See բուռն in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for բուռն meaning in Old Armenian (18.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrH-on-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain.\nThe sense “strong, violent” may be etymologically distinct from the sense “hollow of the hand; fist”; the former may derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-, from the root *bʰerH-, and be cognate with արբուն (arbun), Sanskrit भूर्णि (bhūrṇi-, “zealous, wild”), भुरण (bhuraṇa, “active, quick, lively”), Ancient Greek φυρμός (phurmós, “confused mass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buṙn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "xcl-noun-ն-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "n-type",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "բուռն",
"roman": "buṙn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունք",
"roman": "bṙunkʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բուռն",
"roman": "buṙn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունս",
"roman": "bṙuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանէ",
"roman": "bṙanē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռամբ",
"roman": "bṙamb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռամբք",
"roman": "bṙambkʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունս",
"roman": "bṙuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "xcl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "բուռն",
"11": "բռանց",
"13": "բուռն",
"15": "բռունս",
"17": "բռանէ",
"19": "բռանց",
"21": "բռամբ",
"23": "բռամբք",
"25": "բռան, բռին",
"27": "բռունս",
"3": "բռունք",
"5": "բռան, բռին",
"7": "բռանց",
"9": "բռան, բռին",
"note": "",
"type": "n-type"
},
"name": "xcl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a handful",
"roman": "buṙn mi",
"text": "բուռն մի",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hollow of the hand; cupped hand"
],
"id": "en-բուռն-xcl-noun-a9pPS464",
"links": [
[
"cupped",
"cupped"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to undertake, begin",
"roman": "buṙn harkanel",
"text": "բուռն հարկանել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to take, to grasp, to arrest; to rule, to conquer, to subjugate",
"roman": "i buṙn arkanel, aṙnul, zbṙamb acel, arkanel, ənd bṙamb unel",
"text": "ի բուռն արկանել, առնուլ, զբռամբ ածել, արկանել, ընդ բռամբ ունել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to take by the neck",
"roman": "buṙn harkanel zōjeacʻ",
"text": "բուռն հարկանել զօձեաց",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There is an animal called autholops, an exceedingly fierce animal; until the hunters are unable to catch it. It has long horns in the shape of a saw, so that it is able to saw very large and high trees. And when it is thirsty, it goes to the river Aracani and drinks water.",
"ref": "5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).3.1–4",
"roman": "Translation by Gohar Muradyan",
"text": "Է երէ ինչ, որ կոչի աւթողոփոս․ գազան սաստիկ էրէ․ մինչ որսորդաց չէ հնար զնա ի բուռն արկանել։ Եղջիւրս ունի երկայնս եւ սղոցաձեւս, մինչեւ զծառս մեծամեծս եւ բարձունս սղոցել․ եւ յորժամ ծարաւեսցի, գնայ յԱրածանի գետ եւ ըմբէ ջուր։\nĒ erē inčʻ, or kočʻi awtʻołopʻos; gazan sastik ērē; minčʻ orsordacʻ čʻē hnar zna i buṙn arkanel. Ełǰiwrs uni erkayns ew słocʻajews, minčʻew zcaṙs mecamecs ew barjuns słocʻel; ew yoržam carawescʻi, gnay yAracani get ew əmbē ǰur."
