"twisten" meaning in Middle English

See twisten in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈtwistən/
Etymology: From twist + -en (infinitival suffix). Etymology templates: {{af|enm|twist|-en|id2=infinitival|pos2=infinitival suffix}} twist + -en (infinitival suffix) Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} twisten Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|twist|c2=te}} Forms: weak [table-tags], twisten [infinitive], to twisten [infinitive], twiste [infinitive], twiste [first-person, present, singular], twisted [first-person, past, singular], twiste [first-person, past, singular], twistest [present, second-person, singular], twistedest [past, second-person, singular], twistest [past, second-person, singular], twisteth [present, singular, third-person], twisted [past, singular, third-person], twiste [past, singular, third-person], twiste [present, singular, subjunctive], twisted [past, singular, subjunctive], twiste [past, singular, subjunctive], twiste [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], twisten [plural, present], twiste [plural, present], twisteden [past, plural], twistede [past, plural], twisten [past, plural], twiste [past, plural], twisteth [imperative, plural, present], twiste [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], twistynge [participle, present], twistende [participle, present], twisted [participle, past], twist [participle, past], ytwisted [participle, past], ytwist [participle, past]
  1. To pressure or constrain.
    Sense id: en-twisten-enm-verb-v7EBqShS
  2. (figuratively) To make sad; to anguish. Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-twisten-enm-verb-fuE7Diqx
  3. To branch or fork.
    Sense id: en-twisten-enm-verb-V8P4PxNR
  4. (figuratively) To take; to capture. Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-twisten-enm-verb-EQAVn7j5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: twiste, twyst Related terms: twist 
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "twist"
          },
          "expansion": "English: twist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: twist"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "twist"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: twist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: twist"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "twist",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitival suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "twist + -en (infinitival suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From twist + -en (infinitival suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to twisten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisteden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ytwisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ytwist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "twisten",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "twist",
        "c2": "te"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "twist"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To pressure or constrain."
      ],
      "id": "en-twisten-enm-verb-v7EBqShS",
      "links": [
        [
          "pressure",
          "pressure"
        ],
        [
          "constrain",
          "constrain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To make sad; to anguish."
      ],
      "id": "en-twisten-enm-verb-fuE7Diqx",
      "links": [
        [
          "sad",
          "sad"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) To make sad; to anguish."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To branch or fork."
      ],
      "id": "en-twisten-enm-verb-V8P4PxNR",
      "links": [
        [
          "branch",
          "branch"
        ],
        [
          "fork",
          "fork"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To take; to capture."
      ],
      "id": "en-twisten-enm-verb-EQAVn7j5",
      "links": [
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ],
        [
          "capture",
          "capture"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) To take; to capture."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtwistən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "twiste"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "twyst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "twisten"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "twist"
          },
          "expansion": "English: twist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: twist"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "twist"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: twist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: twist"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "twist",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitival suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "twist + -en (infinitival suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From twist + -en (infinitival suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to twisten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisteden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twiste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twistende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "twist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ytwisted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ytwist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "twisten",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "twist",
        "c2": "te"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "twist"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To pressure or constrain."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pressure",
          "pressure"
        ],
        [
          "constrain",
          "constrain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To make sad; to anguish."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sad",
          "sad"
        ],
        [
          "anguish",
          "anguish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) To make sad; to anguish."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To branch or fork."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "branch",
          "branch"
        ],
        [
          "fork",
          "fork"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To take; to capture."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ],
        [
          "capture",
          "capture"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) To take; to capture."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtwistən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "twiste"
    },
    {
      "word": "twyst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "twisten"
}

Download raw JSONL data for twisten meaning in Middle English (4.5kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.