See tosten in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tost"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "toast"
},
"expansion": "English: toast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: toast"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "toast"
},
"expansion": "Scots: toast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: toast"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "toster"
},
"expansion": "Old French toster",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "tostus"
},
"expansion": "Latin tostus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*torzeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *torzeō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*torséyeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *torséyeti",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French toster, from Latin tostus, from torreō, from Proto-Italic *torzeō, from Proto-Indo-European *torséyeti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to tosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tostest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tostedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tostede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tosteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tostynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tostende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ytosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "tosten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tost"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "enm:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To toast; to brown bread."
],
"id": "en-tosten-enm-verb-L9aEeHZB",
"links": [
[
"toast",
"toast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To toast; to brown bread."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 7 6 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 9 10 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 6 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To burn or heat."
],
"id": "en-tosten-enm-verb-othtskCA",
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To burn or heat."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːstən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tost"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toost"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tooste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toostyn"
}
],
"word": "tosten"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Cooking"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tost"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "toast"
},
"expansion": "English: toast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: toast"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "toast"
},
"expansion": "Scots: toast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: toast"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "toster"
},
"expansion": "Old French toster",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "tostus"
},
"expansion": "Latin tostus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*torzeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *torzeō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*torséyeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *torséyeti",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French toster, from Latin tostus, from torreō, from Proto-Italic *torzeō, from Proto-Indo-European *torséyeti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to tosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tostest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tostedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tostede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tosteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "toste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tostynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tostende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ytosted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "tosten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tost"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English rare terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To toast; to brown bread."
],
"links": [
[
"toast",
"toast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To toast; to brown bread."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English rare terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To burn or heat."
],
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To burn or heat."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːstən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "toste"
},
{
"word": "tost"
},
{
"word": "toost"
},
{
"word": "tooste"
},
{
"word": "toostyn"
}
],
"word": "tosten"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tosten meaning in Middle English (4.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.