"penser" meaning in Middle French

See penser in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Old French penser, from Latin pensāre. Etymology templates: {{inh|frm|fro|penser}} Old French penser, {{inh|frm|la|pensō|pensāre}} Latin pensāre Head templates: {{head|frm|verb}} penser Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], penser [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], pensant [gerund, participle, present], present participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], gerund of avoir + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], pensé [participle, past], pense [first-person, indicative, present, singular], penses [indicative, present, second-person, singular], pense [indicative, present, singular, third-person], pensons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], pensez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], pensent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], pensois [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], pensoys [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], pensois [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], pensoys [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], pensoit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], pensoyt [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], pensions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], pensyons [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], pensiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], pensyez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], pensoient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], pensoyent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], pensa [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], pensas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], pensa [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], pensasmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], pensastes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], penserent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], penserai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], penseray [first-person, future, indicative, singular], penseras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], pensera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], penserons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], penserez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], penseront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], penserois [conditional, first-person, singular], penseroys [conditional, first-person, singular], penserois [conditional, second-person, singular], penseroys [conditional, second-person, singular], penseroit [conditional, singular, third-person], penseroyt [conditional, singular, third-person], penserions [conditional, first-person, plural], penseryons [conditional, first-person, plural], penseriez [conditional, plural, second-person], penseryez [conditional, plural, second-person], penseroient [conditional, plural, third-person], penseroyent [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], pense [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], penses [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pense [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pensons [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], pensez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], pensent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], pensasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], pensasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pensast [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pensassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], pensassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], pensassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], pense [imperative, second-person, singular], pensons [first-person, imperative, plural], pensez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to think; to reflect
    Sense id: en-penser-frm-verb-OSZg5NOC Categories (other): Middle French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle French entries with incorrect language header: 47 53
  2. to think (have an opinion)
    Sense id: en-penser-frm-verb-UMN7c4K- Categories (other): Middle French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle French entries with incorrect language header: 47 53
{
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      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "penser"
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      "expansion": "Old French penser",
      "name": "inh"
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      "args": {
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        "2": "la",
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        "4": "pensāre"
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      "expansion": "Latin pensāre",
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    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French penser, from Latin pensāre.",
  "forms": [
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      "source": "conjugation",
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      "form": "present participle",
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      "form": "pensé",
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        "indicative",
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        "singular"
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      "source": "conjugation",
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        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "pensent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "pensois",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
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      "form": "pensoys",
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      "form": "pensoit",
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        "singular",
        "third-person"
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      "form": "pensoyt",
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        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "pensions",
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      "form": "pensyons",
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      "form": "pensas",
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        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "pensasmes",
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        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "pensastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "penserent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "penserai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
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      "form": "penseray",
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        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
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      "form": "penseras",
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        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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      "form": "pensera",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
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      "form": "penserons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
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      "form": "penserez",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penserois",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseroys",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
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        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
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      "form": "penseroys",
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        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
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      "form": "penseroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseroyt",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
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        "first-person",
        "plural"
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        "first-person",
        "plural"
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      "form": "penseriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseryez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
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      "form": "penseroient",
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        "third-person"
      ]
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      "form": "penseroyent",
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      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
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        "pluperfect"
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        "perfect"
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        "present",
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        "subjunctive"
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        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
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        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
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    },
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      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensent",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
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        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pensast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensassions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensassiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensassent",
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        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pense",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensez",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
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        "singular"
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    }
  ],
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  "lang": "Middle French",
  "lang_code": "frm",
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
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            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to think; to reflect"
      ],
      "id": "en-penser-frm-verb-OSZg5NOC",
      "links": [
        [
          "think",
          "think"
        ],
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      "glosses": [
        "to think (have an opinion)"
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      "id": "en-penser-frm-verb-UMN7c4K-",
      "links": [
        [
          "think",
          "think"
        ]
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    }
  ],
  "word": "penser"
}
{
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      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pense",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensois",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensoys",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensois",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensoys",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensoyt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensyons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensyez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensoyent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensasmes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penserent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penserai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseray",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penserons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penserez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penserois",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseroys",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penserois",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseroys",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseroyt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penserions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseryons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseryez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penseroyent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pense",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pense",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensassions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensassiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pense",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pensez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "penser",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle French",
  "lang_code": "frm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to think; to reflect"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "think",
          "think"
        ],
        [
          "reflect",
          "reflect"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to think (have an opinion)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "think",
          "think"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "penser"
}

Download raw JSONL data for penser meaning in Middle French (9.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.