See хаан in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "xng",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰍𐰣",
"3": "",
"tr": "qaɣan"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "可寒"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 可寒 (kha^X han)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mis-xnu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Xiongnu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "護于"
},
"expansion": "護于 (OC *ɢʷraːɡs ɢʷa)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "BCE",
"name": "B.C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "BCE",
"name": "BCE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "護于",
"tr": "*ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ"
},
"expansion": "護于 (OC *ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "單于",
"tr": "dar-ɦʷa"
},
"expansion": "單于 (OC dar-ɦʷa)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yen-pro",
"2": "*qeʔ",
"t": "big"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Yeniseian *qeʔ (“big”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan), from Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan). Compare Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan), the title of Bumïn Qaγan, founder of the Turkic Khaganate who reigned in 551–552 CE. Clauson considers it to be a Turkic loanword; yet the reverse (Mongolic into Turkic) is equally as likely, as Turks themselves borrowed the title from Rourans. As early as 3rd century CE general Yinalou, of Mongolic-speaking Xianbei ethnicity, had been recorded addressing chief Murong Tuyuhun as 可寒 (*qaɣan) (Early Middle Chinese 可寒 (kha^X han)), the earliest attested form of this title, before 可汗 (kèhán).\nAccording to Pulleyblank, the Xiongnu royal title 護于 (OC *ɢʷraːɡs ɢʷa) mentioned in the 1st century BCE is an earlier Chinese transcription of the same word. Vovin (2007) accepts the Xiongnu provenance, proposing that both 護于 (OC *ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ) and 單于 (OC dar-ɦʷa) stemmed from a Xiongnu root *qa- /*ɢa- \"great, ruler\", which in turn is related to Proto-Yeniseian *qeʔ (“big”) (Werner 2002.2:58) and *qʌ:j /*χʌ:j (“ruler, prince”) (Vovin's).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xaan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mn-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "хаан",
"roman": "xaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "хаан",
"roman": "xaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаад",
"roman": "xaad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанууд",
"roman": "xaanuud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааны",
"roman": "xaany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадын",
"roman": "xaadyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудын",
"roman": "xaanuudyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныг",
"roman": "xaanyg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадыг",
"roman": "xaadyg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудыг",
"roman": "xaanuudyg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанд",
"roman": "xaand",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадад",
"roman": "xaadad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудад",
"roman": "xaanuudad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныд",
"roman": "xaanyd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадынд",
"roman": "xaadynd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудынд",
"roman": "xaanuudynd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаас",
"roman": "xaanaas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаас",
"roman": "xaadaas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаас",
"roman": "xaanuudaas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаар",
"roman": "xaanaar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаар",
"roman": "xaadaar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаар",
"roman": "xaanuudaar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаантай",
"roman": "xaantaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадтай",
"roman": "xaadtaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудтай",
"roman": "xaanuudtaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаангүй",
"roman": "xaangüj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"privative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадгүй",
"roman": "xaadgüj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"privative"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудгүй",
"roman": "xaanuudgüj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"privative"
]
},
{
"form": "хаан руу",
"roman": "xaan ruu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаад руу",
"roman": "xaad ruu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"directive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанууд руу",
"roman": "xaanuud ruu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"directive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mn-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаа",
"roman": "xaanaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаа",
"roman": "xaadaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаа",
"roman": "xaanuudaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныхаа",
"roman": "xaanyxaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадынхаа",
"roman": "xaadynxaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудынхаа",
"roman": "xaanuudynxaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныгаа",
"roman": "xaanygaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадыгаа",
"roman": "xaadygaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудыгаа",
"roman": "xaanuudygaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаандаа",
"roman": "xaandaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хааддаа",
"roman": "xaaddaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанууддаа",
"roman": "xaanuuddaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныдаа",
"roman": "xaanydaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадындаа",
"roman": "xaadyndaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудындаа",
"roman": "xaanuudyndaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаасаа",
"roman": "xaanaasaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаасаа",
"roman": "xaadaasaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаасаа",
"roman": "xaanuudaasaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаараа",
"roman": "xaanaaraa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаараа",
"roman": "xaadaaraa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаараа",
