See werren in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "war"
},
"expansion": "English: war",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: war"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "war",
"3": "weir"
},
"expansion": "Scots: war, weir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: war, weir"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "guerrier"
},
"expansion": "Old French guerrier",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*werran"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *werran",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "werre",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "war",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "war"
},
"expansion": "werre (“war”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French guerrier, guerrer, from Frankish *werran. Equivalent to werre (“war”) + -en (infinitival suffix); influenced and reinforced by that noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "werreth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werrende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werrynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "werren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to werren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werredest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werreden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werrede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werrynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werrende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ywerred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "warren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "weorren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "werren",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "werr"
},
"expansion": "werren (third-person singular simple present werreth, present participle werrende, werrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle werred)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "werr"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 17 31 16 4 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [
"Conflict",
"Military",
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To attack, fight or war (against something or someone); to be involved in or engage in armed conflict."
],
"id": "en-werren-enm-verb-Q8JdHUWo",
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"war",
"war"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 4 6 4 5 12 11 6 10 14 5 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 17 31 16 4 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [
"Conflict",
"Military",
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To inflict destruction or devastation by way of conflict or battle; to bring to ruin."
],
"id": "en-werren-enm-verb-KPpR-rvo",
"links": [
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
],
[
"devastation",
"devastation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 4 6 4 5 12 11 6 10 14 5 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 17 31 16 4 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [
"Conflict",
"Military",
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To attack outside armed conflict; to fight one-on-one or in a disorganised manner."
],
"id": "en-werren-enm-verb-jMwNhBNw",
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"one-on-one",
"one-on-one"
],
[
"disorganised",
"disorganised"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To attack outside armed conflict; to fight one-on-one or in a disorganised manner."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 69 30 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 17 31 16 4 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [
"Conflict",
"Military",
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To attack a religion (or its people) or a value; to enter into religious or moral conflict."
],
"id": "en-werren-enm-verb-E0CeMoOx",
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 4 9 4 5 16 10 5 6 6 4 19 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 9 3 5 16 10 5 6 6 4 20 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To denigrate, show enmity towards, punish, or afflict a religion or its followers."
],
"id": "en-werren-enm-verb-11I1kj3b",
"links": [
[
"denigrate",
"denigrate"
],
[
"enmity",
"enmity"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To have one's knowledge on a topic turn clouded or unclear."
],
"id": "en-werren-enm-verb-WNxQWGrz",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To have one's knowledge on a topic turn clouded or unclear."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛrən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛːrən/"
}
],
"word": "werren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Frankish",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:War"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "war"
},
"expansion": "English: war",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: war"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "war",
"3": "weir"
},
"expansion": "Scots: war, weir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: war, weir"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "guerrier"
},
"expansion": "Old French guerrier",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*werran"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *werran",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "werre",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "war",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "war"
},
"expansion": "werre (“war”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French guerrier, guerrer, from Frankish *werran. Equivalent to werre (“war”) + -en (infinitival suffix); influenced and reinforced by that noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "werreth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werrende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werrynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "werren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to werren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werredest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werreden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werrede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werrynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werrende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "werred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ywerred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "werre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "warren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "weorren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "werren",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "werr"
},
"expansion": "werren (third-person singular simple present werreth, present participle werrende, werrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle werred)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "werr"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To attack, fight or war (against something or someone); to be involved in or engage in armed conflict."
],
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"war",
"war"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To inflict destruction or devastation by way of conflict or battle; to bring to ruin."
],
"links": [
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
],
[
"devastation",
"devastation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To attack outside armed conflict; to fight one-on-one or in a disorganised manner."
],
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"one-on-one",
"one-on-one"
],
[
"disorganised",
"disorganised"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To attack outside armed conflict; to fight one-on-one or in a disorganised manner."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To attack a religion (or its people) or a value; to enter into religious or moral conflict."
],
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To denigrate, show enmity towards, punish, or afflict a religion or its followers."
],
"links": [
[
"denigrate",
"denigrate"
],
[
"enmity",
"enmity"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To have one's knowledge on a topic turn clouded or unclear."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To have one's knowledge on a topic turn clouded or unclear."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛrən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛːrən/"
}
],
"word": "werren"
}
Download raw JSONL data for werren meaning in Middle English (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (89e900c and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.