}
],
"glosses": [
"fist"
],
"id": "en-բուռն-xcl-noun-kfSVmKw6",
"links": [
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be taken, seized, arrested",
"roman": "i buṙn gal, ankanel",
"text": "ի բուռն գալ, անկանել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"power, authority"
],
"id": "en-բուռն-xcl-noun-eu1Ht5Lo",
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) power, authority"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to force, to offer violence",
"roman": "buṙn aṙnel, linel, i veray dnel",
"text": "բուռն առնել, լինել, ի վերայ դնել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to risk, to hazard, to expose oneself to peril",
"roman": "i bṙin unel, dnel zogi/zogisn",
"text": "ի բռին ունել, դնել զոգի/զոգիսն",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"violence, force, tyranny"
],
"id": "en-բուռն-xcl-noun-RydMnOsX",
"links": [
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"tyranny",
"tyranny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) violence, force, tyranny"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tyrant, usurper"
],
"id": "en-բուռն-xcl-noun-6ekBSdIe",
"links": [
[
"tyrant",
"tyrant"
],
[
"usurper",
"usurper"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) tyrant, usurper"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"word": "բուռն"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrH-on-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain.\nThe sense “strong, violent” may be etymologically distinct from the sense “hollow of the hand; fist”; the former may derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-, from the root *bʰerH-, and be cognate with արբուն (arbun), Sanskrit भूर्णि (bhūrṇi-, “zealous, wild”), भुरण (bhuraṇa, “active, quick, lively”), Ancient Greek φυρμός (phurmós, “confused mass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buṙn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "xcl-noun-ն-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "n-type",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "բուռն",
"roman": "buṙn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունք",
"roman": "bṙunkʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բուռն",
"roman": "buṙn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունս",
"roman": "bṙuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանէ",
"roman": "bṙanē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռամբ",
"roman": "bṙamb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռամբք",
"roman": "bṙambkʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունս",
"roman": "bṙuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "adjective",
"cat2": "",
"g": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "xcl-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "բուռն",
"11": "բռանց",
"13": "բուռն",
"15": "բռունս",
"17": "բռանէ",
"19": "բռանց",
"21": "բռամբ",
"23": "բռամբք",
"25": "բռան, բռին",
"27": "բռունս",
"3": "բռունք",
"5": "բռան, բռին",
"7": "բռանց",
"9": "բռան, բռին",
"note": "",
"type": "n-type"
},
"name": "xcl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"strong, violent, impetuous, furious, fiery, spirited, energetic, unruly, vehement, vigorous, angry, enraged, tyrannical, predominant, powerful"
],
"id": "en-բուռն-xcl-adj-opi46eFO",
"links": [
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"impetuous",
"impetuous"
],
[
"furious",
"furious"
],
[
"fiery",
"fiery"
],
[
"spirited",
"spirited"
],
[
"energetic",
"energetic"
],
[
"unruly",
"unruly"
],
[
"vehement",
"vehement"
],
[
"vigorous",
"vigorous"
],
[
"angry",
"angry"
],
[
"enraged",
"enraged"
],
[
"tyrannical",
"tyrannical"
],
[
"predominant",
"predominant"
],
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
]
]
}
],
"word": "բուռն"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "բուռ",
"3": "բուռն",
"4": "բռունցք"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: բուռ (buṙ), բուռն (buṙn), բռունցք (bṙuncʻkʻ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: բուռ (buṙ), բուռն (buṙn), բռունցք (bṙuncʻkʻ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "burnek"
},
"expansion": "Romani: burnek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romani: burnek"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrH-on-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain.\nThe sense “strong, violent” may be etymologically distinct from the sense “hollow of the hand; fist”; the former may derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-, from the root *bʰerH-, and be cognate with արբուն (arbun), Sanskrit भूर्णि (bhūrṇi-, “zealous, wild”), भुरण (bhuraṇa, “active, quick, lively”), Ancient Greek φυρμός (phurmós, “confused mass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buṙn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "adverb",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "xcl-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "amēnəmbṙnoł",
"word": "ամէնըմբռնող"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnabar",
"word": "անբռնաբար"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnadat",
"word": "անբռնադատ"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnadatabar",
"word": "անբռնադատաբար"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnadateli",
"word": "անբռնադատելի"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "անբռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnabar",
"word": "անըմբռնաբար"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnakan",
"word": "անըմբռնական"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnapēs",
"word": "անըմբռնապէս"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙneli",