"roman": "xaanuudaaraa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаантайгаа",
"roman": "xaantajgaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадтайгаа",
"roman": "xaadtajgaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудтайгаа",
"roman": "xaanuudtajgaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаангүйгээ",
"roman": "xaangüjgee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"privative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадгүйгээ",
"roman": "xaadgüjgee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"privative"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудгүйгээ",
"roman": "xaanuudgüjgee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"privative"
]
},
{
"form": "хаан руугаа",
"roman": "xaan ruugaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаад руугаа",
"roman": "xaad ruugaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"directive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанууд руугаа",
"roman": "xaanuud ruugaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"directive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mn-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "хааных",
"roman": "xaanyx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадынх",
"roman": "xaadynx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудынх",
"roman": "xaanuudynx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныхан",
"roman": "xaanyxan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадынхан",
"roman": "xaadynxan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудынхан",
"roman": "xaanuudynxan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "хаан • (xaan)",
"name": "mn-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"хаан"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "хаан<r.gen_dat.d.uud>"
},
"name": "mn-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mongolian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mongolian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "khanate; empire",
"roman": "xaant uls",
"text": "хаант улс",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"royal or imperial khan; king; monarch ; sovereign ; emperor"
],
"id": "en-хаан-mn-noun-H86cpqWz",
"links": [
[
"royal",
"royal"
],
[
"imperial",
"imperial"
],
[
"khan",
"khan"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"emperor",
"emperor"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "xanlig",
"word": "ханлиг"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "эзэн"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[χäːɴ̟]",
"note": "Mongolia Khalkh"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mongolian script",
"Turkic Khaganate"
],
"word": "хаан"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "xng",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰍𐰣",
"3": "",
"tr": "qaɣan"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "可寒"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 可寒 (kha^X han)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mis-xnu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Xiongnu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "護于"
},
"expansion": "護于 (OC *ɢʷraːɡs ɢʷa)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "BCE",
"name": "B.C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "BCE",
"name": "BCE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "護于",
"tr": "*ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ"
},
"expansion": "護于 (OC *ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "單于",
"tr": "dar-ɦʷa"
},
"expansion": "單于 (OC dar-ɦʷa)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yen-pro",
"2": "*qeʔ",
"t": "big"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Yeniseian *qeʔ (“big”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan), from Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan). Compare Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan), the title of Bumïn Qaγan, founder of the Turkic Khaganate who reigned in 551–552 CE. Clauson considers it to be a Turkic loanword; yet the reverse (Mongolic into Turkic) is equally as likely, as Turks themselves borrowed the title from Rourans. As early as 3rd century CE general Yinalou, of Mongolic-speaking Xianbei ethnicity, had been recorded addressing chief Murong Tuyuhun as 可寒 (*qaɣan) (Early Middle Chinese 可寒 (kha^X han)), the earliest attested form of this title, before 可汗 (kèhán).\nAccording to Pulleyblank, the Xiongnu royal title 護于 (OC *ɢʷraːɡs ɢʷa) mentioned in the 1st century BCE is an earlier Chinese transcription of the same word. Vovin (2007) accepts the Xiongnu provenance, proposing that both 護于 (OC *ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ) and 單于 (OC dar-ɦʷa) stemmed from a Xiongnu root *qa- /*ɢa- \"great, ruler\", which in turn is related to Proto-Yeniseian *qeʔ (“big”) (Werner 2002.2:58) and *qʌ:j /*χʌ:j (“ruler, prince”) (Vovin's).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xaan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "хаан • (xaan)",
"name": "mn-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"хаан"
],
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"khan; imperial"
],
"id": "en-хаан-mn-adj-9PDAXsWa",
"links": [
[
"imperial",
"imperial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(attributive) khan; imperial"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "xan",
"word": "хан"
}
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[χäːɴ̟]",
"note": "Mongolia Khalkh"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mongolian script",
"Turkic Khaganate"
],
"word": "хаан"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mongolian 1-syllable words",
"Mongolian adjectives",
"Mongolian entries with incorrect language header",
"Mongolian lemmas",
"Mongolian nouns",
"Mongolian regular declension nouns",
"Mongolian terms derived from Classical Mongolian",
"Mongolian terms derived from Middle Mongol",
"Mongolian terms derived from Turkic languages",
"Mongolian terms inherited from Classical Mongolian",
"Mongolian terms inherited from Middle Mongol",
"Mongolian terms with redundant script codes",
"Mongolian а-harmonic nouns",
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "xng",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰍𐰣",
"3": "",
"tr": "qaɣan"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "可寒"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 可寒 (kha^X han)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mis-xnu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Xiongnu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "護于"
},
"expansion": "護于 (OC *ɢʷraːɡs ɢʷa)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "BCE",
