓⲉ (thalie), ⲑⲁⲗⲙ (thalm), ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲥ (talis), ⲧⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ (tallis, “sack as either a blanket or corn measure or shirt”). For the sense development compare քուրձ (kʻurj). The variation in forms can be explained by թաղ (tʻał), its derivative թաղի (tʻałi), plural nominative թաղի-ք (tʻałi-kʻ), plural accusative թաղի-ս (tʻałi-s); the latter two are used as frozen nominative singulars denoting \"felt\" and goods made of felt in Middle Armenian and in the dialects.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻał",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "noun",
        "id": "felt"
      },
      "expansion": "թաղ • (tʻał)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 70 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "xcl",
          "name": "Armor",
          "orig": "xcl:Armor",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 96 2",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "xcl",
          "name": "Fabrics",
          "orig": "xcl:Fabrics",
          "parents": [
            "Materials",
            "Manufacturing",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 67 31",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "xcl",
          "name": "Headwear",
          "orig": "xcl:Headwear",
          "parents": [
            "Clothing",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Translation by Robert W. Thomson\n[…] and in the daytime [it is covered with] a very dense cloud like soft felt, in the form of a very bright white mist.",
          "ref": "10/13th century, Tʻovmay Arcruni and Ananun, Patmutʻiwn tann Arcruneacʻ [History of the House of Artsrunik]",
          "text": "[…] և ի տունջեան ամպ թանձրախոծ իբրև զթաղ լմեալ բալաձև սպիտակափայլ յոյժ․ զայնմանէ ասէին՝ երկիր օտար անծանօթ։\n[…]ew i tunǰean amp tʻanjraxoc ibrew ztʻał lmeal balajew spitakapʻayl yoyž; zaynmanē asēin, erkir ōtar ancanōtʻ."
        },
        {
          "english": "Translation by Robert W. Thomson\nThose near the ramparts equipped the battle line and provoked battle. They put on garments made from woollen fleeces, pressed and glued together by powerful arms to strengthen the backs; they called the fine hairs “felt.” Placed in water, it soaks it up like a sponge. Putting this on themselves as armour, they [the Muslims] render combat more intense since they are not frightened by the heat of the fire.",
          "ref": "10/13th century, Tʻovmay Arcruni and Ananun, Patmutʻiwn tann Arcruneacʻ [History of the House of Artsrunik]",
          "roman": "Ew orkʻ merj aṙ parspōkʻn zčakatn vaṙēin ew zmartn grgṙēin, zgestn inkʻeancʻ yasuēicʻ kazmeal, zor i zōrutʻiwn tʻikancʻ užoy bazkacʻ čnšeal ew macucʻeal ənd mimeans, znrbutʻiwn mazoyn tʻał kočʻecʻin, zor i ǰur edeal, ccē ibrew zspung, zayn zineal i veray anjancʻ, sastkacʻucʻanen zpaterazmn, anerkiwł mnalov i hroyn točʻormanē",
          "text": "Եւ որք մերձ առ պարսպօքն զճակատն վառէին և զմարտն գրգռէին՝ զգեստն ինքեանց յասուէից կազմեալ, զոր ի զօրութիւն թիկանց ուժոյ բազկաց ճնշեալ և մածուցեալ ընդ միմեանս՝ զնրբութիւն մազոյն թաղ կոչեցին, զոր ի ջուր եդեալ՝ ծծէ իբրև զսպունգ, զայն զինեալ ի վերայ անձանց՝ սաստկացուցանեն զպատերազմն, աներկիւղ մնալով ի հրոյն տոչորմանէ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "felt"
      ],
      "id": "en-թաղ-xcl-noun-BZcOMFVf",
      "links": [
        [
          "felt",
          "felt"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "helmet"
      ],
      "id": "en-թաղ-xcl-noun-EVWEhgzV",
      "links": [
        [
          "helmet",
          "helmet"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "felt",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(felt) helmet"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "թաղ"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian nouns",
    "Old Armenian terms borrowed from Zan languages",
    "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Kartvelian",
    "Old Armenian terms derived from Zan languages",
    "Old Armenian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "xcl:Armor",
    "xcl:Fabrics",
    "xcl:Headwear"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "tʻałnord",
      "word": "թաղնորդ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "թաղ"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: թաղ (tʻaġ)\n→ Northern Kurdish: t’aẍ\n→ Udi: тагъ (taɣ)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: թաղ (tʻaġ)\n→ Northern Kurdish: t’aẍ\n→ Udi: тагъ (taɣ)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*tl̥h₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tl̥h₂-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Indo-European *tl̥h₂-, the zero-grade of *telh₂- (“ground”), and related to թաղեմ (tʻałem, “to bury”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻał",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "noun",
        "id": "quarter"
      },
      "expansion": "թաղ • (tʻał)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to bury; probably",
      "roman": "tʻałem",