"word": "անըմբռնելի"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnim",
"word": "անըմբռնիմ"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "անըմբռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "buṙnalir",
"word": "բուռնալիր"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabar",
"word": "բռնաբար"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabarbaṙ",
"word": "բռնաբարբառ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabarbaṙutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնաբարբառութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabarem",
"word": "բռնաբարեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabaru",
"word": "բռնաբարու"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaglux",
"word": "բռնագլուխ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnagoyn",
"word": "բռնագոյն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnagorc",
"word": "բռնագործ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadat",
"word": "բռնադատ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatagoyn",
"word": "բռնադատագոյն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatakan",
"word": "բռնադատական"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatem",
"word": "բռնադատեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatičʻ",
"word": "բռնադատիչ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatołakan",
"word": "բռնադատողական"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatu",
"word": "բռնադատու"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնադատութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazbōsabar",
"word": "բռնազբօսաբար"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazbōsem",
"word": "բռնազբօսեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazbōsik",
"word": "բռնազբօսիկ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazbōsutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնազբօսութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazgecʻik",
"word": "բռնազգեցիկ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnažani",
"word": "բռնաժանի"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnalir",
"word": "բռնալիր"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaxoyean",
"word": "բռնախոյեան"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakal",
"word": "բռնակալ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakalem",
"word": "բռնակալեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakalu",
"word": "բռնակալու"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakalutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնակալութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakan",
"word": "բռնական"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakṙiw",
"word": "բռնակռիւ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaharem",
"word": "բռնահարեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaharutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնահարութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnajgutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնաձգութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnajig",
"word": "բռնաձիգ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamah",
"word": "բռնամահ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamahik",
"word": "բռնամահիկ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamart",
"word": "բռնամարտ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamartik",
"word": "բռնամարտիկ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamartikn",
"word": "բռնամարտիկն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamartkutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնամարտկութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnanam",
"word": "բռնանամ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnašunčʻ",
"word": "բռնաշունչ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnapastan",
"word": "բռնապաստան"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnapsak",
"word": "բռնապսակ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaptakkʻ",
"word": "բռնապտակք"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnavarem",
"word": "բռնավարեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnavēž",
"word": "բռնավէժ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnateł",
"word": "բռնատեղ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnarkem",
"word": "բռնարկեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnawor",
"word": "բռնաւոր"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworabar",
"word": "բռնաւորաբար"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworagoyn",
"word": "բռնաւորագոյն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworakan",
"word": "բռնաւորական"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworem",
"word": "բռնաւորեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworim",
"word": "բռնաւորիմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնաւորութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakʻar",
"word": "բռնաքար"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnem",
"word": "բռնեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙni",
"word": "բռնի"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnxētʻkʻ",
"word": "բռնխէթք"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnumn",
"word": "բռնումն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙncʻi",
"word": "բռնցի"
},
{
"roman": "bṙkʻar",
"word": "բռքար"
},
{
"roman": "džuarəmbṙneli",
"word": "դժուարըմբռնելի"
},
{
"roman": "diwrəmbṙneli",
"word": "դիւրըմբռնելի"
},
{
"roman": "diwrəmbṙnołakan",
"word": "դիւրըմբռնողական"
},
{
"roman": "diwrəmbṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "դիւրըմբռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnac",