"name": "B.C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "BCE",
"name": "BCE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "護于",
"tr": "*ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ"
},
"expansion": "護于 (OC *ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "單于",
"tr": "dar-ɦʷa"
},
"expansion": "單于 (OC dar-ɦʷa)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yen-pro",
"2": "*qeʔ",
"t": "big"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Yeniseian *qeʔ (“big”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan), from Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan). Compare Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan), the title of Bumïn Qaγan, founder of the Turkic Khaganate who reigned in 551–552 CE. Clauson considers it to be a Turkic loanword; yet the reverse (Mongolic into Turkic) is equally as likely, as Turks themselves borrowed the title from Rourans. As early as 3rd century CE general Yinalou, of Mongolic-speaking Xianbei ethnicity, had been recorded addressing chief Murong Tuyuhun as 可寒 (*qaɣan) (Early Middle Chinese 可寒 (kha^X han)), the earliest attested form of this title, before 可汗 (kèhán).\nAccording to Pulleyblank, the Xiongnu royal title 護于 (OC *ɢʷraːɡs ɢʷa) mentioned in the 1st century BCE is an earlier Chinese transcription of the same word. Vovin (2007) accepts the Xiongnu provenance, proposing that both 護于 (OC *ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ) and 單于 (OC dar-ɦʷa) stemmed from a Xiongnu root *qa- /*ɢa- \"great, ruler\", which in turn is related to Proto-Yeniseian *qeʔ (“big”) (Werner 2002.2:58) and *qʌ:j /*χʌ:j (“ruler, prince”) (Vovin's).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xaan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mn-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "хаан",
"roman": "xaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "хаан",
"roman": "xaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаад",
"roman": "xaad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанууд",
"roman": "xaanuud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааны",
"roman": "xaany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадын",
"roman": "xaadyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудын",
"roman": "xaanuudyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныг",
"roman": "xaanyg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадыг",
"roman": "xaadyg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудыг",
"roman": "xaanuudyg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанд",
"roman": "xaand",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадад",
"roman": "xaadad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудад",
"roman": "xaanuudad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныд",
"roman": "xaanyd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадынд",
"roman": "xaadynd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудынд",
"roman": "xaanuudynd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаас",
"roman": "xaanaas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаас",
"roman": "xaadaas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаас",
"roman": "xaanuudaas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаар",
"roman": "xaanaar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаар",
"roman": "xaadaar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаар",
"roman": "xaanuudaar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаантай",
"roman": "xaantaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадтай",
"roman": "xaadtaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудтай",
"roman": "xaanuudtaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаангүй",
"roman": "xaangüj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"privative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадгүй",
"roman": "xaadgüj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"privative"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудгүй",
"roman": "xaanuudgüj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"privative"
]
},
{
"form": "хаан руу",
"roman": "xaan ruu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаад руу",
"roman": "xaad ruu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"directive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанууд руу",
"roman": "xaanuud ruu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"directive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mn-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаа",
"roman": "xaanaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаа",
"roman": "xaadaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаа",
"roman": "xaanuudaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныхаа",
"roman": "xaanyxaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадынхаа",
"roman": "xaadynxaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудынхаа",
"roman": "xaanuudynxaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныгаа",
"roman": "xaanygaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадыгаа",
"roman": "xaadygaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудыгаа",
"roman": "xaanuudygaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаандаа",
"roman": "xaandaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хааддаа",
"roman": "xaaddaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанууддаа",
"roman": "xaanuuddaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныдаа",
"roman": "xaanydaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадындаа",
"roman": "xaadyndaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудындаа",
"roman": "xaanuudyndaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаасаа",
"roman": "xaanaasaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаасаа",
"roman": "xaadaasaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаасаа",
"roman": "xaanuudaasaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанаараа",
"roman": "xaanaaraa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадаараа",
"roman": "xaadaaraa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудаараа",
"roman": "xaanuudaaraa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаантайгаа",
"roman": "xaantajgaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадтайгаа",
"roman": "xaadtajgaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудтайгаа",
"roman": "xaanuudtajgaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаангүйгээ",
"roman": "xaangüjgee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"privative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадгүйгээ",