      "word": "թաղեմ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Old Armenian quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Translation by Robert W. Thomson\nThe Byzantium that was built earlier is a quarter at the edge of the city, which up to today is called by its name Byzantium.",
          "ref": "5th century, Łazar Pʻarpecʻi, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ [History of Armenia] 3",
          "roman": "Isk or yaṙaǰagoyn šineal Biwzandiosn ēr, ē tʻał mi yezer norin kʻałakʻi, or minčʻew cʻaysōr norin anuamb kočʻi Biwzandios:",
          "text": "Իսկ որ յառաջագոյն շինեալ Բիւզանդիոսն էր՝ է թաղ մի յեզեր նորին քաղաքի, որ մինչև ցայսօր նորին անուամբ կոչի Բիւզանդիոս:"
        },
        {
          "ref": "13th century, Vardan Arewelcʻi, Meknutʻiwn Sałmosacʻ Dawtʻi [Commentary on Psalms of David]",
          "roman": "Aylew, orpēs kʻałakʻ aseln, nšanakē zzgalis, or tʻałkʻ tʻałkʻ šinecʻaw yamenayn erkir; nman gol imanalwoyn, or and en daskʻ ew tʻałkʻ zōracʻn hrełinacʻ, ur ew zpakasn lnun ordikʻ Adamay, šinealkʻ zawerealn yapstambēn.",
          "text": "Այլև՝ որպէս քաղաք ասելն՝ նշանակէ զզգալիս, որ թաղք թաղք շինեցաւ յամենայն երկիր․ նման գոլ իմանալւոյն՝ որ անդ են դասք և թաղք զօրացն հրեղինաց, ուր և զպակասն լնուն որդիք Ադամայ, շինեալք զաւերեալն յապստամբէն։"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "quarter (of a city)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "quarter",
          "quarter"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "թաղ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Armenian lemmas",
    "Old Armenian nouns",
    "Old Armenian terms borrowed from Zan languages",
    "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Kartvelian",
    "Old Armenian terms derived from Zan languages",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "xcl:Armor",
    "xcl:Fabrics",
    "xcl:Headwear"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "tʻatʻałun",
      "word": "թաթաղուն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałagorc",
      "word": "թաղագործ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałatʻapʻ",
      "word": "թաղաթափ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałak",
      "word": "թաղակ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałahar",
      "word": "թաղահար"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałeay",
      "word": "թաղեայ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałi",
      "word": "թաղի"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałianam",
      "word": "թաղիանամ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałkim",
      "word": "թաղկիմ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałhal",
      "word": "թաղհալ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałhar",
      "word": "թաղհար"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻałun",
      "word": "թաղուն"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjj",
            "2": "ттагьла",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Khinalug: ттагьла (tːahla)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Khinalug: ттагьла (tːahla)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ccs-zan"
      },
      "expansion": "Zan",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ccs-pro",
        "3": "*tel-",
        "t": "to trample, to tighten"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *tel- (“to trample, to tighten”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xmf",
        "2": "თალუას",
        "3": "თალ-უას",
        "t": "to trample"
      },
      "expansion": "Mingrelian თალ-უას (tal-uas, “to trample”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "თელავს",
        "3": "თელ-ავს",
        "t": "to trample; to felt"
      },
      "expansion": "Georgian თელ-ავს (tel-avs, “to trample; to felt”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "თალია",
        "t": "animal-skin bag; sack"
      },
      "expansion": "Georgian თალია (talia, “animal-skin bag; sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bbl",
        "2": "თაჲლზი",
        "t": "saddlebag"
      },
      "expansion": "Bats თაჲლზი (taylzi, “saddlebag”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "تله",
        "t": "bag",
        "tr": "tala"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian تله (tala, “bag”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܬܠܝܣܐ",
        "t": "bag, small sack",
        "tr": "talīsā"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܬܠܝܣܐ (talīsā, “bag, small sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "تِلِّيس",
        "t": "sack"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic تِلِّيس (tillīs, “sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "az",
        "2": "təlis",
        "t": "sackcloth; sack"
      },
      "expansion": "Azerbaijani təlis (“sackcloth; sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "telis",
        "t": "a kind of sack"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish telis (“a kind of sack”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kk",