"word": "ըմբռնած"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnakan",
"word": "ըմբռնական"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnał",
"word": "ըմբռնաղ"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnem",
"word": "ըմբռնեմ"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙničʻ",
"word": "ըմբռնիչ"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołabar",
"word": "ըմբռնողաբար"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołakan",
"word": "ըմբռնողական"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołakanagoyn",
"word": "ըմբռնողականագոյն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołakanutʻiwn",
"word": "ըմբռնողականութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołapēs",
"word": "ըմբռնողապէս"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołutʻiwn",
"word": "ըմբռնողութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "ըմբռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnumn",
"word": "ըմբռնումն"
},
{
"roman": "ənbṙnem",
"word": "ընբռնեմ"
},
{
"roman": "liabuṙn",
"word": "լիաբուռն"
},
{
"roman": "kašmbuṙn",
"word": "կաշմբուռն"
},
{
"roman": "hastabuṙn",
"word": "հաստաբուռն"
},
{
"roman": "harstabuṙn",
"word": "հարստաբուռն"
},
{
"roman": "yognəmbṙnoł",
"word": "յոգնըմբռնող"
},
{
"roman": "tarabṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "տարաբռնութիւն"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to aim at",
"roman": "buṙn dēt/dēp unel",
"text": "բուռն դէտ/դէպ ունել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"violently, ardently; with violence"
],
"id": "en-բուռն-xcl-adv-Lkol5SpL",
"links": [
[
"violently",
"violently"
],
[
"ardently",
"ardently"
],
[
"violence",
"violence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) violently, ardently; with violence"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"word": "բուռն"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian adjectives",
"Old Armenian adverbs",
"Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Armenian lemmas",
"Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Old Armenian nouns",
"Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Armenian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Old Armenian undefined derivations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrH-on-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain.\nThe sense “strong, violent” may be etymologically distinct from the sense “hollow of the hand; fist”; the former may derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-, from the root *bʰerH-, and be cognate with արբուն (arbun), Sanskrit भूर्णि (bhūrṇi-, “zealous, wild”), भुरण (bhuraṇa, “active, quick, lively”), Ancient Greek φυρμός (phurmós, “confused mass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buṙn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "xcl-noun-ն-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "n-type",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "բուռն",
"roman": "buṙn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունք",
"roman": "bṙunkʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բուռն",
"roman": "buṙn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունս",
"roman": "bṙuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանէ",
"roman": "bṙanē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռամբ",
"roman": "bṙamb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռամբք",
"roman": "bṙambkʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունս",
"roman": "bṙuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "xcl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "բուռն",
"11": "բռանց",
"13": "բուռն",
"15": "բռունս",
"17": "բռանէ",
"19": "բռանց",
"21": "բռամբ",
"23": "բռամբք",
"25": "բռան, բռին",
"27": "բռունս",
"3": "բռունք",
"5": "բռան, բռին",
"7": "բռանց",
"9": "բռան, բռին",
"note": "",
"type": "n-type"
},
"name": "xcl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a handful",
"roman": "buṙn mi",
"text": "բուռն մի",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hollow of the hand; cupped hand"
],
"links": [
[
"cupped",
"cupped"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with quotations",
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to undertake, begin",
"roman": "buṙn harkanel",
"text": "բուռն հարկանել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to take, to grasp, to arrest; to rule, to conquer, to subjugate",
"roman": "i buṙn arkanel, aṙnul, zbṙamb acel, arkanel, ənd bṙamb unel",
"text": "ի բուռն արկանել, առնուլ, զբռամբ ածել, արկանել, ընդ բռամբ ունել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to take by the neck",
"roman": "buṙn harkanel zōjeacʻ",
"text": "բուռն հարկանել զօձեաց",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There is an animal called autholops, an exceedingly fierce animal; until the hunters are unable to catch it. It has long horns in the shape of a saw, so that it is able to saw very large and high trees. And when it is thirsty, it goes to the river Aracani and drinks water.",
"ref": "5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).3.1–4",
"roman": "Translation by Gohar Muradyan",
"text": "Է երէ ինչ, որ կոչի աւթողոփոս․ գազան սաստիկ էրէ․ մինչ որսորդաց չէ հնար զնա ի բուռն արկանել։ Եղջիւրս ունի երկայնս եւ սղոցաձեւս, մինչեւ զծառս մեծամեծս եւ բարձունս սղոցել․ եւ յորժամ ծարաւեսցի, գնայ յԱրածանի գետ եւ ըմբէ ջուր։\nĒ erē inčʻ, or kočʻi awtʻołopʻos; gazan sastik ērē; minčʻ orsordacʻ čʻē hnar zna i buṙn arkanel. Ełǰiwrs uni erkayns ew słocʻajews, minčʻew zcaṙs mecamecs ew barjuns słocʻel; ew yoržam carawescʻi, gnay yAracani get ew əmbē ǰur."