"roman": "xaadgüjgee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"privative"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудгүйгээ",
"roman": "xaanuudgüjgee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"privative"
]
},
{
"form": "хаан руугаа",
"roman": "xaan ruugaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаад руугаа",
"roman": "xaad ruugaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"directive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаанууд руугаа",
"roman": "xaanuud ruugaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"directive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mn-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "хааных",
"roman": "xaanyx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадынх",
"roman": "xaadynx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудынх",
"roman": "xaanuudynx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хааныхан",
"roman": "xaanyxan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "хаадынхан",
"roman": "xaadynxan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "хаануудынхан",
"roman": "xaanuudynxan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "хаан • (xaan)",
"name": "mn-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"хаан"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "хаан<r.gen_dat.d.uud>"
},
"name": "mn-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "xanlig",
"word": "ханлиг"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mongolian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "khanate; empire",
"roman": "xaant uls",
"text": "хаант улс",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"royal or imperial khan; king; monarch ; sovereign ; emperor"
],
"links": [
[
"royal",
"royal"
],
[
"imperial",
"imperial"
],
[
"khan",
"khan"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"monarch",
"monarch"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"emperor",
"emperor"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "эзэн"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[χäːɴ̟]",
"note": "Mongolia Khalkh"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mongolian script",
"Turkic Khaganate"
],
"word": "хаан"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mongolian 1-syllable words",
"Mongolian adjectives",
"Mongolian entries with incorrect language header",
"Mongolian lemmas",
"Mongolian nouns",
"Mongolian regular declension nouns",
"Mongolian terms derived from Classical Mongolian",
"Mongolian terms derived from Middle Mongol",
"Mongolian terms derived from Turkic languages",
"Mongolian terms inherited from Classical Mongolian",
"Mongolian terms inherited from Middle Mongol",
"Mongolian terms with redundant script codes",
"Mongolian а-harmonic nouns",
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "xng",
"3": "ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰍𐰣",
"3": "",
"tr": "qaɣan"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "可寒"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 可寒 (kha^X han)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mis-xnu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Xiongnu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "護于"
},
"expansion": "護于 (OC *ɢʷraːɡs ɢʷa)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "BCE",
"name": "B.C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "BCE",
"name": "BCE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "護于",
"tr": "*ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ"
},
"expansion": "護于 (OC *ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "單于",
"tr": "dar-ɦʷa"
},
"expansion": "單于 (OC dar-ɦʷa)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yen-pro",
"2": "*qeʔ",
"t": "big"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Yeniseian *qeʔ (“big”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan), from Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan). Compare Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan), the title of Bumïn Qaγan, founder of the Turkic Khaganate who reigned in 551–552 CE. Clauson considers it to be a Turkic loanword; yet the reverse (Mongolic into Turkic) is equally as likely, as Turks themselves borrowed the title from Rourans. As early as 3rd century CE general Yinalou, of Mongolic-speaking Xianbei ethnicity, had been recorded addressing chief Murong Tuyuhun as 可寒 (*qaɣan) (Early Middle Chinese 可寒 (kha^X han)), the earliest attested form of this title, before 可汗 (kèhán).\nAccording to Pulleyblank, the Xiongnu royal title 護于 (OC *ɢʷraːɡs ɢʷa) mentioned in the 1st century BCE is an earlier Chinese transcription of the same word. Vovin (2007) accepts the Xiongnu provenance, proposing that both 護于 (OC *ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ) and 單于 (OC dar-ɦʷa) stemmed from a Xiongnu root *qa- /*ɢa- \"great, ruler\", which in turn is related to Proto-Yeniseian *qeʔ (“big”) (Werner 2002.2:58) and *qʌ:j /*χʌ:j (“ruler, prince”) (Vovin's).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xaan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "хаан • (xaan)",
"name": "mn-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"хаан"
],
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"roman": "xan",
"word": "хан"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"khan; imperial"
],
"links": [
[
"imperial",
"imperial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(attributive) khan; imperial"
],
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[χäːɴ̟]",
"note": "Mongolia Khalkh"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mongolian script",
"Turkic Khaganate"
],
"word": "хаан"
}
Download raw JSONL data for хаан meaning in Mongolian (17.0kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
"path": [
"хаан"
],
"section": "Mongolian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "хаан",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
"path": [
"хаан"
],
"section": "Mongolian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "хаан",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'independent genitive'",
"path": [
"хаан"
],
"section": "Mongolian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "хаан",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'singular possession'",
"path": [
"хаан"
],
"section": "Mongolian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "хаан",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'collective possession'",
"path": [
"хаан"
],
"section": "Mongolian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "хаан",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Mongolian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.