        "2": "талыс",
        "t": "a small bag of hide"
      },
      "expansion": "Kazakh талыс (talys, “a small bag of hide”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gkm",
        "2": "θαλλίς",
        "t": "pouch, bag; a measure of grain; a basket of twigs"
      },
      "expansion": "Byzantine Greek θαλλίς (thallís, “pouch, bag; a measure of grain; a basket of twigs”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cop",
        "2": "ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ"
      },
      "expansion": "Coptic ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ (thallis)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A Zan borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Kartvelian *tel- (“to trample, to tighten”), whence Mingrelian თალ-უას (tal-uas, “to trample”), Georgian თელ-ავს (tel-avs, “to trample; to felt”) etc.\nThe more basic meaning \"dense, compacted, fulled\" is seen in the derivatives թաղ-ուն (tʻał-un), reduplicated թա-թաղ-ուն (tʻa-tʻał-un, “thick, compact, dense”), թաղ-կ-իմ (tʻał-k-im, “to be pressed closely together”).\nAccording to Ačaṙyan, the following group of words in neighbouring languages is directly or indirectly borrowed from Armenian: Georgian თალია (talia, “animal-skin bag; sack”), თალაია (talaia, “animal-skin bag”), თალისა (talisa, “bale (of unsorted wool etc)”), Bats თაჲლზი (taylzi, “saddlebag”), Persian تله (tala, “bag”), تلیسه (talîsa, “saddlecloth, saddlebag”), Classical Syriac ܬܠܝܣܐ (talīsā, “bag, small sack”), Arabic تِلِّيس (tillīs, “sack”), Azerbaijani təlis (“sackcloth; sack”), dialectal Turkish telis (“a kind of sack”), Kazakh талыс (talys, “a small bag of hide”), Byzantine Greek θαλλίς (thallís, “pouch, bag; a measure of grain; a basket of twigs”), θαλλίον (thallíon), θάλιον (thálion, “foliage or twigs”), θαλλίν (thallín, “basket of twigs”) – confounded apparently with θαλλός (thallós, “shoot, branch; palm leaf”) –, Coptic ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ (thallis), ⲑⲁⲗⲓⲥ (thalis), ⲑⲁⲗⲓⲉ (thalie), ⲑⲁⲗⲓⲉ (thalie), ⲑⲁⲗⲙ (thalm), ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲥ (talis), ⲧⲁⲗⲗⲓⲥ (tallis, “sack as either a blanket or corn measure or shirt”). For the sense development compare քուրձ (kʻurj). The variation in forms can be explained by թաղ (tʻał), its derivative թաղի (tʻałi), plural nominative թաղի-ք (tʻałi-kʻ), plural accusative թաղի-ս (tʻałi-s); the latter two are used as frozen nominative singulars denoting \"felt\" and goods made of felt in Middle Armenian and in the dialects.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻał",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "noun",
        "id": "felt"
      },
      "expansion": "թաղ • (tʻał)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Translation by Robert W. Thomson\n[…] and in the daytime [it is covered with] a very dense cloud like soft felt, in the form of a very bright white mist.",
          "ref": "10/13th century, Tʻovmay Arcruni and Ananun, Patmutʻiwn tann Arcruneacʻ [History of the House of Artsrunik]",
          "text": "[…] և ի տունջեան ամպ թանձրախոծ իբրև զթաղ լմեալ բալաձև սպիտակափայլ յոյժ․ զայնմանէ ասէին՝ երկիր օտար անծանօթ։\n[…]ew i tunǰean amp tʻanjraxoc ibrew ztʻał lmeal balajew spitakapʻayl yoyž; zaynmanē asēin, erkir ōtar ancanōtʻ."
        },
        {
          "english": "Translation by Robert W. Thomson\nThose near the ramparts equipped the battle line and provoked battle. They put on garments made from woollen fleeces, pressed and glued together by powerful arms to strengthen the backs; they called the fine hairs “felt.” Placed in water, it soaks it up like a sponge. Putting this on themselves as armour, they [the Muslims] render combat more intense since they are not frightened by the heat of the fire.",
          "ref": "10/13th century, Tʻovmay Arcruni and Ananun, Patmutʻiwn tann Arcruneacʻ [History of the House of Artsrunik]",
          "roman": "Ew orkʻ merj aṙ parspōkʻn zčakatn vaṙēin ew zmartn grgṙēin, zgestn inkʻeancʻ yasuēicʻ kazmeal, zor i zōrutʻiwn tʻikancʻ užoy bazkacʻ čnšeal ew macucʻeal ənd mimeans, znrbutʻiwn mazoyn tʻał kočʻecʻin, zor i ǰur edeal, ccē ibrew zspung, zayn zineal i veray anjancʻ, sastkacʻucʻanen zpaterazmn, anerkiwł mnalov i hroyn točʻormanē",
          "text": "Եւ որք մերձ առ պարսպօքն զճակատն վառէին և զմարտն գրգռէին՝ զգեստն ինքեանց յասուէից կազմեալ, զոր ի զօրութիւն թիկանց ուժոյ բազկաց ճնշեալ և մածուցեալ ընդ միմեանս՝ զնրբութիւն մազոյն թաղ կոչեցին, զոր ի ջուր եդեալ՝ ծծէ իբրև զսպունգ, զայն զինեալ ի վերայ անձանց՝ սաստկացուցանեն զպատերազմն, աներկիւղ մնալով ի հրոյն տոչորմանէ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "felt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "felt",
          "felt"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "helmet"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "helmet",
          "helmet"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "felt",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(felt) helmet"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "թաղ"
}

"թաղ" meaning in Old Armenian

Noun

Noun