}
],
"glosses": [
"fist"
],
"links": [
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be taken, seized, arrested",
"roman": "i buṙn gal, ankanel",
"text": "ի բուռն գալ, անկանել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"power, authority"
],
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) power, authority"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to force, to offer violence",
"roman": "buṙn aṙnel, linel, i veray dnel",
"text": "բուռն առնել, լինել, ի վերայ դնել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to risk, to hazard, to expose oneself to peril",
"roman": "i bṙin unel, dnel zogi/zogisn",
"text": "ի բռին ունել, դնել զոգի/զոգիսն",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"violence, force, tyranny"
],
"links": [
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"tyranny",
"tyranny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) violence, force, tyranny"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tyrant, usurper"
],
"links": [
[
"tyrant",
"tyrant"
],
[
"usurper",
"usurper"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) tyrant, usurper"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"word": "բուռն"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian adjectives",
"Old Armenian adverbs",
"Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Armenian lemmas",
"Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Old Armenian nouns",
"Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Armenian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Old Armenian undefined derivations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrH-on-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain.\nThe sense “strong, violent” may be etymologically distinct from the sense “hollow of the hand; fist”; the former may derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-, from the root *bʰerH-, and be cognate with արբուն (arbun), Sanskrit भूर्णि (bhūrṇi-, “zealous, wild”), भुरण (bhuraṇa, “active, quick, lively”), Ancient Greek φυρμός (phurmós, “confused mass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buṙn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "xcl-noun-ն-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "n-type",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "բուռն",
"roman": "buṙn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունք",
"roman": "bṙunkʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բուռն",
"roman": "buṙn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունս",
"roman": "bṙuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանէ",
"roman": "bṙanē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռանց",
"roman": "bṙancʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռամբ",
"roman": "bṙamb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռամբք",
"roman": "bṙambkʻ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "բռան",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռին",
"roman": "bṙan, bṙin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "բռունս",
"roman": "bṙuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "adjective",
"cat2": "",
"g": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "xcl-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "բուռն",
"11": "բռանց",
"13": "բուռն",
"15": "բռունս",
"17": "բռանէ",
"19": "բռանց",
"21": "բռամբ",
"23": "բռամբք",
"25": "բռան, բռին",
"27": "բռունս",
"3": "բռունք",
"5": "բռան, բռին",
"7": "բռանց",
"9": "բռան, բռին",
"note": "",
"type": "n-type"
},
"name": "xcl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"strong, violent, impetuous, furious, fiery, spirited, energetic, unruly, vehement, vigorous, angry, enraged, tyrannical, predominant, powerful"
],
"links": [
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"impetuous",
"impetuous"
],
[
"furious",
"furious"
],
[
"fiery",
"fiery"
],
[
"spirited",
"spirited"
],
[
"energetic",
"energetic"
],
[
"unruly",
"unruly"
],
[
"vehement",
"vehement"
],
[
"vigorous",
"vigorous"
],
[
"angry",
"angry"
],
[
"enraged",
"enraged"
],
[
"tyrannical",
"tyrannical"
],
[
"predominant",
"predominant"
],
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
]
]
}
],
"word": "բուռն"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian adjectives",
"Old Armenian adverbs",
"Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Armenian lemmas",
"Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Old Armenian nouns",
"Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Armenian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Old Armenian undefined derivations"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "amēnəmbṙnoł",
"word": "ամէնըմբռնող"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnabar",
"word": "անբռնաբար"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnadat",
"word": "անբռնադատ"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnadatabar",
"word": "անբռնադատաբար"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnadateli",
"word": "անբռնադատելի"
},
{
"roman": "anbṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "անբռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnabar",
"word": "անըմբռնաբար"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnakan",
"word": "անըմբռնական"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnapēs",
"word": "անըմբռնապէս"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙneli",
"word": "անըմբռնելի"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnim",
"word": "անըմբռնիմ"
},
{
"roman": "anəmbṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "անըմբռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "buṙnalir",
"word": "բուռնալիր"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabar",
"word": "բռնաբար"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabarbaṙ",
"word": "բռնաբարբառ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabarbaṙutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնաբարբառութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabarem",
"word": "բռնաբարեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnabaru",
"word": "բռնաբարու"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaglux",
"word": "բռնագլուխ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnagoyn",
"word": "բռնագոյն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnagorc",
"word": "բռնագործ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadat",
"word": "բռնադատ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatagoyn",
"word": "բռնադատագոյն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatakan",
"word": "բռնադատական"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatem",
"word": "բռնադատեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatičʻ",
"word": "բռնադատիչ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatołakan",
"word": "բռնադատողական"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatu",
"word": "բռնադատու"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnadatutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնադատութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazbōsabar",
"word": "բռնազբօսաբար"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazbōsem",
"word": "բռնազբօսեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazbōsik",
"word": "բռնազբօսիկ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazbōsutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնազբօսութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnazgecʻik",
"word": "բռնազգեցիկ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnažani",
"word": "բռնաժանի"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnalir",
"word": "բռնալիր"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaxoyean",
"word": "բռնախոյեան"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakal",
"word": "բռնակալ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakalem",
"word": "բռնակալեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakalu",
"word": "բռնակալու"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakalutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնակալութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakan",
"word": "բռնական"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakṙiw",
"word": "բռնակռիւ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaharem",
"word": "բռնահարեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaharutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնահարութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnajgutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնաձգութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnajig",
"word": "բռնաձիգ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamah",
"word": "բռնամահ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamahik",
"word": "բռնամահիկ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamart",
"word": "բռնամարտ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamartik",
"word": "բռնամարտիկ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamartikn",
"word": "բռնամարտիկն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnamartkutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնամարտկութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnanam",
"word": "բռնանամ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnašunčʻ",
"word": "բռնաշունչ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnapastan",
"word": "բռնապաստան"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnapsak",
"word": "բռնապսակ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaptakkʻ",
"word": "բռնապտակք"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnavarem",
"word": "բռնավարեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnavēž",
"word": "բռնավէժ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnateł",
"word": "բռնատեղ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnarkem",
"word": "բռնարկեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnawor",
"word": "բռնաւոր"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworabar",
"word": "բռնաւորաբար"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworagoyn",
"word": "բռնաւորագոյն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworakan",
"word": "բռնաւորական"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworem",
"word": "բռնաւորեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworim",
"word": "բռնաւորիմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnaworutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնաւորութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnakʻar",
"word": "բռնաքար"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnem",
"word": "բռնեմ"
},
{
"roman": "bṙni",
"word": "բռնի"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnxētʻkʻ",
"word": "բռնխէթք"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "բռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙnumn",
"word": "բռնումն"
},
{
"roman": "bṙncʻi",
"word": "բռնցի"
},
{
"roman": "bṙkʻar",
"word": "բռքար"
},
{
"roman": "džuarəmbṙneli",
"word": "դժուարըմբռնելի"
},
{
"roman": "diwrəmbṙneli",
"word": "դիւրըմբռնելի"
},
{
"roman": "diwrəmbṙnołakan",
"word": "դիւրըմբռնողական"
},
{
"roman": "diwrəmbṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "դիւրըմբռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnac",
"word": "ըմբռնած"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnakan",
"word": "ըմբռնական"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnał",
"word": "ըմբռնաղ"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnem",
"word": "ըմբռնեմ"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙničʻ",
"word": "ըմբռնիչ"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołabar",
"word": "ըմբռնողաբար"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołakan",
"word": "ըմբռնողական"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołakanagoyn",
"word": "ըմբռնողականագոյն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołakanutʻiwn",
"word": "ըմբռնողականութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołapēs",
"word": "ըմբռնողապէս"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnołutʻiwn",
"word": "ըմբռնողութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "ըմբռնութիւն"
},
{
"roman": "əmbṙnumn",
"word": "ըմբռնումն"
},
{
"roman": "ənbṙnem",
"word": "ընբռնեմ"
},
{
"roman": "liabuṙn",
"word": "լիաբուռն"
},
{
"roman": "kašmbuṙn",
"word": "կաշմբուռն"
},
{
"roman": "hastabuṙn",
"word": "հաստաբուռն"
},
{
"roman": "harstabuṙn",
"word": "հարստաբուռն"
},
{
"roman": "yognəmbṙnoł",
"word": "յոգնըմբռնող"
},
{
"roman": "tarabṙnutʻiwn",
"word": "տարաբռնութիւն"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "բուռ",
"3": "բուռն",
"4": "բռունցք"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: բուռ (buṙ), բուռն (buṙn), բռունցք (bṙuncʻkʻ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: բուռ (buṙ), բուռն (buṙn), բռունցք (bṙuncʻkʻ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "burnek"
},
"expansion": "Romani: burnek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romani: burnek"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrH-on-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain.\nThe sense “strong, violent” may be etymologically distinct from the sense “hollow of the hand; fist”; the former may derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrH-on-, from the root *bʰerH-, and be cognate with արբուն (arbun), Sanskrit भूर्णि (bhūrṇi-, “zealous, wild”), भुरण (bhuraṇa, “active, quick, lively”), Ancient Greek φυρμός (phurmós, “confused mass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buṙn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "adverb",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "բուռն • (buṙn)",
"name": "xcl-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to aim at",
"roman": "buṙn dēt/dēp unel",
"text": "բուռն դէտ/դէպ ունել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"violently, ardently; with violence"
],
"links": [
[
"violently",
"violently"
],
[
"ardently",
"ardently"
],
[
"violence",
"violence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) violently, ardently; with violence"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"word": "բուռն"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Armenian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.